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Strobist info:
Canon 580EXII in a 80x60 Gridded Softbox - Camera Left
Nikon SB-26 with a shoot-through umbrella - Camera Right with a Blue Filter
Nude Nikon SB-26 behind me for the blue glow, with a Blue Filter
Nikon SB-26 with a DIY Grid Spot camera left
580EXII Triggered by Pocket Wizard II Plus, and Phottix Atlas trigger on the camera body
All three Nikon SB-26s are triggered by Optical Slave
Sometimes I really love playing around and shooting one of the most difficult to please models in the world, but in many cases it's the only one I have - Myself! ;) I've been quite busy recently and didn't have time to take a lot of photos, but now since I finished my studies I'm gonna have time and do some more self portraits, so this will be the first from the series I'm thinking about!
That was a damn cold night in Kobe, don't ask me how I motivated myself to go out in the middle of the night and do this! So, about the setup I'm using, my main light is coming from a gridded 80x60cm softbox on the left of the camera, I wanted to have some cool light on myself here! And for some fill on the right I'm having a shoot through umbrella with a Nikon SB-26 and a blue gel. I'm using some blue gels on this shot to make up a little the atmosphere the way I wanted it to be, a little colder. Also behind me you can see one more blue gelled Nikon SB-26, and there is also a gridded flash on the left side. That one I use to put some more detail on the objects in front of me, and I gridded it to restrict the light that I didn't want to hit me.
What do Cats and Jazz Have in Common? 10 Jive Words Explained.
Published on June 10, 2024
Credit: Chris Bair
Are you a cool cat? Or a groovy alligator? The Age of Jazz had a vast cultural influence on both American music and culture , but one of its most curious aspects was "jive talk," the quirky jargon it birthed.
Largely influenced by jazz singer Cab Calloway - who authored at least two dictionaries on jive talk, the jazz-inspired 1930s Harlem vernacular permeated our culture and gave us popular modern words such as "cool" or "hipster." Join us and dive into the strange world of jive talk with these 10 hip phrases that defined the scene.
1
Dig it
Credit: Billy Freeman
Back in the day, "dig it" wasn't just about enjoying something - it was about feeling it deep in your bones. One of the many expressions that originated in 1930s jazz circles and seamlessly integrated into mainstream American English, this phrase encapsulated the essence of jazz appreciation , where listeners are urged to immerse themselves fully into both music and scene.
2
Cat
Credit: Michael Sum
In jazz speak, a "cat" wasn't just a furry friend - it was a word that could be used for anyone involved with the jazz scene , but typically reserved for stellar musicians adept at improvisation and who remained chill under pressure.
While the exact origin of the term is unknown, some believe it derived from the West African Wolof language word for singer, "katt." A simpler alternative would be that jazz musicians usually hung out until late at night, just like real cats.
3
Groovy
Credit: Brittani Burns
If something is groovy, it is more than just good - it is the epitome of cool. While today we primarily associate "groovy" with the 1960s hippie counterculture, its roots trace back to the jazz era of the 1920s. The term is thought to have emerged both from the "grooves" of vinyl records and the repetitive patterns of popular music of that time.
4
Hipster
Credit: Ben Eaton
Before the term was co-opted by mainstream culture, the term "hipster" was used to refer to jazz fans and musicians. The word was derived from the slang term "hep," meaning "up to date." Hipsters in the 1920s were avant-garde tastemakers, pushing boundaries with their style, music, and way of life.
The term was later associated with hip-hugging pants in the 1960s , and after that, it didn’t reappear until the 90s, used to characterize the educated bohemian youth living in gentrified neighborhoods.
5
Scat
Credit: Kobe Subramaniam
"Scat" was a vocal improvisation technique popularized by jazz singers like Louis Armstrong and Ella Fitzgerald. It involved singing nonsense syllables in rhythm, showcasing the singer’s talent while adding a playful dimension to the music.
While the precise origin of the term remains uncertain, some speculate it was derived from a Louis Armstrong recording where he spontaneously sang a bunch of nonsense words that happened to be something like "scat-a-lee-dat."
6
Chops
Credit: Gabriel Gurrola
In jazz lingo, having "chops" means having some serious musical skills. However, the term is far older than that, and it used to refer to the jaws (both of a man or an animal).
Eventually, it became a synonym for the power of a jazz trumpeter’s "embouchure" (meaning the way in which a brass player applies the mouth to the mouthpiece of its instrument), and from there, it quickly evolved into a more general term for a musician’s skill.
7
Cooking
Credit: Johnathan Macedo
"Cooking," as a positive term in reference to music, seamlessly transitioned into our general English vocabulary while retaining much of its original meaning. In the jazz era, when the music was "cooking," it meant that the band was sizzling with energy and intensity.
Even today, we continue to use it similarly: when something is "cooking," it signifies improvement, progress, or momentum.
8
Gig
Credit: John Matychuk
Long before it became a ubiquitous term for any temporary job, a "gig" was a jazz musician's bread and butter.
Short for "engagement," the term originally referred to a live musical performance. Musicians often lived gig to gig , meaning that their livelihood depended on performing in order to afford their next meal.
9
Jam Session
Credit: Viktor SOLOMONIK
For jazz musicians, a "jam session" wasn't just a casual get-together - it was more of a sacred ritual of musical communion. These gatherings often took place in community centers or speakeasies, after musicians finished their regular paying gigs.
Jam sessions provided a place for experimentation and artistic freedom, where musicians would not have to conform to an audience and could exchange new ideas, but also often attracted non-musician fans eager to witness their musical idols in all their splendor.
10
Cool
Credit: Thom Holmes
Before it became one of the most popular slang words in the English language, "cool" originated within the jazz community of the 1940s. In the jazz lexicon, "cool" transcended its literal meaning as a temperature and instead embodied a state of mind.
Coolness was synonymous with maintaining composure, staying ahead of the curve, and emanating an effortless aura of sophistication and style, mirroring the relaxed vibe that jazz music sought to evoke.
A good and righteous man.
One of the Righteous Among the Nations (Hebrew: חסידי אומות העולם)
Here is a search for photos on Flickr of Chiune Sugihara:
www.flickr.com/search/?text=chiune%20Sugihara
Here is the site for Righteous Among The Nations:
encyclopedia.ushmm.org/content/en/article/chiune-sempo-su...
________________________________
Here is his bio on Wikipedia:
Chiune Sugihara (杉原 千畝, Sugihara Chiune, 1 January 1900 – 31 July 1986)[1] was a Japanese diplomat who served as vice-consul for the Japanese Empire in Kaunas, Lithuania. During the Second World War, Sugihara helped thousands of Jews flee Europe by issuing transit visas to them so that they could travel through Japanese territory, risking his job and the lives of his family.[2][3] The fleeing Jews were refugees from German-occupied Wester Poland and Soviet-occupied Eastern Poland, as well as residents of Lithuania. In 1985, the State of Israel honored Sugihara as one of the Righteous Among the Nations (Hebrew: חסידי אומות העולם) for his actions. He is the only Japanese national to have been so honored. The year 2020 was "The Year of Chiune Sugihara" in Lithuania. It has been estimated as many as 100,000 people alive today are the descendants of the recipients of Sugihara visas.[4]
Contents
1 Early life and education
2 Manchurian Foreign Office
3 Lithuania
3.1 Jewish refugees
3.1.1 Sugihara's visas
3.1.2 Numbers saved
4 Resignation
5 Later life
6 Honor Restored
7 Family
8 Legacy and honors
9 Biographies
10 Notable people helped by Sugihara
11 See also
12 References
13 Further reading
14 External links
Early life and education
Chiune Sugihara was born on 1 January 1900 (Meiji 33), in Mino, Gifu prefecture, to a middle-class father, Yoshimi Sugihara (杉原好水 Sugihara Yoshimi), and an upper-middle class mother, Yatsu Sugihara (杉原やつ Sugihara Yatsu).[5] When he was born, his father worked at a tax office in Kozuchi-town and his family lived in a borrowed temple, with the Buddhist temple Kyōsen-ji (教泉寺) where he was born nearby. He was the second son among five boys and one girl.[1] His father and family moved into the tax office within the branch of the Nagoya Tax Administration Office one after another. In 1903 (Meiji 36) his family moved to Asahi Village in Niu-gun, Fukui Prefecture. In 1904 (Meiji 37) they moved to Yokkaichi city Mie Prefecture. On 25 October 1905 (Meiji 38), they moved to Nakatsu Town, Ena-gun, Gifu Prefecture. In 1906 (Meiji 39) on 2 April, Chiune entered Nakatsu Town Municipal Elementary School (now Nakatsugawa City Minami Elementary School in Gifu Prefecture). On 31 March 1907 (Meiji 40), he transferred to Kuwana Municipal Kuwana Elementary School in Mie Prefecture (currently Kuwana Municipal Nissin Elementary School). In December of that same year, he transferred to Nagoya Municipal Furuwatari Elementary School (now Nagoya Municipal Heiwa Elementary School). In 1912, he graduated with top honors from Furuwatari Elementary School and entered Aichi prefectural 5th secondary school (now Zuiryo high school), a combined junior and senior high school. His father wanted him to become a physician, but Chiune deliberately failed the entrance exam by writing only his name on the exam papers. Instead, he entered Waseda University in 1918 (Taishō 7) and majored in English language. At that time, he entered Yuai Gakusha, the Christian fraternity that had been founded by Baptist pastor Harry Baxter Benninhof, to improve his English.
In 1919 (Taishō 8), he passed the Foreign Ministry Scholarship exam. From 1920 to 1922 (Taishō 9 to 11), Sugihara served in the Imperial Army as a second lieutenant with the 79th Infantry, stationed in Korea, then part of the Empire of Japan. He resigned his commission in November 1922 and took the Foreign Ministry's language qualifying exams the following year, passing the Russian exam with distinction. The Japanese Foreign Ministry recruited him and assigned him to Harbin, China, where he also studied the Russian and German languages and later became an expert on Russian affairs.
Chiune Sugihara's birth Registry, indicating his birthplace as Kozuchi Town, Mugi District, nowadays known as Mino City in Gifu Prefecture.
Observation Kozuchi-town from Mt. Ogura. Kyosenji Temple where Chiuna Sugihara was born and village section Named "Chiune" which can be seen from the temple.
Kyōsen-ji Temple (教泉寺). This temple was located at the address reported as the birthplace of Sugihara Chiune, and there was a Kōzuchi tax office that Chiune father served in the immediate area.
Chiune Bridge. A bridge over Chiune-cho which was the origin of the name of Chiune.
Bus stop of Chiune-cho where the name of Sugihara Chiune was derived
Manchurian Foreign Office
When Sugihara served in the Manchurian Foreign Office, he took part in the negotiations with the Soviet Union concerning the Northern Manchurian Railroad.
During his time in Harbin, Sugihara married Klaudia Semionovna Apollonova and converted to Christianity (Russian Orthodox Church),[6] using the baptismal name Sergei Pavlovich.[2]
In 1935, Sugihara quit his post as Deputy Foreign Minister in Manchuria in protest over Japanese mistreatment of the local Chinese.[citation needed]
Sugihara and his wife divorced in 1935, before he returned to Japan, where he married Yukiko (1913–2008, née Kikuchi[7]) after the marriage; they had four sons Hiroki, Chiaki, Haruki, Nobuki. As of 2010, Nobuki is the only surviving son and represents the Sugihara family.[8]
Chiune Sugihara also served in the Information Department of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and as a translator for the Japanese delegation in Helsinki, Finland.[9]
Lithuania
Righteous
Among the Nations
Righteous Among the Nations medal simplified.svg
The Holocaust
Rescuers of Jews
Righteousness
Seven Laws of Noah
Yad Vashem
Notable individuals
Irena Adamowicz
Gino Bartali
Archbishop Damaskinos
Odoardo Focherini
Francis Foley
Helen of Greece and Denmark
Princess Alice of Battenberg
Marianne Golz
Paul Grüninger
Jane Haining
Feng-Shan Ho
Wilm Hosenfeld
Constantin Karadja
Jan Karski
Derviš Korkut
Valdemar Langlet
Carl Lutz
Aristides de Sousa Mendes
Tadeusz Pankiewicz
Giorgio Perlasca
Nurija Pozderac
Marion Pritchard
Roland de Pury
Ángel Sanz Briz
Oskar Schindler
Anton Schmid
Irena Sendler
Klymentiy Sheptytsky
Ona Šimaitė
Henryk Sławik
Tina Strobos
Chiune Sugihara
Betsie ten Boom
Casper ten Boom
Corrie ten Boom
Johan van Hulst
Raimondo Viale
Raoul Wallenberg
Johan Hendrik Weidner
Rudolf Weigl
Jan Zwartendijk
Leopold Socha
Franciszka Halamajowa
By country
Austrian
Croatian
German
Lithuanian
Norwegian
Polish (List)
Ukrainian
v
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In 1939, Sugihara became a vice-consul of the Japanese Consulate in Kaunas, Lithuania. His duties included reporting on Soviet and German troop movements,[1] and to find out if Germany planned an attack on the Soviets and, if so, to report the details of this attack to his superiors in Berlin and Tokyo.[10]
Sugihara had cooperated with Polish intelligence as part of a bigger Japanese–Polish cooperative plan.[11]
Jewish refugees
As the Soviet Union occupied sovereign Lithuania in 1940, many Jewish refugees from Poland (Polish Jews) as well as Lithuanian Jews tried to acquire exit visas. Without the visas, it was dangerous to travel, yet it was impossible to find countries willing to issue them. Hundreds of refugees came to the Japanese consulate in Kaunas, trying to get a visa to Japan. At the time, on the brink of the war, Lithuanian Jews made up one third of Lithuania's urban population and half of the residents of every town.[12] In the period between 16 July and 3 August 1940, the Dutch Honorary Consul Jan Zwartendijk provided over 2,200 Jews with official third destination passes to Curaçao, a Caribbean island and Dutch colony that required no entry visa or to Surinam.
European Jewish refugees began to arrive in Japan in July 1940 and departed by September 1941. An overview during this period is described in the Annual Reports of 1940[13] & 1941[14] by the American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee (JDC).
In June 1940, Italy entered into the war and the Mediterranean route was closed. The Committee in Great Germany, forced to seek new outlets for emigration, arranged for the transportation of Jews from Germany across Europe and Asia (via the trans-Siberian railway) to Vladivostok, thence to Japan. From Japan the refugees were to embark for destinations in the Western Hemisphere.
On December 31, 1940, the Soviet Union declared all persons residing in Lithuania as on September 1, 1940, the right to apply for Soviet citizenship. While the great bulk of Polish refugees in Lithuania opted for Soviet citizenship, there was a group of 4,000–5,000 persons for whom the New Order offered little opportunity. These were principally rabbis, yeshiva students, members of the intellectual classes and leaders of various Jewish communal and labor organizations. Most of them immediately applied for exit permits from Lithuania. Although during the early weeks of 1941 exit permits and Japanese transit visas were readily granted, the problem was how to find transportation costs for those people whose very existences were jeopardized if they remained in Lithuania. The JDC in collaboration with a number of other American Jewish groups, contributed toward the funds required for the Trans-Siberian trip to Japan of 1,700 persons.
In July 1940, Jewish refugees in Germany and other countries began arriving in Japan at Tsuruga, Shimonoseki and Kobe.[15] Japanese embassies and consulates except Kaunas issued 3,448 Japanese transit visas from January 1940 to March 1941.[16] Most of them held valid end-visas and immediately departed Japan. From October 1940, Polish refugees from Lithuania began to land on Tsuruga. Their number increased sharply from January 1941 onwards. "By the end of March there were close to 2,000 in the country, mostly in Kobe. More than half of these refugees did not hold valid end-visas and were unable to proceed further than Japan". They were forced to stay for a long time to find the immigration countries.
The number of Jewish refugees who came to Japan, as seen in Table 1, has documents with 4,500,[17] 5,000[18] or 6,000.[19] 552 persons of the second row of the table do not match the number of departing persons edited by Jewcom.[20] Siberian railway had been closed and no evidence supporting this figure is found in JDC annual reports or MOFA documents. For 200 persons described in Note 1 of Table 1, there is a document in Archives of MOFA that the Japanese consulate of Vladivostok transferred about 50 Jewish refugees who had stranded in Vladivostok to Shanghai with Soviet Union cargo on April 26, 1941.[21]
Sugihara's visas
At the time, the Japanese government required that visas be issued only to those who had gone through appropriate immigration procedures and had enough funds. Most of the refugees did not fulfill these criteria. Sugihara dutifully contacted the Japanese Foreign Ministry three times for instructions. Each time, the Ministry responded that anybody granted a visa should have a visa to a third destination to exit Japan, with no exceptions.[1]
From 18 July to 28 August 1940, aware that applicants were in danger if they stayed behind, Sugihara decided to ignore his orders and issued ten-day visas to Jews for transit through Japan. Given his inferior post and the culture of the Japanese Foreign Service bureaucracy, this was an unusual act of disobedience. He spoke to Soviet officials who agreed to let the Jews travel through the country via the Trans-Siberian Railway at five times the standard ticket price.
Sugihara continued to hand-write visas, reportedly spending 18 to 20 hours a day on them, producing a normal month's worth of visas each day, until 4 September, when he had to leave his post before the consulate was closed. By that time, he had granted thousands of visas to Jews, many of whom were heads of households and thus permitted to take their families with them. It is claimed that before he left, he handed the official consulate stamp to a refugee so that more visas could be forged.[22] His son, Nobuki Sugihara, adamantly insisted in an interview with Ann Curry that his father never gave the stamp to anyone.[23] According to witnesses, he was still writing visas while in transit from his hotel and after boarding the train at the Kaunas Railway Station, throwing visas into the crowd of desperate refugees out of the train's window even as the train pulled out.
In final desperation, blank sheets of paper with only the consulate seal and his signature (that could be later written over into a visa) were hurriedly prepared and flung out from the train. As he prepared to depart, he said, "Please forgive me. I cannot write anymore. I wish you the best." When he bowed deeply to the people before him, someone exclaimed, "Sugihara. We'll never forget you. I'll surely see you again!"[9]
Sugihara himself wondered about official reaction to the thousands of visas he issued. Many years later, he recalled, "No one ever said anything about it. I remember thinking that they probably didn't realize how many I actually issued."[24]
Numbers saved
On the number of refugees passing through Japan who held Japanese transit visas for Curaçao issued by Sugihara, the so-called "Sugihara visa", there are two documents stating numbers 2,200[25] and 6,000.[9] 6,000 persons as stated in "Visas for Life" is likely hearsay.
K. Watanabe argued that there could be 6,000 for the reason that use by three family members per visa is reasonable, that there were newspaper articles with 6,000, and that most of the refugees landing on Tsuruga were now admitted to have a Sugihara visa. On September 29, 1983, Fuji Television aired a documentary "One visa that divided the fate - the Japanese who saved 4,500 Jews".
In 1985, when Chiune Sugihara received Righteous among the Nations award, some Japanese newspapers reported that he saved 6,000 persons and others 4,500.[26] The Japan Times, dated January 19, 1985, headlined "Japanese Man honored for saving 6,000 Jews", and reported "Sugihara defied orders from Tokyo and issued transit visas to nearly 6,000 Jews". US newspapers referred to Sugihara as 'a diplomat who defied his government's orders and issued a transit visas for 6,000 Jews.
Table 2 shows the number of refugees who had stayed at Kobe in 1941 based on Archives of MOFA. Refugees classified as "No visa" in table are presumed to have held fakes of Japanese transit visas issued by Sugihara.[27] The Soviets wanted to purge Polish refugees who had been stranded in Soviet territory with Japanese transit visas as soon as possible,[28] and so permitted them to get on the train to Vladivostok with or without a destination visa. The Japanese government was forced to admit the entry of them. On April 8, 1941, of the 1,400 Polish Jews staying at Kobe, "for Curaçao" and "No visa" were about 1,300.
The Polish ambassador in Tokyo, Tadeusz Romer, remembered, "They (Polish refugees) only had fictitious Dutch visas for the island of Curaçao and Japanese transit visas". According to the refugee name list surveyed by Fukui Prefecture,[29] of the 306 persons who landed at Tsuruga Port in October 1940, there were 203 Poles. Their destinations were US 89, Palestine 46, Curaçao 24, and others. It is estimated that about 80% of them were on the Sugihara visa list.[30] The documents of the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum[31] and "Refugee and Survivor" do not mention the number of people saved by "Sugihara visa".
More than half of the refugees who entered with invalid visas including "Sugihara visa" obtained valid visas with the help of JDC, HIAS, the Embassy of Poland and Japanese government, and embarked host countries. In August–September 1941, Japanese authorities transferred about 850 refugees[32] stranded in Japan to Shanghai before Japan and the United States began war. According to Emigration Table by Jewcom, the number of Polish refugees leaving Japan was Shanghai 860, US 532, Canada 186, Palestine 186, Australia 81, South Africa 59, and others 207 in total 2,111.
The total number of Jews saved by Sugihara is in dispute, estimating about 6,000; family visas—which allowed several people to travel on one visa—were also issued, which would account for the much higher figure. The Simon Wiesenthal Center has estimated that Chiune Sugihara issued transit visas for about 6,000 Jews and that around 40,000 descendants of the Jewish refugees are alive today because of his actions.[1] Polish intelligence produced some false visas.[33] Sugihara's widow and eldest son estimate that he saved 10,000 Jews from certain death, whereas Boston University professor and author, Hillel Levine, also estimates that he helped "as many as 10,000 people", but that far fewer people ultimately survived.[34] Indeed, some Jews who received Sugihara's visas failed to leave Lithuania in time, were later captured by the Germans who invaded the Soviet Union on 22 June 1941, and perished in the Holocaust.
The Diplomatic Record Office of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs has opened to the public two documents concerning Sugihara's file: the first aforementioned document is a 5 February 1941 diplomatic note from Chiune Sugihara to Japan's then Foreign Minister Yōsuke Matsuoka in which Sugihara stated he issued 1,500 out of 2,139 transit visas to Jews and Poles; however, since most of the 2,139 people were not Jewish, this would imply that most of the visas were given to Polish Jews instead. Levine then notes that another document from the same foreign office file "indicates an additional 3,448 visas were issued in Kaunas for a total of 5,580 visas" which were likely given to Jews desperate to flee Lithuania for safety in Japan or Japanese occupied-China.
Many refugees used their visas to travel across the Soviet Union to Vladivostok and then by boat to Kobe, Japan, where there was a Jewish community. Romer, the Polish ambassador in Tokyo, organized help for them. From August 1940 to November 1941, he had managed to get transit visas in Japan, asylum visas to Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Burma, immigration certificates to the British Mandate of Palestine, and immigrant visas to the United States and some Latin American countries for more than two thousand Polish-Lithuanian Jewish refugees, who arrived in Kobe, Japan, and the Shanghai Ghetto, China.
The remaining number of Sugihara survivors stayed in Japan until they were deported to Japanese-held Shanghai, where there was already a large Jewish community that had existed as early as the mid-1930s. Some took the route through Korea directly to Shanghai without passing through Japan. A group of thirty people, all possessing a visa of "Jakub Goldberg", were shuttled back and forth on the open sea for several weeks before finally being allowed to pass through Tsuruga.[35] Most of the around 20,000 Jews survived the Holocaust in the Shanghai ghetto until the Japanese surrender in 1945, three to four months following the collapse of the Third Reich itself.
Resignation
External image
image icon Sugihara and his wife in front of a gate in Prague. It reads "No Jews allowed" in German but "Jews allowed" in Czech, because someone scratched out the "no"
Sugihara was reassigned to Königsberg, East Prussia[34][page needed] before serving as a Consul General in Prague, Czechoslovakia, from March 1941 to late 1942 and in the legation in Bucharest, Romania from 1942 to 1944. He was promoted to the rank of third secretary in 1943, and was decorated with the Order of the Sacred Treasure, 5th Class, in 1944. When Soviet troops entered Romania, they imprisoned Sugihara and his family in a POW camp for eighteen months. They were released in 1946 and returned to Japan through the Soviet Union via the Trans-Siberian railroad and Nakhodka port. In 1947, the Japanese foreign office asked him to resign, nominally due to downsizing. Some sources, including his wife Yukiko Sugihara, have said that the Foreign Ministry told Sugihara he was dismissed because of "that incident" in Lithuania.[34][36]
Later life
Sugihara settled in Fujisawa in Kanagawa prefecture with his wife and three sons. To support his family he took a series of menial jobs, at one point selling light bulbs door to door. He suffered a personal tragedy in 1947 when his youngest son, Haruki, died at the age of seven, shortly after their return to Japan.[10] In 1949 they had one more son, Nobuki, who is the last son alive representing the Chiune Sugihara Family, residing in Belgium. Chiune Sugihara later began to work for an export company as general manager of a U.S. Military Post Exchange. Utilizing his command of the Russian language, Sugihara went on to work and live a low-key existence in the Soviet Union for sixteen years, while his family stayed in Japan.
In 1968, Yehoshua (alternatively spelled Jehoshua or Joshua) Nishri, an economic attaché to the Israeli Embassy in Tokyo and one of the Sugihara beneficiaries, finally located and contacted him. Nishri had been a Polish teen in the 1940s. The next year Sugihara visited Israel and was greeted by the Israeli government. Sugihara beneficiaries began to lobby for his recognition by Yad Vashem. In 1984, Yad Vashem recognised him as Righteous Among the Nations (Hebrew: חסידי אומות העולם, translit. Khasidei Umot ha-Olam).[37] Sugihara was too ill to travel to Israel, so his wife and youngest son Nobuki accepted the honor on his behalf.
In 1985, 45 years after the Soviet invasion of Lithuania, he was asked his reasons for issuing visas to the Jews. Sugihara explained that the refugees were human beings, and that they simply needed help.
You want to know about my motivation, don't you? Well. It is the kind of sentiments anyone would have when he actually sees refugees face to face, begging with tears in their eyes. He just cannot help but sympathize with them. Among the refugees were the elderly and women. They were so desperate that they went so far as to kiss my shoes. Yes, I actually witnessed such scenes with my own eyes. Also, I felt at that time, that the Japanese government did not have any uniform opinion in Tokyo. Some Japanese military leaders were just scared because of the pressure from the Nazis; while other officials in the Home Ministry were simply ambivalent. People in Tokyo were not united. I felt it silly to deal with them. So, I made up my mind not to wait for their reply. I knew that somebody would surely complain about me in the future. But, I myself thought this would be the right thing to do. There is nothing wrong in saving many people's lives... The spirit of humanity, philanthropy... neighborly friendship... with this spirit, I ventured to do what I did, confronting this most difficult situation – and because of this reason, I went ahead with redoubled courage.[38]
When asked by Moshe Zupnik why he risked his career to save other people, he said simply: "I do it just because I have pity on the people. They want to get out so I let them have the visas."
Chiune Sugihara died at a hospital in Kamakura, on 31 July 1986. Despite the publicity given him in Israel and other nations, he had remained virtually unknown in his home country. Only when a large Jewish delegation from around the world, including the Israeli ambassador to Japan, attended his funeral, did his neighbors find out what he had done.[36] His subsequent considerable posthumous acclaim contrasts with the obscurity in which he lived following the loss of his diplomatic career.[39]
Honor Restored
His death spotlighed his humanitarian acts during WW2 and created the opportunity to revise his reputation as a diplomat in his own country. In 1991 Muneo Suzuki, Parliamentaly Vice-President of Foreign Affairs, apologized to Chiune's family for the long-time unfair treatments of Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Official honor restoration by Japanese Government was made on October 10, 2000, when Foreign Minister Yohei Kono set the award plaque and gave a commendation speech at the ceremony for Sugihara at Diplomatic Archives.
Family
Yukiko Sugihara (1914–2008) – wife. Poet and author of "Visas for 6,000 Lives". Eldest daughter of high school principal in Kagawa Prefecture, granddaughter of Buddhist priest in Iwate Prefecture. Well versed in German. Member of Kanagawa Prefecture Poetry Committee and Selection Committee for Asahi Shimbun's Kadan poetry section. Author of Poetry Anthology: White Nights and other. Died on October 8, 2008
Hiroki Sugihara (1936–2001) – eldest son. Studied in California upon graduating from Shonan High School in Kanagawa Prefecture in Japan. Translated his mother's book Visas for Life into English.
Chiaki Sugihara (1938–2010) – second son. Born in Helsinki. Studied in California.
Haruki Sugihara (1940–1947) – third son. He was born in Kaunas. Died at the age of 7 of leukemia.
Monument of Chiune Sugihara in Waseda University
Nobuki Sugihara (1949–) – fourth son. Attended Hebrew University in Israel in 1968 at the invitation of the Israeli Foreign Ministry and the Jewish Fund. Represents the Sugihara family as the only surviving son of Chiune. Since his attendance at the award ceremony of the Sugihara Righteous Forest in the outskirt of Jerusalem on behalf of Chiune in 1985, Nobuki has been actively attending Chiune-related events around the world as the family's spokesperson. Nobuki also heads NPO Sugihara, registered in Belgium, in order to promote peace in the Middle East.
Grandchildren: Chiune Sugihara had 9 grandchildren (8 still alive) and 9 great-grandchildren.
Legacy and honors
Port of Humanity Tsuruga Museum in Tsuruga, Fukui, Japan contains a Sugihara Chiune Corner.
Sugihara Street in Vilnius, Lithuania, Chiune (Sempo) Sugihara Street in Jaffa, Israel, and the asteroid 25893 Sugihara are named after him.
In 1992, the town of Yaotsu opened the Park of Humanity, on a hill over looking the town. In 2000, the Sugihara Chiune Memorial Hall was opened to the public. Since its establishment, more than 600,000 visitors, Japanese and foreign, visited and studied about Sugihara and his virtue.
A corner for Sugihara Chiune is set up in the Port of Humanity Tsuruga Museum near Tsuruga Port, the place where many Jewish refugees arrived in Japan, in the city of Tsuruga, Fukui, Japan.[40]
The Sugihara House Museum is in Kaunas, Lithuania.[41] The Conservative synagogue Temple Emeth, in Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts, US, built a "Sugihara Memorial Garden"[42] and holds an Annual Sugihara Memorial Concert.
When Sugihara's widow Yukiko traveled to Jerusalem in 1998, she was met by tearful survivors who showed her the yellowing visas that her husband had signed. A park in Jerusalem is named after him. Sugihara appeared on a 1998 Israeli postage stamp. The Japanese government honored him on the centennial of his birth in 2000.[1]
In 2001, a sakura park with 200 trees was planted in Vilnius, Lithuania, to mark the 100th anniversary of Sugihara.[43]
In 2002, a memorial statue of Chiune Sugihara by Ramon G. Velazco titled "Chiune Sugihara Memorial, Hero of the Holocaust" was installed in the Little Tokyo neighborhood of Los Angeles, California, US. The life-size bronze statue depicts Sugihara seated on a bench and holding a hand-written visa. Adjacent to the statue is a granite boulder with dedication plaques and a quotation from the Talmud: "He who saves one life, saves the entire world."[44] Its dedication was attended by consuls from Japan, Israel and Lithuania, Los Angeles city officials and Sugihara's son, Chiaki Sugihara.[45] In 2015 the statue sustained vandalism damage to its surface.[44]
In 2007 he was posthumously awarded the Commander's Cross with the Star of the Order of Polonia Restituta,[46] and the Commander's Cross Order of Merit of the Republic of Poland by the President of Poland in 1996.[47]
Also, in 1993, he was awarded the Life Saving Cross of Lithuania. He was posthumously awarded the Sakura Award by the Japanese Canadian Cultural Centre (JCCC) in Toronto in November 2014.
In June 2016, a street in Netanya, Israel, was named for Sugihara in the presence of his son Nobuki, as a number of Netanya's current residents are descendants of the Lithuanian Jews who had been given a means of escaping the Third Reich.[48]
There is also a street named Rua Cônsul Chiune Sugihara in Londrina, Brazil.
The Lithuanian government declared 2020 "The Year of Chiune Sugihara", promising to erect a monument to him and issue postage stamps in his honor.[49]
Biographies
Levine, Hillel (4 November 1996). In Search of Sugihara: The Elusive Japanese Diplomat Who Risked his Life to Rescue 10,000 Jews From the Holocaust. Free Press. ISBN 978-0684832517.
Yukiko Sugihara, Visas for Life, translated by Hiroki Sugihara, San Francisco, Edu-Comm, 1995.
Yukiko Sugihara, Visas pour 6000 vies, traduit par Karine Chesneau, Ed. Philippe Picquier, 1995.
A Japanese TV station in Japan made a documentary film about Chiune Sugihara. This film was shot in Kaunas, at the place of the former embassy of Japan.
Sugihara: Conspiracy of Kindness (2000) from PBS shares details of Sugihara and his family and the fascinating relationship between the Jews and the Japanese in the 1930s and 1940s.[50]
On 11 October 2005, Yomiuri TV (Osaka) aired a two-hour-long drama entitled Visas for Life about Sugihara, based on his wife's book.[51]
Chris Tashima and Chris Donahue made a film about Sugihara in 1997, Visas and Virtue, which won the Academy Award for Live Action Short Film.[52]
A 2002 children's picture book, Passage to Freedom: The Sugihara Story, by Ken Mochizuki and illustrated by Dom Lee, is written from the perspective of Sugihara's young sons and in the voice of Hiroki Sugihara (age 5, at the time). The book also includes an afterword written by Hiroki Sugihara.
In 2015, Japanese fictional drama film Persona Non Grata (杉原千畝 スギハラチウネ) was produced, Toshiaki Karasawa played Sugihara.
Notable people helped by Sugihara
Leaders and students of the Mir Yeshiva, Yeshivas Tomchei Temimim (formally of Lubavitch/Lyubavichi, Russia) relocated to Otwock, Poland and elsewhere.
Yaakov Banai, commander of the Lehi movement's combat unit and later an Israeli military commander.
Joseph R. Fiszman, a noted scholar and Professor Emeritus of Political Science at the University of Oregon.[53]
Robert Lewin, a Polish art dealer and philanthropist.
Leo Melamed, financier, head of the Chicago Mercantile Exchange (CME), and pioneer of financial futures.
John G. Stoessinger, professor of diplomacy at the University of San Diego.
Zerach Warhaftig, an Israeli lawyer and politician, and a signatory of Israel's Declaration of Independence.
George Zames, control theorist
Bernard and Rochelle Zell, parents of business magnate Sam Zell
See also
Individuals and groups assisting Jews during the Holocaust
Aristides de Sousa Mendes
Varian Fry
Tatsuo Osako
Setsuzo Kotsuji
Giorgio Perlasca
John Rabe
Abdol Hossein Sardari
Oskar Schindler
Raoul Wallenberg
Nicholas Winton
Jan Zwartendijk
Persona Non Grata (2015 film)
Handful of Rain
References
^ a b c d e f Tenembaum B. "Sempo "Chiune" Sugihara, Japanese Savior". The International Raoul Wallenberg Foundation. Retrieved 3 April 2011.
^ a b Levine, Hillel (4 November 1996). In Search of Sugihara: The Elusive Japanese Diplomat Who Risked his Life to Rescue 10,000 Jews From the Holocaust. Free Press. p. 69. ISBN 978-0684832517.
Mochizuki, Ken; Lee, Dom (1997). Passage to Freedom : The Sugihara Story (1st ed.). New York: Lee & Low Books. Afterword. ISBN 1880000490. OCLC 35565958.
Liphshiz, Cnaan (23 May 2019). "Holocaust hero Chiune Sugihara's son sets record straight on his father's story". Times of Israel. Retrieved 25 April 2020.
The birthplace is recorded as Kouzuchi-town, Mugi district in the family registry of the Sugiharas
Pulvers, Roger (11 July 2015). "Chiune Sugihara: man of conscience". The Japan Times Online. ISSN 0447-5763. Retrieved 4 August 2017.
Masha Leon: ""Remembering Yukiko Sugihara", forward.com
(in French) Anne Frank au Pays du Manga – Diaporama : Le Fils du Juste, Arte, 2012
^ a b c Yukiko Sugihara (1995). Visas for life. Edu-Comm Plus. ISBN 978-0-9649674-0-3.
^ a b Sugihara, Seishiro (2001), Chiune Sugihara and Japan's Foreign Ministry, between Incompetence and Culpability. Lanham, MD: University Press of America.
"Polish-Japanese Secret Cooperation During World War II: Sugihara Chiune and Polish Intelligence". Asiatic Society of Japan. March 1995. Archived from the original on 16 July 2011. Retrieved 3 April 2011.
Cassedy, Ellen. "We Are Here: Facing History In Lithuania." Bridges: A Jewish Feminist Journal 12, no. 2 (2007): 77–85.
JDC, "Aiding Jews Overseas, Report of the American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee, Inc. for 1940 and the first 5 months of 1941" pp. 27–28, 39
JDC, "Aiding Jews Overseas, Report of the American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee, Inc. for 1941 and the first 5 months of 1942" pp. 15–16, 33.
JACAR.B04013208900, I-0881/0244
JACAR.B04013209400,I-0882/0102
Marthus, Jurgen "Jewish Responses to Persecution vol. III 1941–1942" p. 43
Warhaftig, Zorach (1988). Refugee and Survivor: Rescue Efforts during the Holocaust. Yad Vashem. ISBN 978-965308005-8.
Watanabe, Katsumasa (2000). 真相・杉原ビザ [The truth – Sugihara Visa] (in Japanese), Tokyo: Taisyo Syuppan
Jewcom. "Emigration from Japan, July 1940 – November 1941"
JACAR.B04013209600,0882/0245
Wolpe, David. "The Japanese Man Who Saved 6,000 Jews With His Handwriting."" New York Times. 15 October 2018. 15 October 2018.
Interview with Ann Curry on May 22, 2019 at the Museum of Jewish Heritage in NYC
Sakamoto, Pamela Rotner (1998). Japanese diplomats and Jewish refugees: a World War II dilemma. New York: Praeger. ISBN 978-0-275-96199-2.
Guryn, Andrzej. "Tadeusz Romer. Help for polish Jews in Far East
Japan Times and Asahi on 19 January 1985, as 6,000, Nikkei and Mainichi on 17 January 1985, as 4,500
Altman, Ilya. "The issuance of visas to war refugees by Chiune Sugihara as reflected in documents of Russian Archives" (2017)
JACAR.B04013209400,i-0882/0036
JACAR.B04013209100,I0881/0448
Kanno, Kenji. "The Arrival of Jewish Refugees to Wartime Japan as reported in the local newspaper Fukui Shinbun(Part I: 1940)" (PDF). ナマール(in Japanese). Kobe・Yudaya Kenkyukai. No 22 (2018).
ushmm "Polish Jews in Lithuania:Escape to Japan"
JACAR.B04013209700,I-0882/0326
Aleksandra Hądzelek (University of Technology Sydney, Australia) (2016). "The memory of Sugihara and the "visas for life" in Poland" (PDF). rcin.org.pl.
^ a b c Levine, Hillel (1996). In search of Sugihara: the elusive Japanese diplomat who risked his life to rescue 10,000 Jews from the Holocaust. New York: Free Press. ISBN 978-0-684-83251-7.
"The Asiatic Society of Japan". Archived from the original on 6 January 2015. Retrieved 26 May 2014.
^ a b Lee, Dom; Mochizuki, Ken (2003). Passage to Freedom: The Sugihara Story. New York: Lee & Low Books. ISBN 978-1-58430-157-8.
Hauser, Zvi (28 October 2020). "Persona non grata no more: Chiune Sugihara - analysis".
Levine, Hillel (1996). In search of Sugihara: the elusive Japanese diplomat who risked his life to rescue 10,000 Jews from the Holocaust. New York: Free Press.
Fogel, Joshua A. "The Recent Boom in Shanghai Studies." Journal of the History of Ideas 71, no. 2 (2010): 313–333.
"Port of Humanity Tsuruga Museum". Tmo-tsuruga.com. Retrieved 29 October 2016.
"Sugihara House Museum". Archived from the original on 5 February 2011. Retrieved 3 April 2011.
"Inside Our Walls". Retrieved 3 April 2011.
"Chiune Sugihara sakura park - Vilnius". wikimapia.org. Retrieved 29 July 2019.
^ a b "Statue of Chiune Sugihara (Chiune Sugihara Memorial)". Public Art in Public Places. 3 March 2020. Retrieved 5 March 2020.
Kyodo News International, Inc. "Sugihara statue dedicated in L.A.'s Little Tokyo". The Free Library. Retrieved 5 March 2020.
"2007 Order of Polonia Restituta" (PDF). Retrieved 3 April 2011.
"1996 Order of Merit of the Republic of Poland" (PDF). Retrieved 3 April 2011.
"Israel names street after diplomat Sugihara, who issued 'visas for life' to Jews during WWII". japantimes.co.jp. The Japan Times. 8 June 2016. Retrieved 8 June 2016.
A ceremony on a planned street named after the late Japanese diplomat Chiune Sugihara was held in Netanya, Israel, on Tuesday. Sugihara issued transit visas to thousands of Jews people during World War II, which later came to be known as "visas for life," as they saved many from Nazi persecution. Netanya is known as a place where many Jews arrived after fleeing from the oppression thanks to visas issued by Sugihara. The plan to build the street marks 30 years since Sugihara's death. "It's such an honor. I wish my father was here," said Sugihara's fourth son, Nobuki, 67.
Rankin, Jennifer (4 January 2020). "My father, the quiet hero: how Japan's Schindler saved 6,000 Jews". The Guardian. Retrieved 5 January 2020.
"Sugihara: Conspiracy of Kindness | PBS". Retrieved 3 April 2011.
"Visas that Saved Lives, The Story of Chiune Sugihara (Holocaust Film Drama)". Archived from the original on 18 December 2010. Retrieved 3 April 2011.
"Visas and Virtue (2001) – IMDb". Retrieved 3 April 2011.
Fiszman, Rachele. "In Memoriam." PS: Political Science and Politics 33, no. 3 (2000): 659–60.
Further reading
Esin Ayirtman - Sugihara (2020) Chiune Sugihara ISBN 978-9464007862
Yukiko Sugihara (1995), Visas for Life, translation by Hiroki Sugihara and Anne Hoshiko Akabori, Edu-Comm Plus Editors, ISBN 978-0964967403
Yutaka Taniuchi (2001), The miraculous visas – Chiune Sugihara and the story of the 6000 Jews, New York: Gefen Books. ISBN 978-4-89798-565-7
Seishiro Sugihara & Norman Hu (2001), Chiune Sugihara and Japan's Foreign Ministry : Between Incompetence and Culpability, University Press of America. ISBN 978-0-7618-1971-4
Ganor, Solly (2003). Light One Candle: A Survivor's Tale from Lithuania to Jerusalem. Kodansha America. ISBN 978-1-56836-352-3.
Gold, Alison Leslie (2000). A Special Fate: Chiune Sugihara: Hero Of The Holocaust. New York: Scholastic. ISBN 978-0-439-25968-2.
Kranzler, David (1988). Japanese, Nazis and Jews: The Jewish Refugee Community of Shanghai, 1938–1945. Ktav Pub Inc. ISBN 978-0-88125-086-2.
Saul, Eric (1995). Visas for Life : The Remarkable Story of Chiune & Yukiko Sugihara and the Rescue of Thousands of Jews. San Francisco: Holocaust Oral History Project. ISBN 978-0-9648999-0-2.
Iwry, Samuel (2004). To Wear the Dust of War: From Bialystok to Shanghai to the Promised Land, an Oral History (Palgrave Studies in Oral History). Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 978-1-4039-6576-9.
Paldiel, Mordecai (2007). Diplomat heroes of the Holocaust. Jersey City, NJ: distrib. by Ktav Publishing House. ISBN 978-0-88125-909-4.
Sakamoto, Pamela Rotner (1998). Japanese diplomats and Jewish refugees: a World War II dilemma. New York: Praeger. ISBN 978-0-275-96199-2.
Staliunas, Darius; Stefan Schreiner; Leonidas Donskis; Alvydas Nikzentaitis (2004). The vanished world of Lithuanian Jews. Amsterdam: Rodopi. ISBN 978-90-420-0850-2.
Steinhouse, Carl L (2004). Righteous and Courageous: How a Japanese Diplomat Saved Thousands of Jews in Lithuania from the Holocaust. Authorhouse. ISBN 978-1-4184-2079-6.
Ten Green Bottles: The True Story of One Family's Journey from War-torn Austria to the Ghettos of Shanghai by Vivian Jeanette Kaplan (St. Martin's Press, 2004) ISBN 0-312-33054-5
J.W.M. Chapman, "Japan in Poland's Secret Neighbourhood War" in Japan Forum No. 2, 1995.
Ewa Pałasz-Rutkowska & Andrzej T. Romer, "Polish-Japanese co-operation during World War II" in Japan Forum No. 7, 1995.
Takesato Watanabe (1999), "The Revisionist Fallacy in The Japanese Media 1 – Case Studies of Denial of Nazi Gas Chambers and NHK's Report on Japanese & Jews Relations" in Social Sciences Review, Doshisha University, No. 59.
Gerhard Krebs, Die Juden und der Ferne Osten at the Wayback Machine (archived 5 November 2005), NOAG 175–176, 2004.
Gerhard Krebs, "The Jewish Problem in Japanese-German Relations 1933–1945" in Bruce Reynolds (ed.), Japan in Fascist Era, New York, 2004.
Jonathan Goldstein, "The Case of Jan Zwartendijk in Lithuania, 1940" in Deffry M. Diefendorf (ed.), New Currents in Holocaust Research, Lessons and Legacies, vol. VI, Northwestern University Press, 2004.
Hideko Mitsui, "Longing for the Other : traitors' cosmopolitanism" in Social Anthropology, Vol 18, Issue 4, November 2010, European Association of Social Anthropologists.
"Lithuania at the beginning of WWII"
George Johnstone, "Japan's Sugihara came to Jews' rescue during WWII" in Investor's Business Daily, 8 December 2011.
William Kaplan, One More Border: The True Story of One Family's Escape from War-Torn Europe, ISBN 0-88899-332-3
External links
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to:
Chiune Sugihara (category)
[1]
Official NPO SUGIHARA
The Chiune Sugihara Memorial Hall in Yaotsu Town
Google honors Chiune Sugihara with Doodle
NPO Chiune Sugihara. Visas For Life Foundation in Japan
Chiune Sugihara Centennial Celebration
Jewish Virtual Library: Chiune and Yukiko Sugihara
Revisiting the Sugihara Story from Holocaust Survivors and Remembrance Project: "Forget You Not"
Visas for Life Foundation
Immortal Chaplains Foundation Prize for Humanity 2000 (awarded to Sugihara in 2000)
Foreign Ministry says no disciplinary action for "Japan's Schindler"
Foreign Ministry honors Chiune Sugihara by setting his Commemorative Plaque (10 October 2000)
Japanese recognition of countryman
Chiune Sempo Sugihara – Righteous Among the Nations – Yad Vashem
United States Holocaust Memorial Museum – Online Exhibition Chiune (Sempo) Sugihara
Yukiko Sugihara's Farewell on YouTube
Sugihara Museum in Kaunas, Lithuania
Interview Nobuki Sugihara
Chiune Sugihara at Find a Grave
Ilko Allexandroff Photography on Facebook
©2010 Ilko Allexandroff | Website | Facebook | Twitter | Photo-forum |
Strobist info:
Canon 580EXII in a 80x60 Gridded Softbox - Camera Left
Nikon SB-26 with a shoot-through umbrella - Camera Right with a Blue Filter
Nude Nikon SB-26 behind me for the blue glow, with a Blue Filter
Nikon SB-26 with a DIY Grid Spot camera left
580EXII Triggered by Pocket Wizard II Plus, and Phottix Atlas trigger on the camera body
All three Nikon SB-26s are triggered by Optical Slave
Sometimes I really love playing around and shooting one of the most difficult to please models in the world, but in many cases it's the only one I have - Myself! ;) I've been quite busy recently and didn't have time to take a lot of photos, but now since I finished my studies I'm gonna have time and do some more self portraits, so this will be the first from the series I'm thinking about!
That was a damn cold night in Kobe, don't ask me how I motivated myself to go out in the middle of the night and do this! So, about the setup I'm using, my main light is coming from a gridded 80x60cm softbox on the left of the camera, I wanted to have some cool light on myself here! And for some fill on the right I'm having a shoot through umbrella with a Nikon SB-26 and a blue gel. I'm using some blue gels on this shot to make up a little the atmosphere the way I wanted it to be, a little colder. Also behind me you can see one more blue gelled Nikon SB-26, and there is also a gridded flash on the left side. That one I use to put some more detail on the objects in front of me, and I gridded it to restrict the light that I didn't want to hit me.
Ilko Allexandroff Photography on Facebook
©2010 Ilko Allexandroff | Website | Facebook | Twitter | Photo-forum |
Strobist info:
Canon 580EXII in a 80x60 Gridded Softbox - Camera Left
Nikon SB-26 with a shoot-through umbrella - Camera Right with a Blue Filter
Nikon SB-26 with a DIY Grid Spot camera left
580EXII Triggered by Pocket Wizard II Plus, and Phottix Atlas trigger on the camera body
All three Nikon SB-26s are triggered by Optical Slave
Sometimes I really love playing around and shooting one of the most difficult to please models in the world, but in many cases it's the only one I have - Myself! ;) I've been quite busy recently and didn't have time to take a lot of photos, but now since I finished my studies I'm gonna have time and do some more self portraits, so this will be the first from the series I'm thinking about!
That was a damn cold night in Kobe, don't ask me how I motivated myself to go out in the middle of the night and do this! So, about the setup I'm using, my main light is coming from a gridded 80x60cm softbox on the left of the camera, I wanted to have some cool light on myself here! And for some fill on the right I'm having a shoot through umbrella with a Nikon SB-26 and a blue gel. I'm using some blue gels on this shot to make up a little the atmosphere the way I wanted it to be, a little colder. Also behind me you can see one more blue gelled Nikon SB-26, and there is also a gridded flash on the left side. That one I use to put some more detail on the objects in front of me, and I gridded it to restrict the light that I didn't want to hit me.
-Photo: Hoang HK
-Model : Vic Angel
-Make up : Ivan Lee
-Costume designer :Ivan Lee
- Copyright of KOBE Studio (kobe-studio.net)
-Photo: Hoang HK
-Model : Vic Angel
-Make up : Ivan Lee
-Costume designer :Ivan Lee
- Copyright of KOBE Studio (kobe-studio.net)
Scroll down!
Montblanc Friedrich II the Great Fountain Pen - Limited Edition 4810 (1999):
First in a series of YouTube videos re: Frederick The Great Documentary - Biography of the life of Frederick The Great. youtu.be/vGLsE1wq3fg
For excellent pen photos please see Peyton Street Pens, Santa Cruz, CA, USA.
www.peytonstreetpens.com/montblanc-friedrich-ii-the-great...
I received permission from Teri to post the photos that they took of this nice pen that I am currently unable to afford. USD$950.00 is a great price! I returned within hours and could not find the pen so it had likely already been sold.
Type Limited edition fountain pen:
Product Name:
Montblanc Patron of Arts Friedrich II the Great, marked #933 of 4810.
Manufacturer and Year: Montblanc, Germany, 1999.
Length: 4-1/2" capped, 5-3/8" posted.
Filling System: Cartridge fill only. Tested and working well.
Colour: Gold plated.
Nib: BROAD 18k nib.
Frederick the Great was anything but an ordinary king. He is a celebrated historical figure, not only because he saw himself as the "first servant of the people", and because of his Prussian discipline, but also because under his rule art and culture underwent a revival. Sanssouci Palace became a centre of attraction for intellectuals, artists and writers from all over Europe. Frederick himself wrote numerous philosophical works with his friend Voltaire, including the famous "Antimachiavelli".
Just as extraordinary as this Prussian king is the Patron of Art Edition Friedrich II the Great made in his honor. The gold-platted barrel of Edition 4810 is decorated by two rings embellished with a pattern of curves. These, like the elegant clip, are also gold-plated. Edition 888 is decorated with rings of 950 platinum, and its barrel and cap are made of 750 white gold. A feature shared by the two editions is the 18-carat gold nib, which carries an engraving of the royal monogram of "Fredericus Rex" An ingenious mechanism enables the pen to be screwed back into the barrel to protect it.
Charlottenburg Palace has him to thank for a new rococo wing, while he also gave Berlin its Opera House, its old library and the Catholic church of St. Hedwig. Friedrich II the Great went down in history as a military commander and a humanitarian philosopher.
The barrel of the Limited Edition Friedrich II the Great features two finely crafted bands with a pattern of interlinking arches. The 18-carat gold nib bears the engraved signet Fredericus Rex as a tribute to the monarch from whom the pen takes its name.
Features:
Just as extraordinary as this Prussian king is the Patron of Art Edition Friedrich II the Great made in his honour.
The gold-plated barrel of Edition 4810 is decorated by two rings embellished with a pattern of curves.
These, like the elegant clip, are also gold plated.
Launched in 1999.
Margaret Anne Foundation, Canada.
Margaret Anne Mitchell:
July 17, 1925 to March 8, 2017 Margaret Mitchell, former Member of Parliament for Vancouver East and a champion of women's rights and social justice throughout her life passed away peacefully at home on March 8, 2017. It does not surprise any of us that Margret chose to leave us on this day where women around the world are celebrating International Women's Day. Margaret is predeceased by her husband, Claude Mitchell, her two brothers Bill and Ted Learoyd and sister, Betty Speers. Margaret grew up in Cayuga, Ontario. She graduated with a BA from McMaster University and M.S.W from University of Toronto. Margaret served Canada overseas through the Canadian Red cross in Korea, Japan, Australia and Austria. Her work with the Settlement House in Toronto and the Neighbourhood Association in Vancouver established her as a pioneer in community development, a social work practice which persists in putting power in the hands of communities to make decisions affecting their lives. Prior to entering politics, she served as a Manager with the Vancouver Resources Board which integrated social services and decentralized service delivery and decision making. Margaret served in the House of Commons as an MP for Vancouver East from 1979 to 1993. She voted against a pay raise during this time and donated the additional pay to the Vancity Community Foundation which established the Margaret Mitchell Fund for Women. Margaret was, at her core, an advocate for women. In 1982, she stood up in Parliament to demand government action to stop domestic violence. When male members of Parliament responded by laughing as she addressed the issue, she furiously replied: 'This is no laughing matter, Madam Speaker.' Thousands of Canadians agreed, calling for immediate action to end violence against women and inspiring activism and services for women across the country. Many years later, she published an autobiography titled 'No Laughing Matter.' Margaret was the NDP critic in the House of Commons for Immigration, Housing, Status of Women, Health and Welfare, Multiculturalism and Citizenship. She was the first MP to have raised the issue of Chinese head tax in the House of Commons. Margaret pressed the government to decriminalize abortion, worked with First Nations Women for the reinstatement of status under the Indian Act and supported a national childcare programme. Margaret is the recipient of many honours and recognitions, including the Order of British Columbia and Freedom to the City, from the City of Vancouver. Margaret leaves behind several nieces and nephews and their families, many close friends and colleagues. With a wonderful depth of humour, integrity and passion, Margaret contributed profoundly to Canada and to the world by promoting equal rights, justice. This is her legacy, a legacy that will continue to empower and inspire all of us who admired, loved and respected her. A celebration of her life will be held at a later date. Special thanks to Care At Home Services for their professional care at home which made it possible for Margaret to stay at her own home right until the end. For anyone wishing to donate, she would ask you to continue her work on behalf of low income and racialized women in East Vancouver by contributing to the Margaret Mitchell Fund for Women held at the Vancity Community Foundation.
Dina Vierny, France:
Description: Dina Vierny was an artists' model who became a singer, French art dealer, collector and museum director. Born as Dina Aibinder into a Jewish family in Kishinev, Bessarabia, she was Aristide Maillol's muse for the last ten years of his life. Wikipedia
Born: January 25, 1919, Chișinău, Moldova.
Died: January 20, 2009, Paris, France.
Children: Olivier Lorquin, Bertrand Lorquin.
Movies: Altitude 3200, Dina Vierny, Youth in Revolt
Awards: Legion of Honour.
YouTube: youtu.be/3NkCMlf9-C0
Irene Mössinger, Germany:
The Tempodrom (also referred to as Neues Tempodrom) is a multi-purpose event venue in Berlin.
Address: Möckernstraße 10
10963 Berlin Germany.
Location: Kreuzberg.
Capacity: 3,500 (Big Arena) 400 (Small Arena:
General information:
Groundbreaking: 21 May 2000.
Opened: 1 December 2001.
Inaugurated: 8 December 2001.
Relocated: 1985, 1999.
Renovation cost; DM 35.8 million ($21.5 million in 2009 [1]).
Renovating team:
Architect: Gerkan, Marg and Partners.
Structural engineer: Schlaich Bergermann Partner.
Civil engineer: Krentel.
Other designers:
Energie system technik, Krupp Stahlbau BeSB.
Founded by Irene Moessinger, it opened in 1980 next to the Berlin Wall on the west side of Potsdamer Platz, housed in a large circus tent. After several changes of location it is now housed in a permanent building in the Kreuzberg neighbourhood.
Moessinger had recently become a nursewhen she came into an 800,000 markinheritance from her father; it was this bequest that she used to start the Tempodrom in a circus tent.[2] Her initial funds were quickly exhausted and the following year the Berlin Senate agreed to contribute funds to keep the operation going.
The original location attracted noise complaints, and in 1985 the Tempodrom moved to a site in the Tiergarten, where it remained until displaced by construction of the new German Chancellery. At this time a new construction of the current building was proposed, and the tents moved to a temporary site during construction. In May 1999, the venue moved to another temporary location near the Ostbahnhof.
In 2001, a permanent venue was finally constructed on the site of the old Anhalter Bahnhof, whose war-damaged ruins had been demolished in 1960. While a small section of the old station façade was retained (and is still standing), the entire train shed was removed, leaving a large open area. The new Tempodrom was erected in the center of this area, with a playing field lying between it and the façade remnant, and a wooded area extending in the other direction towards the Landwehr Canal. The firm of Von Garkan, Marg und Partner (GMP) was retained to design the new building. The basic floor plan is square, accommodating three performance spaces as well as a bistro and various offices and restrooms, underneath a wooden-floored terrace which hosts a beer garden in season.[3] The two arenas are both circular, with the larger, centrally located space covered by a 37 metres (121 ft) steel and concrete panel roof intended to echo the form of the tents of the original site. This space can accommodate 3,500 patrons; the smaller arena seats 400. The third space is the "Liquidrom", a thermal bath/spa establishment featuring a 43 feet (13 m) diameter salt water bath fitted with underwater speakers to provide a multi-sensory spa experience, three saunas at temperatures of 55, 80 and 90 degrees Celsius, a steam bath room along with various massage services.[4] The 135,000 square foot (12,500 m2) building was completed in 2001 at a cost of nearly $36 million, over twice the original budget.[5]Scandal over the overruns led to the resignation of State Senator Peter Strieder [de], who was in charge of the Urban Development department.
The Tempodrom corporation went into bankruptcy in 2005 and was operated by a receiver, with Moessinger retiring as director. She and former Director Norbert Waehl were tried for embezzlement but were acquitted in 2008.[6] The Tempodrom is now operated by the Bremer KPS Group, who took over in April 2010 in the face of a foreclosure threat by Landesbank Berlin.
Tempodrom continues in operation and hosts a wide variety of events.
Notable performers:
Alanis Morissette
Amy Macdonald
Backstreet Boys
Bastille
Björk
Celtic Woman
The Cure
Harry Styles
Iggy Pop
James Taylor
Jamie-Lee
Janet Jackson
Joan Baez
Josh Groban
Keane
Kylie Minogue
Lorde
The Lumineers
Matt White
Monsta X
Niall Horan
Nick Cave and the Bad Seeds
Nicki Minaj
Norah Jones
Olly Murs
Pet Shop Boys
Ramones
Roger Hodgson
Sade
Severina
Snow Patrol
Take That
Tangerine Dream
Tears for Fears
Tori Amos
Troye Sivan
Vanessa Mai
Vasco Rossi
Zara Larsson
Notable events:
German Masters, snooker tournament.
Jean M. Wong, Hong Kong:
Jean Wong - Ballet school principal
Within minutes of meeting Jean Wong at the Sha Tin studio of her ballet school, her love for her art and her students is palpable. Sitting ruler-straight on a chair, she nods approvingly at star pupil Lam Chun-wing and offers him valuable nuggets of advice about make-up and posture.
Wong, who founded the Jean M Wong School of Ballet 51 years ago, credits her mother with helping her find her calling as a ballerina and teacher. 'My mother had a very sharp eye for beauty, and I think that greatly influenced my life. She would take me to see Chinese operas and old Hollywood movies, which definitely made an imprint on my mind,' says Wong, who is from Shanghai.
Her first artistic encounter was music when she learned to play the piano. She also learned to paint. Ballet came later and it was like love at first sight. 'My hobby and pleasure in life is ballet. Looking back, ballet combines all the arts - painting because of the sceneries, music and drama,' says Wong, who went to London to study at the teacher-training college of the Royal Academy of Dance in 1956. She returned brimming with ballet theories and was determined to put into practice what she had mastered. In 1960, and 'not knowing that I needed to pay rent, I just started my own school', Wong says. 'But I think I had so much passion that word soon spread and I had more students, including children from famous families.'
Wong says promoting the tradition of ballet in Hong Kong remains a challenge to this day. She says: 'You have to communicate with the children and the parents. Ballet doesn't have a long history in Hong Kong, so you don't expect [them] to understand its tradition.' Wong encourages her students and their families to buy ballet DVDs and to see ballet performances so that they can appreciate the art form.Of all things taught to her students, Wong considers discipline the most important.'You can't become anybody of importance without self-control, especially for a dancer,' she says. 'Everything in ballet has to be perfect. A desire to reach perfection is important for ballerinas.'
Wong says she inherited discipline from her father, a banker who was strict but generous. 'He helped a lot of people who were in difficulties. I think that was one of the reasons I started the Tsinforn C Wong Memorial Scholarship.' Established in 1973 as the Tsinforn C Wong Scholarship, it was renamed the Tsinforn C. Wong Memorial Scholarship in 1983 in remembrance of Wong's late father. Wong attributes her achievements to her 'sheer dedication and absolute commitment'. 'I'll never say 'that's enough',' says Wong, adding that she doesn't want to retire because for her retiring means moving backwards. 'I hate to think that I'm going backwards. I've always wanted to go forward. That's my motto.'
Fernando Giulini, Italy: (minimal on line)
Professionista nel settore Ricerca
FCG CONSULTING Srl
Milano, Italia.
Tatsuya Nakadai, Japan:
Tatsuya Nakadai is a Japanese film actor famous for the wide variety of characters he has portrayed and many collaborations with famous Japanese film directors. Wikipedia
Born: December 13, 1932 (age 87 years), Gohongi, Tokyo, Japan
Height: 1.78 m.
Spouse: Yasuko Miyazaki (m. 1957–1996).
Children: Nao Nakadai.
Siblings: Keigo Nakadai.
Tatsuya Nakadai (仲代 達矢, Nakadai Tatsuya, born Motohisa Nakadai; December 13, 1932) is a Japanese film actor famous for the wide variety of characters he has portrayed and many collaborations with famous Japanese film directors.[1]
Born: Motohisa Nakadai (仲代 元久)
December 13, 1932(age 87). Tokyo, Japan
Occupation: Actor.
Years active: 1954–present
Height:: 1.78 m (5 ft 10 in)
He was featured in 11 films directed by Masaki Kobayashi, including The Human Condition trilogy, wherein he starred as the lead character Kaji, plus Harakiri, Samurai Rebellion and Kwaidan.
Nakadai worked with a number of Japan's best-known filmmakers—starring or co-starring in five films directed by Akira Kurosawa, as well as being cast in significant films directed by Hiroshi Teshigahara (The Face of Another), Mikio Naruse (When a Woman Ascends the Stairs), Kihachi Okamoto (Kill! and The Sword of Doom), Hideo Gosha (Goyokin), Shirō Toyoda(Portrait of Hell) and Kon Ichikawa (Enjō and Odd Obsession).
Biography:
Nakadai grew up in a very poor family and was unable to afford a university education, prompting him to take up acting. He greatly admired American films and was a fan of actors such as John Wayne and Marlon Brando. He also picked up a liking of Broadway musicals, and travels once a year to New York City to watch them. Nakadai was working as a shop clerk in Tokyo before a chance encounter with director Masaki Kobayashi led to him being cast in the film The Thick Walled Room. The following year, he made a brief and uncredited cameo in Akira Kurosawa's Seven Samurai where he is seen for a few seconds as a samurai walking through town.[2] Nakadai's role in Seven Samurai is technically his debut as The Thick-Walled Room's release was delayed for three years due to controversial subject matter. His major breakthrough as an actor came when he was given the part of Jo, a young yakuza in Black River, another film directed by Kobayashi. Nakadai continued to work with Kobayashi into the 1960s and won his first Blue Ribbon Award for his role in Harakiri (his personal favorite among his own films) as the aging rōnin Hanshiro Tsugumo.
Nakadai appeared in two more Kurosawa films from the 1980s. In Kagemusha Nakadai plays both the titular thief turned body-double and the famous daimyō Takeda Shingen whom the thief is tasked with impersonating. This dual role helped him win his second Blue Ribbon Award for Best Actor. In Ran Nakadai plays another daimyo, Hidetora Ichimonji (loosely based on King Lear from Shakespeare's play King Lear and inspired by the historical daimyo Mōri Motonari).
He taught and trained promising young actors including Kōji Yakusho, Mayumi Wakamura, Tōru Masuoka, Azusa Watanabe, Kenichi Takitō and others.[3]
In 2015, he received the Order of Culture.[4][5]
Filmography:
Film:
Year Title Role Director Notes:
1954 Seven Samurai Samurai Wandering Through Town Akira Kurosawa Uncredited
1956 Hi no tori Keiichi Naganuma Umetsugu Inoue
Hadashi no Seishun Yūji Wada Senkichi Taniguchi
Sazae-san Norisuke Namino Nobuo Aoyagi
Oshidori no Ma Andō Keigo Kimura
1957 Black RiverJoe Masaki Kobayashi
Oban Shin-don Yasuki Chiba
Untamed Kimura Mikio Naruse
Hikage no Musume Motohashi Shūe Matsubayashi
Zoku Oban: Fuunhen Shin-don Yasuki Chiba
A Dangerous Hero (Kiken na eiyu) Imamura Hideo Suzuki
Zokuzoku Oban: Dotouhen Shin-don Yasuki Chiba
Sazae's Youth (Sazae-san no seishun) Norisuke Namino Nobuo Aoyagi
1958A Boy and Three MothersKensaku Seiji Hisamatsu
All About Marriage (Kekkon no subete) Akira Nakayama Kihachi Okamoto
Go and Get It (Buttsuke honban) Hara Kozo Saeki
Enjō Togari Kon Ichikawa
Naked Sun Jirō Maeda Miyoji Ieki
1959 The Human Condition: No Greater Love Kaji Masaki Kobayashi Lead role
Odd Obsession Kimura Kon Ichikawa
The Human Condition: Road to Eternity Kaji Masaki Kobayashi Lead role
Yaju shisubeshi Kunihiko Date Eizo Sugawa Lead role
Three Dolls in Ginza (Ginza no onéchan) Kyōsuke Tamura Toshio Sugie
An'ya Kōro Kaname Shirō Toyoda
1960 When a Woman Ascends the Stairs Kenichi Komatsu Mikio Naruse
Daughters, Wives, and a Mother (Musume tsuma haha) Shingo Kuroki Mikio Naruse
The Blue Beast (Aoi yaju) Yasuhiko Kuroki Hiromichi Horikawa
Get 'em All ("Minagoroshi no uta" yori kenju-yo saraba!) Tsubota Eizō Sugawa
1961 The Other Woman (Tsuma to shite onna to shite) Minami Mikio Naruse
Yojimbo Unosuke Akira Kurosawa
The Human Condition: A Soldier's PrayerKaji Masaki Kobayashi Lead role
Kumo ga chigieru toki James Kimura Heinosuke Gosho
Immortal Love Heibei Keisuke Kinoshita
1962 Sanjuro Muroto Hanbei Akira Kurosawa
Love Under the Crucifix (Oginsama) Takayama Ukon Kinuyo Tanaka Lead role
The Inheritance (Karami-ai) Kikuo Furukawa Masaki Kobayashi
Harakiri Tsugumo Hanshirō Masaki Kobayashi Lead role
Madame Aki Uojirō Tatsumi Shirō Toyoda
1963 High and Low Chief Detective Tokura Akira Kurosawa
Pressure of Guilt (Shiro to kuro) Ichirō Hamano Hiromichi Horikawa Lead role
The Legacy of the 500,000 (Gojuman-nin no isan) Mitsuru Gunji Toshiro Mifune
Miren Ryōta Kinoshita Yasuki Chiba
A Woman's Life (Onna no rekishi) Takashi Akimoto Mikio Naruse
1964 Arijigoku sakusenIshiki Takashi Tsuboshima Lead role
Kwaidan Minokichi Masaki Kobayashi Lead role
1965 Saigo no shinpan Jirō Hiromichi Horikawa Lead role
Fort Graveyard (Chi to suna) Sakuma Kihachi Okamoto
Illusion of Blood Iemon Shirō Toyoda Lead role
1966 Cash Calls Hell (Gohiki no shinshi) Oida Hideo Gosha Lead role
The Sword of Doom Ryunosuke Tsukueb Kihachi Okamoto Lead role [6]
The Face of Another Mr. Okuyama Hiroshi Teshigahara Lead role
The Daphne (Jinchoge) Professor Kanahira Yasuki Chiba
1967 The Age of Assassins (Satsujin kyo jidai) Shinji Kikyo Kihachi Okamoto Lead role
Kojiro Miyamoto Musashi Hiroshi Inagaki
Samurai Rebellion Asano Tatewaki Masaki Kobayashi
Japan's Longest Day Narrator Kihachi Okamoto
1968 Today We Kill, Tomorrow We Die! James Elfego Tonino Cervi
Kill! Genta Kihachi Okamoto Lead role
Admiral Yamamoto Narrator Seiji Maruyama
The Human Bullet Narrator Kihachi Okamoto
1969 Goyokin Magobei Hideo Gosha Lead role
Eiko's 5000 Kilograms (Eiko e no 5,000 kiro) Takeuchi Koreyoshi Kurahara
The Battle of the Japan Sea (Nihonkai daikaisen) Akashi Motojiro Seiji Maruyama
Hitokiri Takechi Hanpeita Hideo Gosha
Blood End (Tengu-to) Sentarō Satsuo Yamamoto Lead role
Portrait of Hell Yoshihide Shirō Toyoda Lead role
1970 Duel at Ezo (Ezo yakata no ketto) Daizennokami Honjo Kengo Furusawa
Bakumatsu Nakaoka Shintarō Daisuke Itō
The Scandalous Adventures of Buraikan Kataoka Naojirō Masahiro Shinoda
Zatoichi Goes to the Fire Festival Ronin Kenji Misumi
Will to Conquer (Tenka no abarembo) Yoshida Tōyō Seiji Maruyama
1971 Inn of Evil (Inochi boni furo) Sadashichi Masaki Kobayashi Lead role
Battle of Okinawa Colonel Hiromichi Yahara Kihachi Okamoto Lead role
The Wolves (Shussho Iwai) Seji Iwahashi Hideo Gosha Lead role
1973 Osho Sekine Hiromichi Horikawa
The Human Revolution Nichiren Toshio Masuda
Rise, Fair Sun Sakuzo Kei Kumai Lead role
1974 Karei-naru Ichizoku Teppei Manpyō Satsuo Yamamoto Lead role
1975 The Gate of Youth (Seishun no mon) Jūzō Ibuki Kirio Urayama
Tokkan Hijikata Toshizō Kihachi Okamoto
I Am a Cat (Wagahai wa neko de aru) Kushami Chin'no Kon Ichikawa Lead role
Kinkanshoku Yasuo Hoshino Satsuo Yamamoto Lead role
1976 Banka Setsuo Katsuragi Yoshisuke Kawasaki
Zoku ningen kakumei Nichiren Toshio Masuda
Fumō Chitai Tadashi Iki Satsuo Yamamoto Lead role
1977 Sugata Sanshiro Shōgorō Yano Kihachi Okamoto
1978 Blue Christmas Minami Kihachi Okamoto
Rhyme of Vengeance (Jo-oh-bachi) Ginzo Daidoji Kon Ichikawa
Bandits vs. Samurai Squadron Kumokiri Nizaemon Hideo Gosha Lead role
Hi no Tori (Hi no tori) Ninigi Kon Ichikawa
1979 Hunter in the Dark (Yami no karyudo) Gomyo Kiyoemon Hideo Gosha Lead role
1980 Kagemusha Takeda Shingen / Kagemusha Akira KurosawaLead role
The Battle of Port Arthur (also known as 203 kochi) [7] General Yogi Maresuke Toshio Masuda Lead role
1981 Willful Murder Yashiro Kei Kumai Lead role
1982 Onimasa Masagoro Kiryuin Hideo Gosha Lead role
1984 Fireflies in the North Takeshi Tsukigata Hideo Gosha Lead role
1985 Ran Lord Hidetora Ichimonji Akira Kurosawa Lead role
The Empty Table (Shokutaku no nai ie) Nobuyuki Kidoji Masaki Kobayashi Lead role
1986 Atami satsujin jiken Denbei NikaidoKazuo Takahashi Lead role
1987 Hachiko Monogatari Hidejiro Ueno Seijirō Kōyama Lead role
1988 Return from the River Kwai Major HaradaAndrew V. McLaglen
Oracion (Yushun) Heihachiro Wagu Shigemichi Sugita
1989 Four Days of Snow and Blood (Ni-ni-roku) Hajime Sugiyama Hideo Gosha
1991 Heat Wave (Kagero) Tsunejiro Murai Hideo Gosha
Florence My Love Sakazaki Seiji Izumi
1992 The Wicked City Daishu (Yuen Tai Chung) Mak Tai-Kit
Basara – The Princess Goh (Goh-hime) Furuta Oribe Hiroshi Teshigahara
Tōki Rakujitsu Sakae Kobayashi Seijirō Kōyama
1993 Lone Wolf and Cub: Final Conflict Yagyu Retsudo Akira Inoue
Summer of the Moonlight Sonata (Gekko no natsu) Kazama (postwar) Seijirō Kōyama
1995 East Meets West Katsu Rintarō Kihachi Okamoto
1996 Miyazawa Kenji sonoai Seijirō Miyazawa Seijirō Kōyama
1999 After the Rain Tsuji Gettan Takashi Koizumi
Spellbound Hideaki Sasaki Masato Harada
2001 Vengeance for Sale (Sukedachi-ya Sukeroku) Umetaro Katakura Kihachi Okamoto
2002 To Dance With the White Dog (Shiroi inu to Waltz wo) Eisuke Nakamoto Takashi Tsukinoki Lead role
Dawn of a New Day: The Man Behind VHS Konosuke Matsushita Kiyoshi Sasabe
2003 Like Asura Kotaro Takezawa Yoshimitsu Morita
2005 Yamato Katsumi Kamio (75 years old) Junya Sato
2006 The Inugamis Sahei Inugami Kon Ichikawa
2009 Listen to My Heart Kyozo Hayami Shinichi Mishiro
2010 Haru's Journey Tadao Nakai Masahiro Kobayashi Lead role
Zatoichi: The Last Tendo Junji Sakamoto
2012 Until The Break Of Dawn Sadayuki Akiyama Yūichirō Hirakawa
2013 Human Trust Nobuhiko Sasakura Junji Sakamoto
2015 Yuzuriha no koro Kenichiro Miya Mineko Okamoto
2017 Lear of the Beach/ Umibe No Ria Chōkitsu Kuwabatake Masahiro Kobayashi Lead role
2018 Henkan Kōshōnin Narrator Tsuyoshi Yanagawa
2020 Touge: The Last Samurai Makino Tadayuki Takashi Koizumi.
Animated film:
Year, Title, Role, Director, Notes:
1973 Kanashimi no Belladonna The Devil Eiichi Yamamoto
1983 Final Yamato Narrator Tomoharu Katsumata / Yoshinobu Nishizaki / Takeshi Shirado / Toshio Masuda
2013 The Tale of Princess Kaguya Sumiyaki no RoujiniIsao Takahata
2014 Giovanni's Island[8] Junpei Senō (Present) Mizuho Nishikubo
Theater:
Year Title Role Director Notes:
1964 Hamlet Hamlet Koreya Senda
1968 Yotsuya Kaidan Tamiya Iemon Eitaro Ozawa
1971 Othello Othello Koreya Senda
1974 Richard III Richard Toshikiyo Masumi
1975 The Lower Depths Satine Toshikiyo Masumi
1978 Oedipus Rex Oedipus Tomoe Ryu (Yasuko Miyazaki)
1982 Macbeth Macbeth Tomoe Ryu (Yasuko Miyazaki)
1990 Cyrano de Bergerac Cyrano de Bergerac Tomoe Ryu (Yasuko Miyazaki)
2000 Death of a Salesman William "Willy" Loman Kiyoto Hayashi
2001 The Merry Wives of Windsor John Falstaff Kiyoto Hayashi
2005 Driving Miss Daisy HokeIkumi Tanno
2008 Don Quixote Miguel de Cervantes Ikumi Tanno
2010 John Gabriel Borkman John Gabriel Borkman Tamiya Kuriyama
2013 Bluebeard's Castle The Bard Michiyoshi Inoue
2014 Barrymore John Barrymore Ikumi Tanno
2014 Romeo and Juliet Father Lawrence Ikumi Tanno
Television;
Year Title Role Network Notes
1971 Shin Heike Monogatari Taira no Kiyomori NHK Lead role, Taiga drama
1995 Daichi no Kov Kōji Matsumoto NHK Lead role
1996 Hideyoshi Sen no Rikyū NHK Taiga drama
2004 Socrates in Love Kentarō Matsumoto TBS Special appearance
2007 Fūrin Kazan Takeda Nobutora NHK Taiga drama
2014 Zainin no Uso Kenzō Haneda Wowow
2015 Haretsu Kuraki NHK
Hatashiai Sanosuke Jidaigeki Senmon Channel Lead role, TV movie
2016 Kyoakuwa Nemurasenai Yōhei Tachibana TV Tokyo
Cold Case Wowow
2017 Henkan Kōshōnin Narrator NHK TV movie
2020 The Return Unokichi Jidaigeki Senmon Channel Lead role, TV movie.
Honours:
Chevalier De L’Ordre des Arts et des Lettres (1992)
Medal with Purple Ribbon (1996)
Order of the Rising Sun, 4th Class, Gold Rays with Rosette (2003)
Person of Cultural Merit (2007)
Asahi Prize (2013)
Kawakita Award (2013)
Toshiro Mifune Award (2015)
Order of Culture (2015)
References:
^ "Tatsuya Nakadai". The New York Times.
^ Stephens, Chuck. "The Eighth Samurai: Tatsuya Nakadai". Current. Retrieved 2013-10-10.
^ "無名塾公演「おれたちは天使じゃない」 @ウェスタ川越 大ホール". ARK. Archived from the original on March 4, 2016. Retrieved September 15, 2015.
^ "Two Nobel scientists to receive Order of Culture award". The Japan Times. 2015.
^ www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/tatsuya-nakadai-set-receiv...
^ Stuart Galbraith IV (16 May 2008). The Toho Studios Story: A History and Complete Filmography. Scarecrow Press. p. 227. ISBN 978-1-4616-7374-3.
^ The Battle of Port Arthur (203 Kochi) in the Internet Movie Database
^ "Full Trailer for I.G's Hand-Drawn Anime Film Giovanni's Island Posted". Anime News Network. 2013-12-18. Retrieved 2013-12-21.
Michael Hwang, Singapore:
Michael Hwang SC is a Singaporean barrister and arbitrator. In 1991, he was appointed Judicial Commissioner of the Supreme Court of Singapore. He completed his term in 1992, and in 1997 he was appointed one of the first eight Senior Counsel in Singapore.[1] From 2008 to 2010, he was the President of the Law Society of Singapore.[2] In 2010, he became the Chief Justice of the Dubai International Financial Centre Courts.
Michael Hwang; SC
Born: Singapore
Nationality: Singaporean
Occupation: lawyer
Years active: 1968-present
In 2014, he was awarded the Pierre de Coubertin Medal by the International Olympic Committee for his work with the International Council of Arbitration for Sports, which operates the Court of Arbitration for Sport.[3]
References:
^ Senior Counsel Directory, www.sal.org.sg, accessed 31 March 2008.
^ Chee Kong, Loh, "Law Society president says Singapore lawyers apathetic about public law", channelnewsasia.com, 18 March 2008, accessed 31 March 2008.
^ "Singapore lawyer Michael Hwang receives the Pierre de Coubertin Medal for his services to the Olympic movement", singaporeolympics.com, 13 October 2014, accessed 13 July 2015.
Jose Ferrer Sala, Spain:
Role: Narrator
Birthdate: January 8, 1912
Biography José Vicente Ferrer de Otero y Cintrón, known as José Ferrer, was a Puerto Rican actor, and director of theatre and film. He was the first Puerto Rican-born actor, as well as the first Hispanic actor, to win an Academy Award (in 1950 for Cyrano de Bergerac).
In 1947, Ferrer won the Tony Award for his theatrical performance of Cyrano de Bergerac, and in 1952, he won the Distinguished Dramatic Actor Award for The Shrike, and also the Outstanding Director Award for directing the plays The Shrike, The Fourposter, and Stalag 17.
Ferrer's contributions to American theatre were recognized in 1981, when he was inducted into the American Theater Hall of Fame. In 1985, he received the National Medal of Arts from Ronald Reagan, becoming the first actor to receive that honor.[2]
Episodes:
I, Darrin, Take This Witch, Samantha
Be It Ever So Mortgaged
Mother Meets What's-His-Name
References:
↑ José Ferrer on the Internet Movie Database. Retrieved on January 8, 2020.
↑ José Ferrer on Wikipedia. Retrieved on January 8, 2020.
Sir Torquil Norman, UK:
Sir Torquil Patrick Alexander Norman, CBE
Born: 11 April 1933) is a British businessman, aircraft enthusiast, and arts philanthropist.[1]
Sir Torquil Norman. CBE
Born: 11 April 1933 (age 87). Marylebone, London
Nationality: British
Occupation: Businessman
Spouse(s): Lady Elizabeth Ann Montagu. (m. 1961)
Early life and education::
Norman is the youngest of three sons born to Air Commodore Sir Nigel Norman, 2nd Baronet, and Patrician Moyra Annesley, daughter of Lieutenant Colonel James Howard Adolphus Annesley. His father, the only child of journalist and politician Sir Henry Norman, 1st Baronet, and novelist Ménie Muriel Dowie, was killed in action in 1943, shortly before Torquil's 10th birthday. His eldest brother, Sir Mark Annesley Norman, inherited the baronetcy and his middle brother, Desmond Norman, was an aviation pioneer.[1]
Norman was educated at Eton College, Harvard University and Trinity College, Cambridge.[1]
Career:
Standing 6'7", Norman gained his pilot's licence at eighteen, and did his National Service in the Fleet Air Arm. After he left, he bought a Piper Comanche, flew in No. 601 Squadron RAF,[2] and took up skydiving.
After working as an investment banker in the United States for eleven years, Norman returned to the United Kingdom in the 1960s and subsequently entered the toymaking industry, first as chief executive of Berwick Timpo[3] toy company from 1973. In 1980, he founded Bluebird Toys, makers of the Big Yellow Teapot House, the Big Red Fun Bus, and the successful Polly Pocket line of dolls.[4]
A long-term Camden resident, Norman bought the derelict Roundhouse arts venuein Chalk Farm for £3 million in 1996 "as an impulse buy", having read it was proposed to turn it into an architectural museum.[5] As founder and chairman of the Roundhouse Trust he then raised £27 million from public and private sources, including almost £4 million more of his own personal funds, to restore the crumbling Victorian former railway repair shed, which had been a major arts venue in the 1960s and '70s. The restored Roundhouse reopened in June 2006 as a 1,700 seat performance space, with a state-of-the-art creative centre for young people in the undercroft, and a new wing with a purpose-built bar and café.[6][7] It was soon the base for a major season by the Royal Shakespeare Company, played host to regular big-name rock concerts, and by 2008 had involved over 12,000 teenagers in creative arts projects.[8]
Norman, who was previously appointed a Commander of the Order of the British Empire, stepped down as chairman of the Roundhouse Trust in 2007,[9] and was knighted the same year for his "services to the arts and to disadvantaged young people".[10] In 2007 he won the Beacon Fellowship Prize for his work with young people through the Roundhouse Trust.[11]
A collector of classic aeroplanes, Norman wrote a vivid account of flying a DH Leopard Moth across the Atlantic.[12] In 1995 Norman and Henry Labouchère undertook a long distance flight in a light aircraft, culminating in their East-West trans-Atlantic flight in a (then) 59-year-old De Havilland Dragonfly, with both of them being awarded the Certificate of Merit by the Royal Aero Club.
Personal life:
On 8 July 1961, Norman married Lady Elizabeth Ann Montagu, the daughter of Victor Montagu, 10th Earl of Sandwich. They have five children, including Conservative Party MP Jesse Norman, the artist Amy Sharrocks, and ten grandchildren.[1]
Published works:
2010 – Kick The Tyres, Light The Fires: One Man's Vision For Britain's Future And How We Can Make It Work. Infinite Ideas. ISBN 978-1-906821-53-1.
References:
^ a b c d Mosley, Charles, ed. (2003). Burke's Peerage, Baronetage & Knighthood (107 ed.). Burke's Peerage & Gentry. pp. 2918–2919. ISBN 0-9711966-2-1. Cite uses deprecated parameter |editorlink= (help)
^ 601: The Flying Sword, RAF MuseumPodcast Series
^ Berwick Timpo plc
^ BBC Interview with Sir Torquil Norman, Desert Island Discs, 12 December 2010
^ Jane Wright, Torquil's not cheap at the Roundhouse, Camden New Journal, 22 May 2003
^ Richard Morrison, The magic round about, The Times, 3 February 2006
^ Tom Foot, The beginning of a new era as the Roundhouse re-opens, Camden New Journal, May 2006
^ Sara Newman, Roundhouse night of glamour raises £900,000 for charity, Camden New Journal, 19 June 2008.
^ Dan Carrier, Tributes to outgoing Torquil, Camden New Journal, 18 January 2007
^ Birthday honours: London list, BBC News, 16 June 2007
^ Beacon Special Prize 2007, Beacon Fellowship, 2007
^ Pilot, June 1996.
David Robinson, USA:
David Maurice Robinson:
David Maurice Robinson (born August 6, 1965) is an American former professional basketball player who played for the San Antonio Spurs in the National Basketball Association (NBA) from 1989 to 2003. Nicknamed "the Admiral" for his service with the U.S. Navy, Robinson was a 10-time NBA All-Star, the 1995 NBA MVP, a two-time NBA champion (1999 and 2003), a two-time Olympic Gold Medal winner (1992, 1996), a two-time Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame inductee (2009 for his individual career, 2010 as a member of the 1992 United States men's Olympic basketball team), and a two-time U.S. Olympic Hall of Fameinductee (2008 individually, 2009 as a member of the 1992 Olympic team).[2] He is widely considered one of the greatest centers in both college basketball and NBA history.[3]
Personal information:
Born: August 6, 1965(age 55). Key West, Florida
Nationality: American
Listed height: 7 ft 1 in (2.16 m)
Listed weight: 235 lb (107 kg)
Career information:
High school: Osbourn Park. (Manassas, Virginia)
College: Navy (1983–1987)
NBA draft:
1987 / Round: 1 / Pick: 1st overall
Selected by the San Antonio Spurs
Playing career: 1989–2003
Position: Center
Number: 50
Career history: 1989–2003
San Antonio Spurs
Career highlights and awards
2× NBA champion (1999, 2003)
NBA Most Valuable Player (1995)
10× NBA All-Star (1990–1996, 1998, 2000, 2001)
4× All-NBA First Team (1991, 1992, 1995, 1996)
2× All-NBA Second Team (1994, 1998)
4× All-NBA Third Team (1990, 1993, 2000, 2001)
NBA Defensive Player of the Year (1992)
4× NBA All-Defensive First Team (1991, 1992, 1995, 1996)
4× NBA All-Defensive Second Team (1990, 1993, 1994, 1998)
NBA Sportsmanship Award (2001)
NBA scoring champion (1994)
NBA rebounding leader (1991)
NBA blocks leader (1992)
NBA Rookie of the Year (1990)
NBA All-Rookie First Team (1990)
NBA's 50th Anniversary All-Time Team
No. 50 retired by San Antonio Spurs
Sports Illustrated Sportsman of the Year(2003)
National college player of the year (1987)
Consensus first-team All-American (1987)
Consensus second-team All-American (1986)
3× CAA Player of the Year (1985–1987)
2× NCAA blocks leader (1986, 1987)
NCAA rebounding leader (1986)
USA Basketball Male Athlete of the Year(1986).
David Robinson was born in Key West, Florida, the second child of Ambrose and Freda Robinson. Since Robinson's father was in the U.S. Navy, the family moved frequently. After his father retired from the Navy, the family settled in Woodbridge, Virginia, where Robinson excelled in school and in most sports, except basketball. Robinson attended Osbourn Park High School in Manassas, Virginia, just outside Washington, D.C., where Robinson's father was working as an engineer.
Robinson was of average height for most of his childhood and teenage years, and stood only 5 ft 9 in (1.75 m) tall in his junior year of high school (age 16–17). But during his senior year he experienced a large growth spurt and grew to 6 ft 6 in (1.98 m). He had not played organized basketball or attended any basketball camps,[4] but the school's basketball coach added him to the team, and Robinson earned all-area and all-district honors but generated little interest among college basketball coaches.
Robinson graduated from Osbourn Park in 1983. He achieved a relatively high score of 1320 on the SAT, and chose to attend the U.S. Naval Academy, where he would major in mathematics and play on the basketball team. At the time the Naval Academy had a height restriction of 6 ft 6 in (1.98 m) for all cadets, and in the autumn when the new academic year began Robinson had grown to 6 ft 7 in (2.01 m). Assuming that he was unlikely to grow much more, the academy's superintendent readily granted him a waiver. However Robinson continued growing, and by the start of his second year at the academy he had nearly reached his adult height of 7 ft 0 in (2.13 m), which later prevented him from serving on any U.S. naval ships.
Robinson married Valerie Hoggatt in 1991. They have three sons, David Jr., Corey, and Justin. Corey attended Notre Dame and was a wide receiver on the football team[26]before ending his playing career in 2016 on medical advice due to multiple concussionsprior to what would have been his senior season.[27] He was very active on campus in his final undergraduate year, having been elected student body president in February 2016 for the 2016–17 school year.[28] Justin, a 6'8" (2.03 m) forward in basketball and a two-time all-state selection in Texas, has attended Duke since August 2015. He was initially recruited to the Duke team as a "preferred walk-on" with the opportunity to eventually earn a scholarship, but was placed on scholarship before his arrival at Duke.[29]On September 18, 2020, Mornar Bar of Erste Liga announced that they had signed Justin, signaling that Justin started his professional basketball career.[30]
Robinson became a Christian on June 8, 1991 after being encouraged to read the Bible.[31][32]
In 2001, Robinson founded and funded the $9 million Carver Academy in San Antonio, a non-profit private school named for George Washington Carver to provide more opportunities for inner-city children. In 2012, the school became a public charter school and its name changed to IDEA Carver. Robinson continues to be a very active participant in the school's day-to-day activities.[33][34]
In 2011, Robinson earned a Master of Arts in Administration (with concentration in organizational development) from the University of the Incarnate Word to better "understand how businesses work and how to build them.".[35]
Beyond his founding of Carver Academy, Robinson is well known as a philanthropist. Robinson and business partner Daniel Bassichis donate 10 percent of their profits to charitable causes.[35] The winner of the NBA Community Assist Award is presented with the David Robinson Plaque.[36]
Other ventures:
In 2008 Robinson partnered with Daniel Bassichis, formerly of Goldman Sachs and a board member of The Carver Academy, to form Admiral Capital Group.[37] Admiral Capital Group is a private equity firm whose mission is to invest in opportunities that can provide both financial and social returns. Robinson's primary motivation in starting Admiral Capital was to create a source of additional financial support for The Carver Academy. Its portfolio is worth more than $100 million and includes nine upscale hotels and office buildings across the U.S. as well as Centerplate, one of the largest hospitality companies in the world. Admiral Capital Group also partnered with Living Cities to form the Admiral Center, a non-profit created to support other athletes and entertainers with their philanthropic initiatives. Robinson is also co-owner of a Jaguar Land Rover Dealership in San Juan, Texas.[38][39]
Awards and honours:
Naismith Basketball Hall of Fame
class of 2009 – individual
class of 2010 – as a member of the "Dream Team"
U.S. Olympic Hall of Fame
class of 2008 – individual
class of 2009 – as a member of the "Dream Team"
FIBA Hall of Fame
class of 2013 - individual
class of 2017 - as a member of the "Dream Team"
Two-time NBA Champion
1995 NBA MVP
1992 NBA Defensive Player of the Year
1990 NBA Rookie of the Year
1990 NBA All-Rookie First Team
Four-time All-NBA First Team
Four-time All-Defensive First Team
10-time NBA All-Star
2001 NBA Sportsmanship Award[40]
Two-time Olympic Gold Medal winner
Olympic Bronze Medal winner
One of 50 Greatest Players in NBA History
1994 NBA Scoring Champion
Five-time IBM Award winner[41]
2008 NBA Shooting Stars champion[42]
Gold Medal in 1986 FIBA World Championship.[43]
2003 Sports Illustrated Sportsman of the Year
2012 NCAA Silver Anniversary Award[44]
Number 50 retired by the San Antonio Spurs
Coach Wooden "Keys to Life" Award(2004).
Charitable efforts:
In addition to his lengthy NBA career, Robinson is also noted for his charitable work.
In 1991, Robinson visited with fifth graders at Gates Elementary School in San Antonio and challenged them to finish school and go to college. He offered a $2,000 scholarship to everyone who did. In 1998, proving even better than his word, Robinson awarded $8,000 to each of those students who had completed his challenge. In perhaps his greatest civic and charitable achievement, David and his wife, Valerie, founded the Carver Academy in San Antonio, which opened its doors in September 2001. To date, the Robinsons have donated more than $11 million to the school.[45]
In March 2003, in recognition of his outstanding contributions to charity, the NBA renamed its award for outstanding charitable efforts in honor of Robinson. Winners of the NBA's Community Assist Award receive the David Robinson Plaque, with the inscription "Following the standard set by NBA Legend David Robinson who improved the community piece by piece." The award is given out monthly by the league to recognize players for their charitable efforts. Robinson is also the recipient of the William E. Simon Prize for Philanthropic Leadership.[46]
In 2011, in recognition of his philanthropic efforts with the Carver Academy, Robinson received the Children's Champion Award from the charitable organization Children's Hunger Fund.[47]
References:
^ Men's Tournament of the Americas – 1992, USA Basketball. Retrieved December 6, 2018.
^ "1992 United States Olympic Team". Archived from the original on August 18, 2010.
^ "The game's greatest giants ever". ESPN.com. March 6, 2007. Retrieved January 25, 2011.
^ a b c d Montville, Leigh (April 29, 1996). "Trials Of David". Sports Illustrated. Retrieved March 10, 2013.
^ According to the following article about the city of Annapolis, Robinson won the "Eastman Award" in 1987 and the award is in Lejeune Hall. Bailey, Steve (August 22, 2008). "In Annapolis, Md., the Past Is Always at Hand". New York Times. Retrieved March 18, 2010.See also the footnote at United States Naval Academy#Halls and principal buildings (at "Lejeune Hall").
^ Report to the Honorable Gordon J. Humphrey, U.S. Senate (September 1987). "Treatment of Prominent Athletes on Active Duty" (PDF). United States General Accounting Office. Retrieved March 28, 2012.
^ "Information on Military to Civilian Transition Employment, Civilian Jobs for Veterans". G.I. Jobs. Archived from the original on March 10, 2006. Retrieved August 4, 2012.
^ Anderson, Dave (May 18, 1987). "Sports of the Times; The Robinson Plot Thickens". New York Times.
^ Orsborn, Tom (May 20, 2007). "The Summer Our Ship Came In". San Antonio Express-News.
^ "1988–89 Standings". NBA.com. Archived from the original on October 25, 2012. Retrieved August 4, 2012.
^ a b "Legends profile: David Robinson". NBA.com.
^ "David Robinson's Supreme Court for Genesis (1992)". MobyGames.
^ "San Antonio Spurs at Los Angeles Clippers Box Score, April 24, 1994". Basketball-Reference.com.
^ "David Robinson Stats". Basketball-Reference.com.
^ "The NBA at 50". NBA.com. Retrieved August 4, 2012.
^ "Spurs Tower Over NBA". NBA.com. Archived from the original on January 6, 2009. Retrieved August 4, 2012.
^ Staff, NBA com. "Top Moments: Twin Towers ride off to sunset with another title". NBA.com.
^ "David Robinson: "Tim Duncan is probably the best thing that ever happened to me"". March 23, 2018.
^ a b Kent, Milton. "'Admiral' Robinson isn't one to pull rank". baltimoresun.com.
^ Mooney, Matthew. "Honoring David Robinson". Bleacher Report.
^https://www.basketball.reference.com/players/r/robinda01/gamelog/2000
^ "Transcript of David Robinson Retirement Press Conference". San Antonio Spurs.
^ "David Robinson Scores 71 points". San Antonio Spurs.
^ "ESPN.com – NBA – Kobe makes records wilt". Sports.espn.go.com. Retrieved August 4, 2012.
^ "An Admiral recollection from the year David Robinson and MJ retired – ESPN". Sports.espn.go.com. September 11, 2009. Retrieved August 4, 2012.
^ Arnold, Keith (February 5, 2013). "Early Enrollees: Corey Robinson".
^ Bromberg, Nick (June 15, 2016). "Notre Dame WR Corey Robinson medically retires due to concussions". Dr. Saturday. Yahoo! Sports. Retrieved June 16, 2016.
^ Bromberg, Nick (February 11, 2016). "Notre Dame WR Corey Robinson wins student body president election". Dr. Saturday. Yahoo! Sports. Retrieved June 16, 2016.
^ Johnson, Raphielle (May 6, 2015). "Son of former NBA great David Robinson to be on scholarship at Duke next season". NBC Sports. College Basketball Talk. Retrieved May 9, 2015.
^ "Džastin Robinson potpisao za Mornar" [Justin Robinson signed for Mornar]. kkmornar.bar (in Serbian). September 18, 2020. Retrieved September 18, 2020.
^ Leigh Montville (April 29, 1996). "SAN ANTONIO SPURS CENTER AND BORN AGAIN CHRISTIAN DAVID – 04.29.96 – SI Vault". Sports Illustrated. Retrieved August 4, 2012.
^ Joshua Cooley (March–April 2013). "David Robinson: Parenting in the Fourth Quarter". Focus on the Family. Retrieved January 15, 2018.
^ "The 25 Smartest Athlete Purchases in Sports History17. David Robinson Builds Carver Academy". Complex.
^ "David Robinson gives IDEA Carver Academy kids shopping spree". Archived from the original on October 27, 2013.
^ a b "The Education of David Robinson - San Antonio Magazine - March 2012 - San Antonio, TX". www.sanantoniomag.com.
^ "David Robinson: Impact on the Community". San Antonio Spurs.
^ "Admiral Capital Group". Admiral Capital Group. Retrieved August 4,2012.
^ "Home Page - Admiral Capital Group". Admiral Capital Group.
^ Texas, Jaguar San Juan. "ABOUT US | Jaguar San Juan Texas". www.jaguarsanjuantx.com.
^ "NBA Sportsmanship Award Winners". Fox News. April 30, 2013.
^ Shaq claims NBA's IBM award
^ "NBA All-Star Shooting Stars Winners". NBA.com. August 24, 2017. Archived from the original on February 24, 2018.
^ "1986 USA Basketball". Archived from the original on August 14, 2007.
^ "Former NCAA stars shine at Honors Celebration". NCAA.org. January 13, 2012. Archived from the original on May 23, 2012. Retrieved August 4, 2012.
^ "David Robinson, Chase Invest Sweat, Equity to Rebuild New Orleans One House at a... | Reuters". Uk.reuters.com. February 12, 2008. Archived from the original on January 12, 2009. Retrieved August 4, 2012.
^ "404 Page". Philanthropy Roundtable.
^ Harlan, Tim. (October 3, 2010). "CHF Children's Champion Award Banquet Set for Oct. 9" Archived May 11, 2012, at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved June 16, 2015.
-Photo: Hoang HK
-Model : Vic Angel
-Make up : Ivan Lee
-Costume designer :Ivan Lee
- Copyright of KOBE Studio (kobe-studio.net)
NBA Playoffs 2011
NBA Players this Season:
A
Adrien, Jeff
Afflalo, Arron
Ajinca, Alexis
Alabi, Solomon
Aldrich, Cole
Aldridge, LaMarcus
Allen, Malik
Allen, Ray
Allen, Tony
Aminu, Al-Farouq
Amundson, Lou
Andersen, Chris
Andersen, David
Anderson, James
Anderson, Ryan
Anthony, Carmelo
Anthony, Joel
Arenas, Gilbert
Ariza, Trevor
Armstrong, Hilton
Arroyo, Carlos
Artest, Ron
Arthur, Darrell
Asik, Omer
Augustin, D.J.
• Return to top of directory
B
Babbitt, Luke
Balkman, Renaldo
Banks, Marcus
Barbosa, Leandro
Barea, Jose
Bargnani, Andrea
Barnes, Matt
Barron, Earl
Bass, Brandon
Battie, Tony
Battier, Shane
Batum, Nicolas
Bayless, Jerryd
Beasley, Michael
Beaubois, Rodrigue
Belinelli, Marco
Bell, Charlie
Bell, Raja
Bibby, Mike
Biedrins, Andris
Billups, Chauncey
Blair, DeJuan
Blake, Steve
Blakely, Marqus
Blatche, Andray
Bledsoe, Eric
Bogans, Keith
Bogut, Andrew
Bonner, Matt
Booker, Trevor
Boozer, Carlos
Bosh, Chris
Boykins, Earl
Brackins, Craig
Bradley, Avery
Brand, Elton
Brewer, Corey
Brewer, Ronnie
Brockman, Jon
Brooks, Aaron
Brown, Derrick
Brown, Kwame
Brown, Shannon
Bryant, Kobe
Budinger, Chase
Butler, Caron
Butler, Da'Sean
Butler, Rasual
Bynum, Andrew
Bynum, Will
• Return to top of directory
C
Calderon, Jose
Camby, Marcus
Caracter, Derrick
Cardinal, Brian
Carroll, Matt
Carter, Anthony
Carter, Vince
Casspi, Omri
Chalmers, Mario
Chandler, Tyson
Chandler, Wilson
Childress, Josh
Clark, Earl
Collins, Jason
Collison, Darren
Collison, Nick
Conley, Mike
Cook, Brian
Cook, Daequan
Cousin, Marcus
Cousins, DeMarcus
Crawford, Jamal
Crawford, Jordan
Cunningham, Dante
Curry, Stephen
• Return to top of directory
D
Dalembert, Samuel
Dampier, Erick
Daniels, Antonio
Daniels, Marquis
Davis, Baron
Davis, Ed
Davis, Glen
Daye, Austin
Delfino, Carlos
Deng, Luol
DeRozan, DeMar
Diaw, Boris
Diogu, Ike
Diop, DeSagana
Dooling, Keyon
Dorsey, Joey
Douglas, Toney
Douglas-Roberts, Chris
Dowdell, Zabian
Dragic, Goran
Dudley, Jared
Duhon, Chris
Duncan, Tim
Dunleavy, Mike
Durant, Kevin
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E
Ebanks, Devin
Ellington, Wayne
Ellis, Monta
Elson, Francisco
Ely, Melvin
Erden, Semih
Evans, Jeremy
Evans, Maurice
Evans, Reggie
Evans, Tyreke
Ewing Jr., Patrick
Eyenga, Christian
• Return to top of directory
F
Farmar, Jordan
Favors, Derrick
Felton, Raymond
Fernandez, Rudy
Fesenko, Kyrylo
Fields, Landry
Fisher, Derek
Flynn, Jonny
Forbes, Gary
Ford, T.J.
Foster, Jeff
Foye, Randy
Frye, Channing
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G
Gadzuric, Dan
Gaines, Sundiata
Gallinari, Danilo
Garcia, Francisco
Garnett, Kevin
Gasol, Marc
Gasol, Pau
Gay, Rudy
Gee, Alonzo
George, Paul
Gibson, Daniel
Gibson, Taj
Ginobili, Manu
Gomes, Ryan
Gooden, Drew
Gordon, Ben
Gordon, Eric
Gortat, Marcin
Graham, Joey
Graham, Stephen
Granger, Danny
Gray, Aaron
Green, Danny
Green, Jeff
Green, Willie
Greene, Donte
Griffin, Blake
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H
Haddadi, Hamed
Hamilton, Richard
Hansbrough, Tyler
Harangody, Luke
Harden, James
Harrington, Al
Harris, Devin
Harris, Manny
Haslem, Udonis
Hawes, Spencer
Hayes, Chuck
Hayward, Gordon
Hayward, Lazar
Haywood, Brendan
Henderson, Gerald
Henry, Xavier
Hibbert, Roy
Hickson, J.J.
Hill, George
Hill, Grant
Hill, Jordan
Hinrich, Kirk
Holiday, Jrue
Hollins, Ryan
Horford, Al
House, Eddie
Howard, Dwight
Howard, Josh
Howard, Juwan
Humphries, Kris
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I
Ibaka, Serge
Iguodala, Andre
Ilgauskas, Zydrunas
Ilunga-Mbenga, Didier
Ilyasova, Ersan
Ivey, Royal
• Return to top of directory
J
Jack, Jarrett
Jackson, Darnell
Jackson, Stephen
James, Damion
James, LeBron
Jamison, Antawn
Jeffers, Othyus
Jefferson, Al
Jefferson, Richard
Jeffries, Jared
Jennings, Brandon
Jerebko, Jonas
Jeter, Eugene
Johnson, Amir
Johnson, Armon
Johnson, Chris
Johnson, James
Johnson, Joe
Johnson, Trey
Johnson, Wesley
Jones, Dahntay
Jones, Dominique
Jones, James
Jones, Solomon
Jordan, DeAndre
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K
Kaman, Chris
Kapono, Jason
Kidd, Jason
Kirilenko, Andrei
Kleiza, Linas
Korver, Kyle
Koufos, Kosta
Krstic, Nenad
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L
Landry, Carl
Law, Acie
Lawal, Gani
Lawson, Ty
Lee, Courtney
Lee, David
Lewis, Rashard
Lin, Jeremy
Livingston, Shaun
Lopez, Brook
Lopez, Robin
Love, Kevin
Lowry, Kyle
Lucas, John III
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M
Maggette, Corey
Magloire, Jamaal
Mahinmi, Ian
Marion, Shawn
Martin, Kenyon
Martin, Kevin
Mason Jr., Roger
Matthews, Wesley
Maxiell, Jason
Maynor, Eric
Mayo, O.J.
Mbah a Moute, Luc
McDyess, Antonio
McGee, JaVale
McGrady, Tracy
McGuire, Dominic
McRoberts, Josh
Meeks, Jodie
Miles, C.J.
Milicic, Darko
Miller, Andre
Miller, Brad
Miller, Mike
Mills, Patrick
Millsap, Paul
Mohammed, Nazr
Monroe, Greg
Moon, Jamario
Morrow, Anthony
Mozgov, Timofey
Mullens, Byron
Murphy, Troy
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N
N'Diaye, Hamady
Najera, Eduardo
Nash, Steve
Neal, Gary
Nelson, Jameer
Nene
Noah, Joakim
Nocioni, Andres
Novak, Steve
Nowitzki, Dirk
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O
O'Neal, Jermaine
O'Neal, Shaquille
Oden, Greg
Odom, Lamar
Okafor, Emeka
Okur, Mehmet
Orton, Daniel
Outlaw, Travis
Owens, Larry
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P
Pachulia, Zaza
Pargo, Jannero
Parker, Anthony
Parker, Tony
Patterson, Patrick
Paul, Chris
Pavlovic, Aleksandar
Pekovic, Nikola
Perkins, Kendrick
Petro, Johan
Pierce, Paul
Pietrus, Mickael
Pittman, Dexter
Pondexter, Quincy
Posey, James
Powe, Leon
Powell, Josh
Price, A.J.
Price, Ronnie
Prince, Tayshaun
Przybilla, Joel
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Q
Quinn, Chris
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R
Radmanovic, Vladimir
Randolph, Anthony
Randolph, Zach
Ratliff, Theo
Rautins, Andy
Redd, Michael
Redick, J.J.
Richardson, Jason
Richardson, Quentin
Ridnour, Luke
Robinson, Nate
Rolle, Magnum
Rondo, Rajon
Rose, Derrick
Roy, Brandon
Rush, Brandon
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S
Salmons, John
Samuels, Samardo
Sanders, Larry
Scalabrine, Brian
Scola, Luis
Sefolosha, Thabo
Seraphin, Kevin
Sessions, Ramon
Shakur, Mustafa
Siler, Garret
Smith, Craig
Smith, Ish
Smith, J.R.
Smith, Jason
Smith, Joe
Smith, Josh
Songaila, Darius
Speights, Marreese
Splitter, Tiago
Stephenson, Lance
Stevenson, DeShawn
Stojakovic, Peja
Stoudemire, Amar'e
Stuckey, Rodney
Summers, DaJuan
Sy, Pape
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T
Taylor, Jermaine
Teague, Jeff
Telfair, Sebastian
Temple, Garrett
Terry, Jason
Thabeet, Hasheem
Thomas, Etan
Thomas, Kurt
Thomas, Tyrus
Thompson, Jason
Thornton, Al
Thornton, Marcus
Tolliver, Anthony
Turiaf, Ronny
Turkoglu, Hedo
Turner, Evan
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U
Udoh, Ekpe
Udrih, Beno
Uzoh, Ben
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V
Vaden, Robert
Varejao, Anderson
Vasquez, Greivis
Villanueva, Charlie
Vujacic, Sasha
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W
Wade, Dwyane
Wafer, Von
Walker, Bill
Wall, John
Wallace, Ben
Wallace, Gerald
Walton, Luke
Warren, Willie
Warrick, Hakim
Watson, C.J.
Watson, Earl
Webster, Martell
Weems, Sonny
West, David
West, Delonte
West, Mario
Westbrook, Russell
White, DJ
White, Terrico
Whiteside, Hassan
Wilcox, Chris
Wilkins, Damien
Williams, Deron
Williams, Elliot
Williams, Louis
Williams, Marvin
Williams, Mo
Williams, Reggie
Williams, Shawne
Williams, Shelden
Williams, Terrence
Wright, Brandan
Wright, Dorell
Wright, Julian
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Y
Yao Ming
Yi Jianlian
Young, Nick
Young, Sam
Young, Thaddeus
-Photo: Hoang HK
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Chiune Sugihara
Japanese diplomat (1900–1986)
Chiune Sugihara (杉原 千畝, Sugihara Chiune; 1 January 1900 – 31 July 1986)[1] was a Japanese diplomat who served as vice-consul for the Japanese Empire in Kaunas, Lithuania. During the Second World War, Sugihara helped thousands of Jews flee Europe by issuing transit visas to them so that they could travel through Japanese territory, risking his career and the lives of his family.[2][3] The fleeing Jews were refugees from German-occupied Western Poland and Soviet-occupied Eastern Poland, as well as residents of Lithuania.
Quick Facts Born, Died ...
Lithuania declared the year 2020 as "The Year of Chiune Sugihara" in his honor. Today, the estimated number of descendants of those who received "Sugihara visas" ranges between 40,000[4] and 100,000.[5]
In 2021 a street in Jerusalem was dedicated in his honor.
Early life and education
Chiune Sugihara was born on 1 January 1900 (Meiji 33), in Mino, Gifu prefecture, to a middle-class father, Yoshimi Sugihara (杉原好水, Sugihara Yoshimi), and an upper-middle class mother, Yatsu Sugihara (杉原やつ, Sugihara Yatsu).[6] When he was born, his father worked at a tax office in Kozuchi-town and his family lived in a borrowed temple, with the Buddhist temple Kyōsen-ji (教泉寺) where he was born nearby. He was the second son among five boys and one girl.[1] His father and family moved into the tax office within the branch of the Nagoya Tax Administration Office one after another. In 1903 his family moved to Asahi Village in Niu-gun, Fukui Prefecture. In 1904 they moved to Yokkaichi, Mie Prefecture. On 25 October 1905, they moved to Nakatsu Town, Ena-gun, Gifu Prefecture. In 1906 (Meiji 39) on 2 April, Chiune entered Nakatsu Town Municipal Elementary School (now Nakatsugawa City Minami Elementary School in Gifu Prefecture). On 31 March 1907, he transferred to Kuwana Municipal Kuwana Elementary School in Mie Prefecture (currently Kuwana Municipal Nissin Elementary School). In December of that same year, he transferred to Nagoya Municipal Furuwatari Elementary School (now Nagoya Municipal Heiwa Elementary School). In 1912, he graduated with top honors from Furuwatari Elementary School and entered Aichi prefectural 5th secondary school (now Zuiryo high school), a combined junior and senior high school. His father wanted him to become a physician, but Chiune deliberately failed the entrance exam by writing only his name on the exam papers. Instead, he entered Waseda University in 1918 (Taishō 7) and majored in English language. At that time, he entered Yuai Gakusha, the Christian fraternity that had been founded by Baptist pastor Harry Baxter Benninghoff, to improve his English.
In 1919, he passed the Foreign Ministry Scholarship exam. From 1920 to 1922, Sugihara served in the Imperial Japanese Army as a second lieutenant with the 79th Infantry Regiment, stationed in Korea, then part of the Empire of Japan. He resigned his commission in November 1922 and took the Foreign Ministry's language qualifying exams the following year, passing the Russian exam with distinction. The Japanese Foreign Ministry recruited him and assigned him to Harbin, Manchuria, China, where he also studied the Russian and German languages and later became an expert on Russian affairs.
Chiune Sugihara's birth registry, indicating his birthplace as Kozuchi Town, Mugi District, nowadays known as Mino City in Gifu Prefecture
Observation Kozuchi-town from Mt. Ogura. Kyosenji Temple where Chiune Sugihara was born and village section Named "Chiune" which can be seen from the temple.
Observation Kozuchi-town from Mt. Ogura. Kyosenji Temple where Chiune Sugihara was born and village section Named "Chiune" which can be seen from the temple.
Kyōsen-ji Temple (教泉寺). This temple was located at the address reported as the birthplace of Sugihara Chiune, and there was a Kōzuchi tax office that Chiune father served in the immediate area.
Kyōsen-ji Temple (教泉寺). This temple was located at the address reported as the birthplace of Sugihara Chiune, and there was a Kōzuchi tax office that Chiune father served in the immediate area.
Chiune Bridge. A bridge over Chiune-cho which was the origin of the name of Chiune.
Chiune Bridge. A bridge over Chiune-cho which was the origin of the name of Chiune.
Bus stop of Chiune-cho where the name of Sugihara Chiune was derived
Bus stop of Chiune-cho where the name of Sugihara Chiune was derived
Manchurian Foreign Office
When Sugihara served in the Manchukuo (Manchurian) Foreign Office, he took part in the negotiations with the Soviet Union concerning the Northern Manchurian Railway. Sugihara was said to be the best Russian-speaker in the Japanese government, according to Roger Pulvers, and negotiated an agreement favourable to Japan with the Soviet Union which allowed Japan’s Northern Manchurian Railway's expansion.[7]
During his time in Harbin, Sugihara married Klaudia Semionovna Apollonova and converted to Christianity (Russian Orthodox Church),[8] using the baptismal name Sergei Pavlovich.[2]
In 1934, Sugihara quit his post as Deputy Foreign Minister in Manchukuo in protest over Japanese mistreatment of the local Chinese.[9]
Sugihara and his wife divorced in 1935, before he returned to Japan, where he married Yukiko Kikuchi (1913–2008).[10] They had four sons - Hiroki, Chiaki, Haruki, and Nobuki. As of 2025, Nobuki is the only surviving son and represents the Sugihara family at numerous ceremonies worldwide.[11][12]
Chiune Sugihara also served in the Information Department of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and as a translator for the Japanese delegation in Helsinki, Finland.[13]
Lithuania
Former Japanese consulate in Kaunas
In 1939, Sugihara became a vice-consul of the Japanese Consulate in Kaunas, the temporary capital of Lithuania. His duties included reporting on Soviet and German troop movements,[1] and to find out if Germany planned an attack on the Soviets and, if so, to report the details of this attack to his superiors in Berlin and Tokyo.[14]
Sugihara had cooperated with Polish intelligence as part of a bigger Japanese–Polish cooperative plan.[15]
In Lithuania, Sugihara started using the Sino-Japanese reading "Sempo" for his given name,[16] since it was easier to pronounce than "Chiune".[17]
Jewish refugees
As the Soviet Union occupied sovereign Lithuania in 1940, many Polish and Lithuanian Jews fearing persecution tried to acquire exit visas.[18] While under Soviet occupation, it was announced that many foreign consulates in Kaunas would soon be closed. Per the Holocaust researcher and historian David Kranzler, Dutch national Nathan Gutwirth asked the Dutch Ambassador to the Baltic states, L. P. J. de Decker, for a travel visa. Per the granddaughter of another Dutch national Peppy Sterinheim Lewin made the request. Either one or both of the above sought to reach Curaçao, then a Dutch colony, with subsequent plans to reach the United States.[19][20] Dekker was operating out of the Dutch consulate in Riga, Latvia. They were informed that no visa would be required, but travelers were instead required to obtain permission from the governor to land. Gutwirth or Lewin convinced de Dekker to issue the travel document with the second phrase omitted, instead only indicating that no visa was required[21]. The island had been providing fuel via its oil refineries to Allied forces, and was unwilling to let in immigrants from enemy territories.[22]
Dekker requested and authorized the Dutch honorary consul Jan Zwartendijk to issue the same text to Jews in Kovno who wished to escape from Lithuania.[23][21] In the period between 16 July and 3 August 1940, Jan Zwartendijk provided over 2,200 Jews with similar notations in their passports.[citation needed]
In June 1940, as Italy entered the war, exit routes via the Mediterranean Sea were closed. The Committee in Greater Germany, forced to seek new outlets for emigration, arranged for the transportation of Jews from Germany across Europe and Asia (via the Trans-Siberian Railway) to Vladivostok, and then to Japan. From Japan the refugees were to embark for destinations in the Western Hemisphere.
Although the Soviet Union began offering citizenship to those living in occupied Lithuania, some instead still wished to emigrate—principally rabbis, yeshiva students, members of the intellectual classes and leaders of various Jewish communal and labor organizations. Travel visas to Japan were initially granted without much difficulty, and the JDC, in collaboration with a number of other American Jewish groups, contributed toward the funds required for the Trans-Siberian trip to Japan of 1,700 persons.[citation needed]
In July of 1940, Jewish refugees from Germany, Poland, Lithuania, and other countries began arriving in Japan at Tsuruga, Shimonoseki and Kobe.[24] Japanese embassies and consulates except Kaunas issued 3,448 Japanese transit visas from January 1940 to March 1941.[25] Nearly half of the recipients held valid end-visas and immediately departed Japan.[citation needed]
Table 1: Number of European Jews arriving in Japan
The number of Jewish refugees who came to Japan, as seen in Table 1, has been documented as 4,500,[26] 5,000[27] or 6,000.[28] The 552 persons noted in the second row of the table do not match the number of departing persons edited by Jewcom.[29] The Siberian railway had been closed and no evidence supporting this figure is found in JDC annual reports or MOFA documents. For the 200 persons described in Note 1 of Table 1, there is a document in the Archives of MOFA[30] that the Japanese consulate of Vladivostok transferred about 50 Jewish refugees who had been stranded in Vladivostok to Shanghai with Soviet Union cargo on 26 April 1941.[31]
Sugihara's Visas
At the time, the Japanese government required that Japanese transit visas be issued only to those who had gone through appropriate immigration procedures, had enough funds and an onward final destination. Most of the refugees did not fulfill these criteria. Sugihara dutifully contacted the Japanese Foreign Ministry three times for instructions. Each time, the Ministry responded that anybody granted a visa should be in possession of a destination visa to an onward country beyond Japan, without exception.[1]
Being aware that applicants were in danger if they stayed behind, Sugihara decided to ignore his orders and, from July 18 to August 28, 1940, he issued over 2100 transit visas. Given his inferior post and the culture of the Japanese Foreign Service bureaucracy, this was an unusual act of disobedience. He spoke to Soviet officials who agreed to let the Jews travel through the country via the Trans-Siberian Railway. His wife Yukiko who supported and encouraged him later recalled, "My husband and I talked about the visas before he issued them. We understood that both the Japanese and German governments disagreed with our ideas, but we went ahead anyhow."[32]
Czechoslovakian passport with a Japanese transit visa issued in Kaunas, Lithuania on August 22, 1940 by Chiune Sugihara.
Sugihara continued to hand-write visas, reportedly spending 18 to 20 hours a day on them, producing a normal month's worth of visas each day, until September 4, 1940, when he had to leave his post before the consulate was closed. By that time, he had granted thousands of visas to Jews, many of whom were heads of households and thus permitted to take their families with them. It is claimed that before he left, he handed the official consulate stamp to a refugee so that more visas could be forged.[33] His son, Nobuki Sugihara, adamantly insisted in an interview with Ann Curry that his father never gave the stamp to anyone.[34] According to witnesses, he was still writing visas while in transit from his hotel and after boarding the train at Kaunas railway station, throwing visas into the crowd of desperate refugees out of the train's window even as the train pulled out. His son Hiroki noted, "my father continued to pen visas even at the railway station, throwing the last stamped passports out of the window of our train".[35]
Consular office with original consular flag in Kaunas
In final desperation, blank sheets of paper with only the consulate seal and his signature (that could be later written over into a visa) were hurriedly prepared and flung out from the train. As he prepared to depart, he said, "Please forgive me. I cannot write anymore. I wish you the best." When he bowed deeply to the people before him, someone exclaimed, "Sugihara. We'll never forget you. I'll surely see you again!"[13]
Sugihara himself wondered about official reaction to the thousands of visas he issued. Many years later, he recalled, "No one ever said anything about it. I remember thinking that they probably didn't realize how many I actually issued."[36]
Numbers saved
On the number of refugees passing through Japan who held Japanese transit visas for Curaçao issued by Sugihara, the so-called "Sugihara visa", there are two documents stating numbers of 2,200[37] and 6,000.[13] The 6,000 persons as stated in Visas for Life is likely hearsay.[citation needed]
K. Watanabe argued that there could be 6,000, arguing that use by three family members per visa is reasonable, that there were newspaper articles reporting the 6,000 figure, and that most of the refugees landing on Tsuruga were now admitted with a Sugihara visa. On 29 September 1983, Fuji Television aired a documentary "One visa that decided their fate - the Japanese who saved 4,500 Jews."
In 1985 some Japanese newspapers reported that he saved 6,000 people and others 4,500.[38] The Japan Times, dated 19 January 1985, had the headline "Japanese Man honored for saving 6,000 Jews";[39] the Los Angeles Times reported, "Sugihara defied orders from Tokyo and issued transit visas to nearly 6,000 Jews".[40] US newspapers [which?] referred to Sugihara as "a diplomat who defied his government's orders and issued transit visas for 6,000 Jews".
Table 2 shows the number of refugees who had stayed at Kobe in 1941 based on Archives of MOFA. Refugees classified as "No visa" in the table are presumed to have held fakes of Japanese transit visas issued by Sugihara.[41] The Soviets wanted to purge Polish refugees who had been stranded in Soviet territory with Japanese transit visas as soon as possible,[42] and so permitted them to get on the train to Vladivostok with or without a destination visa. The Japanese government was forced to admit them. On 8 April 1941, of the 1,400 Polish Jews staying at Kobe, about 1,300 were "for Curaçao" or "No visa".
Table 2: Number of European Jewish refugees staying at Kobe
The Polish ambassador in Tokyo, Tadeusz Romer, remembered, "They (Polish refugees) only had fictitious Dutch visas for the island of Curaçao and Japanese transit visas." According to the refugee name list surveyed by Fukui Prefecture,[43] of the 306 persons who landed at Tsuruga Port in October 1940, there were 203 Poles. Their destinations were US 89, Palestine 46, Curaçao 24, and others. It is estimated that about 80% of them were on the Sugihara visa list.[44] The documents of the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum[45] and "Refugee and Survivor" do not mention the number of people saved by a "Sugihara visa".
More than half of the refugees who entered with invalid visas, including a "Sugihara visa", obtained valid visas with the help of JDC, HIAS, the Embassy of Poland, and the Japanese government, and embarked for host countries. In August–September 1941, Japanese authorities transferred about 850 refugees[46] stranded in Japan to Shanghai before Japan and the United States began war. According to Emigration Table by Jewcom, the number of Polish refugees leaving Japan for various destinations was Shanghai 860, US 532, Canada 186, Palestine 186, Australia 81, South Africa 59, and others 207, in total 2,111.
The total number of Jews saved by Sugihara is in dispute, with estimates around 6,000; family visas—which allowed several people to travel on one visa—were also issued, which would account for the much higher figure. Research published in the 2022 book Emerging Heroes by Akira Kitade into the ratio of "accompanying family members" to valid visa holders concludes that "3,000 is the appropriate final number" (p. 132). The Simon Wiesenthal Center has estimated that Chiune Sugihara issued transit visas for about 6,000 Jews and that around 40,000 descendants of the Jewish refugees are alive today because of his actions. Polish intelligence produced some forged visas.[47] Sugihara's widow and eldest son estimate that he saved 10,000 Jews from certain death, whereas Boston University professor and author Hillel Levine also estimates that he helped "as many as 10,000 people," but that far fewer people ultimately survived.[48] Some Jews who received Sugihara's visas did not leave Lithuania in time, were captured by the Germans after Germany invaded the Soviet Union on 22 June 1941, and perished in the Holocaust.
Recreation of Sugihara's consular desk in Kaunas
The Diplomatic Record Office of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs has opened to the public two documents concerning Sugihara's file: the first aforementioned document is a 5 February 1941 diplomatic note from Chiune Sugihara to Japan's then Foreign Minister Yōsuke Matsuoka in which Sugihara stated he issued 1,500 out of 2,139 transit visas to Jews and Poles; however, since most of the 2,139 people were not Jewish, this would imply that most of the visas were given to Polish Jews instead. Levine then notes that another document from the same foreign office file "indicates an additional 3,448 visas were issued in Kaunas for a total of 5,580 visas" which were likely given to Jews desperate to flee Lithuania for safety in Japan or Japanese occupied-China.
Many refugees used their visas to travel across the Soviet Union to Vladivostok and then by boat to Kobe, Japan, where there was a Jewish community. Romer, the Polish ambassador in Tokyo, organized help for them. From August 1940 to November 1941, he had managed to get transit visas in Japan, asylum visas to Canada, Australia, New Zealand, and Burma, immigration certificates to British Mandatory Palestine, and immigrant visas to the United States and some Latin American countries for more than two thousand Polish-Lithuanian Jewish refugees, who arrived in Kobe, Japan, and the Shanghai Ghetto, China.
The remaining number of Sugihara survivors stayed in Japan until they were deported to Japanese-occupied Shanghai, where there was already a large Jewish community that had existed as early as the mid-1930s. Some took the route through Korea directly to Shanghai without passing through Japan. A group of thirty people, all possessing a visa of "Jakub Goldberg", were shuttled back and forth on the open sea for several weeks before finally being allowed to pass through Tsuruga.[49] Most of the around 20,000 Jews survived the Holocaust in the Shanghai ghetto until the Japanese surrender in 1945, three to four months following the collapse of the Third Reich itself.
Imprisonment, release
Quick Facts External image ...
Sugihara was reassigned to Königsberg, East Prussia[48][page needed] before serving as a Consul General in Prague, in the German-occupied Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia, from March 1941 to late 1942 and in the legation in Bucharest, Romania from 1942 to 1944. He was promoted to the rank of third secretary in 1943, and was decorated with the Order of the Sacred Treasure, 5th Class, in 1944. When Soviet troops entered Romania, they imprisoned Sugihara and his family in a POW camp for eighteen months. They were released in 1946 and returned to Japan through the Soviet Union via the Trans-Siberian Railway and Nakhodka port. In 1947, the Japanese foreign office asked him to resign, due to downsizing. Some sources, including his wife Yukiko Sugihara, have said that the Foreign Ministry told Sugihara he was dismissed because of "that incident" in Lithuania.[48][51]
Later life
Sugihara settled in Fujisawa in Kanagawa prefecture with his wife and three sons. To support his family he took a series of menial jobs, at one point selling light bulbs door to door. He suffered a personal tragedy in 1947 when his youngest son, Haruki, died at the age of seven, shortly after their return to Japan.[14] In 1949 they had one more son, Nobuki, who is the last son alive representing the Chiune Sugihara Family, residing in Belgium. Chiune Sugihara later began to work for an export company as general manager of a U.S. Military Post Exchange. Utilizing his command of the Russian language, Sugihara went on to work and live a low-key existence in the Soviet Union for sixteen years, while his family stayed in Japan.
Chiune Sugihara and his son Nobuki in Israel, December 1969
Plaque in front of Chiune Sugihara's tree on the Avenue of the Righteous at Yad Vashem in Jerusalem
In 1968, Yehoshua Nishri, an economic attaché to the Israeli Embassy in Tokyo and one of the Sugihara beneficiaries, finally located and contacted him. Nishri had been a Polish teen in the 1940s. The next year Sugihara visited Israel and was greeted by the Israeli government. Sugihara beneficiaries began to lobby for his recognition by Yad Vashem[52] Sugihara was too ill to travel to Israel, so his wife and youngest son Nobuki accepted the honor on his behalf.
In 1985, 45 years after the Soviet invasion of Lithuania, he was asked his reasons for issuing visas to the Jews. Sugihara explained that the refugees were human beings, and that they simply needed help.
You want to know about my motivation, don't you? Well. It is the kind of sentiments anyone would have when he actually sees refugees face to face, begging with tears in their eyes. He just cannot help but sympathize with them. Among the refugees were the elderly and women. They were so desperate that they went so far as to kiss my shoes. Yes, I actually witnessed such scenes with my own eyes. Also, I felt at that time, that the Japanese government did not have any uniform opinion in Tokyo. Some Japanese military leaders were just scared because of the pressure from the Nazis; while other officials in the Home Ministry were simply ambivalent. People in Tokyo were not united. I felt it silly to deal with them. So, I made up my mind not to wait for their reply. I knew that somebody would surely complain about me in the future. But, I myself thought this would be the right thing to do. There is nothing wrong in saving many people's lives... The spirit of humanity, philanthropy... neighborly friendship... with this spirit, I ventured to do what I did, confronting this most difficult situation – and because of this reason, I went ahead with redoubled courage.[53]
When asked by Moshe Zupnik, who received one of the visas from Sugihara in 1940,[54] why he risked his career to save other people, he said simply: "I do it just because I have pity on the people. They want to get out so I let them have the visas."
Chiune Sugihara died at a hospital in Kamakura, on 31 July 1986, and was buried in Kamakura Cemetery (Kamakura Reien).[55] Despite the publicity given him in Israel and other nations, he had remained virtually unknown in his home country. Only when a large Jewish delegation from around the world, including the Israeli ambassador to Japan, attended his funeral, did his neighbours find out what he had done.[51] His subsequent considerable posthumous acclaim contrasts with the obscurity in which he lived following the loss of his diplomatic career.[56]
Honor restored
His death spotlighted his humanitarian acts during World War II and created the opportunity to revise his reputation as a diplomat in his own country. In 1991 Muneo Suzuki, Parliamentary Vice-President of Foreign Affairs, apologized to Chiune's family for the long-time unfair treatment by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs.[57] Official honor restoration by Japanese Government was made on 10 October 2000, when Foreign Minister Yōhei Kōno set the award plaque and gave a commendation speech at the ceremony for Sugihara at the Diplomatic Archives of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan.[58]
Family
Yukiko Sugihara in 2000
Yukiko Sugihara (née Kikuchi) (1913–2008) – wife. Poet and author of Visas for 6,000 Lives. She was the eldest daughter of a high school principal in Kagawa Prefecture, and the granddaughter of a Buddhist priest in Iwate Prefecture. She was also well versed in German, and a member of Kanagawa Prefecture Poetry Committee and Selection Committee for Asahi Shimbun's Kadan poetry section. She was the author of Poetry Anthology: White Nights and other works. She also converted to Russian Orthodoxy upon her marriage to Sugihara.[citation needed] Died on 8 October 2008.
Hiroki Sugihara (1936–2002) – eldest son. Studied in California upon graduating from Shonan High School in Kanagawa Prefecture in Japan. Translated his mother's book Visas for Life into English.
Chiaki Sugihara (1938–2010) – second son. Born in Helsinki. Studied in California.
Haruki Sugihara (1940–12 November 1947) – third son. He was born in Kaunas. Died in Japan aged between six and seven of leukemia.
Nobuki Sugihara (1948–) – fourth son. Attended Hebrew University in Israel in 1968 at the invitation of the Israeli Foreign Ministry and the Jewish Fund. Represents the Sugihara family as the only surviving son of Chiune. Since his attendance at the award ceremony of the Sugihara Righteous Forest in the outskirt of Jerusalem on behalf of Chiune in 1985, Nobuki has been actively attending Chiune-related events around the world as the family's spokesperson. Nobuki also heads NPO Sugihara, registered in Belgium, in order to promote peace in the Middle East.
Grandchildren: Chiune Sugihara had 9 grandchildren (8 still alive) and 10 great-grandchildren. Among his grandchildren, those most active in promoting his legacy are Chihiro Sugihara and Madoka Sugihara, both children of Hiroki Sugihara.
Legacy and honors
Quick Facts Saint, Righteous ...
Chiune Sugihara is venerated in the Eastern Orthodox Church.[59]
Troparion, tone 8:
A great light has shone forth to us from the Orient, for thou, o righteous Chiune, suffered as Paul the Apostle for the salvation of Old Israel. Now thy spirit rejoices in the Lord who said: A new commandment I give unto you, that you love one another as I have loved you.
In 1984, Yad Vashem bestowed the Righteous Among the Nations title on Chiune Sugihara, the only Japanese national to have been so honored. He was too ill to travel to receive the award at the Israeli embassy in Tokyo, so his wife and one or more of his children accepted the honor on his behalf.
The Port of Humanity Tsuruga Museum in Tsuruga, Fukui, Japan, contains a Sugihara Chiune corner.
Sugihara Street in Vilnius, Lithuania, Chiune (Sempo) Sugihara Street in Jaffa, Israel, and the asteroid 25893 Sugihara are named after him.
In 1992, the town of Yaotsu opened the Park of Humanity, on a hill overlooking the town. In 2000, the Chiune Sugihara Memorial Hall was opened to the public. Since its establishment, more than 600,000 visitors, Japanese and foreign, visited and studied about Sugihara and his virtue.
A corner for Sugihara Chiune is set up in the Port of Humanity Tsuruga Museum near Tsuruga Port, the place where many Jewish refugees arrived in Japan, in the city of Tsuruga, Fukui, Japan.[60]
Sugihara Street, Netanya
The Sugihara House Museum is in Kaunas, Lithuania.[61] The Conservative synagogue Temple Emeth, in Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts, US, built a "Sugihara Memorial Garden"[62] and holds an Annual Sugihara Memorial Concert. In 1996, Albany, New York erected a plaque honoring Sugihara in the city's Raoul Wallenberg Park.[63][64]
When Sugihara's widow Yukiko travelled to Jerusalem in 1998, she was met by tearful survivors who showed her the yellowing visas that her husband had signed. A park in Jerusalem is named after him. Sugihara appeared on a 1998 Israeli postage stamp. The Japanese government honored him on the centennial of his birth in 2000.[1]
In 2001, a sakura park with 200 trees was planted in Vilnius, Lithuania, to mark the 100th anniversary of Sugihara.[clarification needed][65]
In 2002, a memorial statue of Chiune Sugihara by Ramon G. Velazco titled "Chiune Sugihara Memorial, Hero of the Holocaust" was installed in the Little Tokyo neighborhood of Los Angeles, California, US. The life-size bronze statue depicts Sugihara seated on a bench and holding a hand-written visa. Adjacent to the statue is a granite boulder with dedication plaques and a quotation from the Talmud: "He who saves one life, saves the entire world." Its dedication was attended by consuls from Japan, Israel and Lithuania, Los Angeles city officials and Sugihara's son, Chiaki Sugihara.[66]
In 2007 he was posthumously awarded the Commander's Cross with the Star of the Order of Polonia Restituta,[67] and the Commander's Cross Order of Merit of the Republic of Poland by the President of Poland in 1996.[68] Also, in 1993, he was awarded the Life Saving Cross of Lithuania. He was posthumously awarded the Sakura Award by the Japanese Canadian Cultural Centre (JCCC) in Toronto in November 2014.
In June 2016, a street in Netanya, Israel, was named for Sugihara in the presence of his son Nobuki, as a number of Netanya's current residents are descendants of the Lithuanian Jews who had been given a means of escaping the Third Reich.[69] There is also a street named Rua Cônsul Chiune Sugihara in Londrina, Brazil.
The Lithuanian government declared 2020 "The Year of Chiune Sugihara", promising to erect a monument to him and issue postage stamps in his honor.[70] A monument to Sugihara, featuring origami cranes, was unveiled in Kaunas in October 2020.[71]
Sugihara Way in front of Congregation Beth David, Saratoga CA, US
Since October 2021, there is a Chiune Sugihara Square in Jerusalem as well as a Garden named for him in the Kiryat Hayovel neighborhood of the city.[72]
Biographies
Sugihara's widow with Lithuania's president Valdas Adamkus at a tree planting ceremony in Vilnius, Lithuania in 2001
Memorial, Sugihara Park, Vilnius
Sakura cherry trees, Sugihara Park, Vilnius
Levine, Hillel (4 November 1996). In Search of Sugihara: The Elusive Japanese Diplomat Who Risked his Life to Rescue 10,000 Jews From the Holocaust. Free Press. ISBN 978-0684832517.
Yukiko Sugihara, Visas for Life, translated by Hiroki Sugihara, San Francisco, Edu-Comm, 1995.
Yukiko Sugihara, Visas pour 6000 vies, traduit par Karine Chesneau, Ed. Philippe Picquier, 1995.
A Japanese TV station in Japan made a documentary film about Chiune Sugihara. This film was shot in Kaunas, at the place of the former embassy of Japan.
Sugihara: Conspiracy of Kindness (2000) from PBS shares details of Sugihara and his family and the fascinating relationship between the Jews and the Japanese in the 1930s and 1940s.[73]
A Special Fate: Chiune Sugihara: Hero of the Holocaust (2000), by Alison Leslie Gold, is a book for young readers (grades 5-10). The book draws on interviews with Sugihara's wife and other witnesses and weaves in the stories of two Jewish refugee families. The epilogue describes how Sugihara was finally honored in his own country and in Israel.
On 11 October 2005, Yomiuri TV (Osaka) aired a two-hour-long drama entitled Visas for Life about Sugihara, based on his wife's book.[74]
Chris Tashima and Chris Donahue made a film about Sugihara in 1997, Visas and Virtue, which won the Academy Award for Live Action Short Film.[75]
A 2002 children's picture book, Passage to Freedom: The Sugihara Story, by Ken Mochizuki and illustrated by Dom Lee, is written from the perspective of Sugihara's young sons and in the voice of Hiroki Sugihara (age 5, at the time). The book also includes an afterword written by Hiroki Sugihara.
In 2015, Japanese fictional drama film Persona Non Grata (杉原千畝 スギハラチウネ) was produced, Toshiaki Karasawa played Sugihara.
Notable Sugihara Visa Recipients
Leaders and students of the Mir Yeshiva, Yeshivas Tomchei Temimim (formally of Lubavitch/Lyubavichi, Russia) relocated to Otwock, Poland and elsewhere.
Yaakov Banai, commander of the Lehi movement's combat unit and later an Israeli military commander
Joseph R. Fiszman, professor emeritus of Political Science at the University of Oregon[76]
Robert Lewin, a Polish art dealer and philanthropist
Leo Melamed, financier, head of the Chicago Mercantile Exchange (CME), and pioneer of financial futures
John G. Stoessinger, professor of diplomacy at the University of San Diego
Marcel Weyland, translator
Zerach Warhaftig, an Israeli lawyer and politician, and a signatory of Israel's Declaration of Independence
George Zames, control theorist
Bernard and Rochelle Zell, parents of business magnate Sam Zell
See also
Individuals and groups assisting Jews during the Holocaust
Jewish settlement in the Japanese Empire
Aristides de Sousa Mendes
Ho Feng-Shan
Varian Fry
Tatsuo Osako
Setsuzo Kotsuji
Giorgio Perlasca
Thomas Hildebrand Preston, 6th Baronet
John Rabe
Abdol Hossein Sardari
Oskar Schindler
Raoul Wallenberg
Nicholas Winton
Jan Zwartendijk
Persona Non Grata (2015 film)
Nansen passport
Ładoś Group
Mir Yeshiva (Belarus)
October 2008
Discipline yourself so no one else has to.
Rules can't take the place of character.
www.flickr.com/photos/31246478@N06/
uh owh...um wrong date for Justin Cruz? was it in August or this month? I apologize...radio and tv I tell yeow!!! and Ron Mizutani aka Farrington New Hope...October 15th? Happy Bday my favorite News Steh shen KHON2...muahz 2 allz 4 me thanx ={)
Let us clear our throats...cough3, gag3, ralf3 n all yo evil peepoz faces... ;) heh heh heh
Haffeh Burfdei 2 yeoo!!! woowh!!!
Yeoo live N Duh Zeoo!!! woowh!!!
U L@@K like Juan Monkeh!!!! woowh!!!
N yeoo shmell like Juan Toe!!! woowh!!!
Jus Kidding, Haffah good Juan wit all yo family and frenz...n let dem all b positive Y 10-Q
As 4 all that who has passed....respect the passed, therefore, never b 4goten!!!!
N eh booh tay eye missed? so sorreh...pah leez 4give me...tanx ah...Levi Suzuki in PA
October 1
Dawn (LaRosa) and Landon Tafaoa Wed'n Annie 2001HPD Owh seh fers
Frank Madriz leaves the island for 2 weeks
Dinner with my kids and their daddy in Ewa Beach
Hangout with Wes Flores =)
October 2
Rochelle (Costales) Querubin Dynamic 88 Ypahu High School Bday
Take Mom to the Couple Lei Social Security Office
Hang out with Wes Flores little bit
Thanx Jaren Alika Tabuyo Lopes for your bike to Dean2. He loves it =) Muah ={)
Thanx Felisity Noelani Boys for your small clothing for Hunter =) she loves it too =) Muah ={)
Thanx Richie Gage Gabres for your legos and army men for Dean2 =) he loves it too
2 D Lost WWW...someone elses trash maybe someon else's treasure. get it? got it? great. don't grumble...be humble!!! don't hate...appreciate!!! butt hate what IZ evil and cling on to all thing good!
October 3
Last day to order Hooded Jackets from Ewa Beach Elementary School. Sorry kids, mommy no moa mullahz....next time...owh...thanx Daddy Dean1 for buying our son and daughter's Hooded Jackets =) butt no thanx to ur offer of a quickie...I don't do those Y thank you. And kids will be home by 7am tomorrow
Hangout with Wes Flores and Family =) heh heh heh...Nyse family I might add =)
October 4
2005 Flashback any KCCN FM100 DJz? Let me refresh all yallz memory...Juiced prize from Billy V $250 Mystery DJ was Lina Girl. I won the prize before even guessing her name...hee hee hee..thanx! You got any more? My mom getting all nutts cause she paying all my bills. Not my fault you all when turn evil on me. God sed to cling on to all things good and hate what IZ evil so there....N all yo evil mockers faces LMAO. owh and um jus' replay that juiced tape KCCN FM100 Cox Steh shen...heh heh heh..."R U related 2 N E Cox @$$0$#!7?" Me sed not yet...heh heh heh....have a great day allz...and shannon scott called a week or 2 later from his cell (808) 275-suh n to my verizon cell at that time about what day we can start picking up our prizes....Billy V (105.1 Hawn Kine) and Shannon Scott (KCCN/FM100) still talking o'wut? per Ivan Sanches aka Shannon Scott's cousin on HomeGrownHawaii.com only when deh work 2gether...Lie or Truth? N Eh Hu....have a great day allz!!! ... n wut t-shirt? d pro bowl juan? where's my mnmz ladat kine kuzez =p didn't I say sharing IZ caring? hhhmmm...Camp Wizzard of Lour Cox and Hellton evil mockers? Sorry, I'm booked LMAO =O
UH (32) against Fresno State (29)...owh Royal Makani...u still N Fresno? Alice was its? www.alice967.com/pages/makani.html Miss U ... Muah ={) U still getting MySpace Messages from the McKeague Gyrls? Jus wundrn...88s...butt flashbax 4 u Makani www.midweek.com/content/spotted/image_full/6927/ and www.flickr.com/photos/25451821@N06/
www.midweek.com/content/spotted/image_full/6922/
Hangout with Wes after Ohana day. Moanalua Gardens and drive to the North Shore til we had to turn around. God will take care. Watched "Lakeside Terrace"
October 5
Cinderella got locked out of the house 3:30am in the morning and 10pm at night by her step-mother LOL thanx nephew Richie Gage Gabres for unlocking the top lock muah ={) I was hanging out with Wes Thank you!!!! Watched "Eagle Eye"
RadioBigBoy.com
Thanx Ivan Sanches for your message on HomeGrownHawaii.com don't work too hard.
Thanx 4 ur visit and chit chatting my bestfriend 4ever dude. Don't let anyone tell you what to do. It's your choice! Jus' like how I chose to be a stay at home mommy lost WWW. It's a cruel world out there and my heart belongs to all things good like my kids...not your evil ways. And no, I am not koo koo! I am intellegent aka Genius aye RLBCH? Mahalo Ke Akua aka Thank God not me. I take orders from JAH and only JAH...not dah evil cruel world...all hu think my life was a game? it's not!!! Pay bax aye royal queen biatch (booh tay full, intellegent aka genius, almost almighty aka angel, clairvoyant/dreamer charmed and chosen of Go, hilarious) aint it...heh heh heh....right back at all yallz!!!! Kden!!! 88s
JAH afternoon sistah Rella!!! 88s
P.S. I still have Premonitions jus fyi =) Mahalo Ke Akua =)
Ihilani Canoy...missed call from u...u need a ride again? Auntie was sleeping...
Watch the Sunset or dinner again with my 2 babies and der dad? hhhmmm let me dwell on it a bit...kbye
October 6 - 13 Ewa Beach Elementary Fall Break =)
October 6
Auntie Cora Madriaga Bday
Loreta "Lori" (Lazaro) Cadiz Dynamic 88 Ypahu High School Bday
Ko'olina Lagoon 1 n my secret heh heh heh...snoozerz LMAO
Minnesota Vikings 30 New Orleans Saints 27 =)
owh Ihilani ... um...Auntie have no gas 4 2morrow =( so sorry
October 7
Montereyz Karaoke with Wes Flores N Family .... I nevah get locked out....hee hee hee amazing...saw your hubby Jimmy there Wendy Peterson of MySpace and um D Dude hu was from Ewa Beach with the green mango car that now lives in Kalihi out in back.
October 8
Lowen aka RLBCH muah ={) u mek me bitter...eye mean better =)
Have a safe trip to Vegas Marj and Troy Vicari...say HI 2 everyone 4 me...thanx =) n yes Marj...I still gedum....heh heh heh
Waikele Park and Pool with Hunter, Dean2, Patricia Asuncion, Felisity, Kayla, Jaren, and Wes ;)
Waipahu High School Dynamic Class Of 1988 Happy Bday
October 9
Happy Bday Ivan Sanches Aiea High 1986 and on HomeGrownHawaii Natl Gaurdsman N HPD Owh seh fer, C U N Haleiwa ;)
NYSE hearing from you Virgin Virgil Seatriz of Maui No Ka Oishi Desu Ne...evreh booh tay still miss meh on MySpace? LMAO ;) Ne-yo's "all because of you" hold muzak iz berreh NYSE =)
Dollar Movies N Town wit d Ohana "Kung Fu Panda" Thanx ohana...??Stalkers...choke!!!
Ocean Club had some hunnehz n der working...wow ;) when's the re-opening? can my VIP Studebakers Card get me in? ;)
Nuuanu Family bonding and Pizza N eh juan for dinner? N thanx 4 d threads 4 Dean2 and skooter and skateboard =) Mahalo Plenteh!!! Watched "Another Cinderella Story" =)
October 10
Mike Colozzi ICOM in Kahala Happy Bday Muah ={)
Dale Earnhardt Jr Happy Bday
Mario Lopez =) Happy Bday thanx 102.7 da bomb steh shen muah ={)
Water Balloon Fight N D Backyard
Cuzzin Rox...u beep beeped me and called? I radio'd back...what did you need?
October 10 and 11 4
Waipahu High School
Dynamic Class of 1988
"20 Year Las Vegas Reunion"
WHEN & WHERE:
Social Night
Friday, October 10, 2008
7pm - 11pm
RA Sushi Bar Restaurant @ Fashion Show Mall
3200 Las Vegas Boulevard South #1132
Las Vegas NV
(702) 696-0008
COST:
$10 per person (RA Sushi Bar)
slide show www.slide.com/r/O2JZNf4Q6j_B-OAmVefmRcVb5UzlngsC?previous...
Class Dinner
Saturday, October 11, 2008
5:30pm - 10pm
Fremont Hotel, Downtown Las Vegas
200 Fremont Street
Las Vegas, NV 89101
COST:
$40 per person (Fremont Hotel)
RSVP BY:
June 30, 2008
(After July 1, 2008 - $10 Late Fee)
MAIL TO:
Waipahu Class of 1988
c/o 925 Ala Lilikoi Street #202
Honolulu, HI 96818
CONTACT:
Phone: (808) 277-9014
EMAIL: waipahu1988@yahoo.com
TRAVEL ASSISTANCE:
Noland Magbaleta
(808) 778-4921
Patrice Pastor
Jayne & Emmanuel Kaai
janynek@helloworld.com
(808) 551-0610
These are the ones that are going:
**pending payment
Juvy Abad
Pamela (Saramosing) Abad-Kansas
Cher Daguman-Adams
Glenn Alcalde
Sheldon Anguay-Vegas
Leilani (Manuel) Ayers-California
Cris Bartolome
Marvic Bartolome-Vegas
Conan Berongis
Allan Bonsilao
Diana Bueno
Thomas Bush-Vegas**
Lisa (Ramiscal) Cabais**
Lori (Shiroma) & Robert Carino-Vegas
Dawn Castellano
Robin (Chambers) Chang-Washington
Darilyn (Ceno) Cochran-Texas
Denise (Dudoit) Compehos-Vegas
Joce (Pascual) Dacuycuy
Rene Dela Cruz-Maui
Rose (Domingo) Dela Cruz
Christine (Arigo) Donabedian-Washington
Lori Escobido--Vegas**
Marites (Mendoza) Espinosa-Vegas
Jaylyn (Aguada) Estabilio**
Erron Engbino
Mario Fines-Vegas
Geoffrey Gasmen
Lianne (Gambol) Gilbert-New York
Shane Hamamoto
James Higaki
Janet (Clemente) Iboshi**
Kim (kamaka) Jhun**
Leilani (Tadena) Kam
Nicole Kaneapua**
David Kaui-Vegas
Walter Keckhut-Arizona**
Wanda Kina-Arizona
Lawrence Kuamoo
Kam Lai
Angela (Ildefonso) Mccolor
Markita (Abbot) Mcnair
David Medina-California**
Maria Mino**
Mary Joy Natgalon**
Lalaine (Fuentes) Palabrica-Washington
Warfe Pasicaran
Patrice Pastor-California
Janine Place**
Shel (Costales) Querubin**
Darin Quiocho-California
Dave Rivera-Vegas**
Lorena Rosete**
Marc & Alissa (Vallente) Sabate
Curtis Sakauye**
Veronica (todd) Salley-Vegas**
Michelle Salvado**
Elsa (Sabas) Santa Elena-Georgia
Alden Simbahon
Palee (Sithiyothakarn) Swisher-Arizona
Zena (Sales) Torres--California
Karen Tunstall-California
Jessica (Telles) Ulep**
Emily (Agos) Valle
Jessnard Valle
Renee (Alcantara) Vallesteros
Marjorie (Pascual) Vicari**
Caroline Villa
Kenneth Villanueva-Washington
Josette (Endo) Wakakuwa
Nancy (Pagurigan) Walker-Vegas
Winona (Cadiente) White-Florida**
Wailani Wong**
Annabelle (Fabia) Yamada
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waipahu_High_School
Alma Mater
Midst the waving tassles,
stands Waipahu High.
Breezes from the mountains
sweep across the skies.
Let us pledge our love to
Alma Mater.
Keep the precepts
without fail.
In loving praise,
our voices raise:
WAIPAHU, our high school,
Our Alma Mater hail.
ALL HAIL WAIPAHU!
HAIL WAIPAHU!
HAIL! X3
October 11
Dentist Appointment 4 Dean2 and Hunter...der daddy wrote a check Ladies of Dr Teruya's office. No cavities...only on baby teeth. Next check up Saturday April 25th 2009 11:15am I think. Thanx Dr Teruya and cashier in back. The girls in the front gave wrong billing rate...How cum? erreh time...owh well...thanx all.
Then shop bound to watch Nascar Racing on ESPN #31 1st place.
Watch movies with Wes later =) Tokyo Drift...N I nevah get locked out again...amazing...heh heh heh home at 12:15am
October 12
LA Lakers 2005 at the Stan Sherrif Center flash bax d next day battle of the sexes LA wut steh shen? hhhmmm And Tina Laguit, great pix I took of Kobe Bryant aye, court side seating near Mufi Hannemann? heh heh heh all yours....
My 2 babies with me while daddy go bike riding =) yipee =) chee hee!!! 9:30am - 6pm me think =) if it doesn't rain...had my kids til 6:30pm =)
No texting me please..."network not available" I must be out of this world lol I might suspend my cell number cause no funds LOST www. Jus call home if you guys got the home number and leave a message lol
And hu calls my cell and dont leave a message? owh LOST WWW who's number is (808) 679-6562? I should list the numbers on my cell that don't leave a message on here so the LOST WWW can call them...heh heh heh...that's an Idea =) let me dwell on that a bit.....laundry time =)
ok I'm done dwelling...owh LOST WWW does N E of these digits belong to you? Leave a message next time you call....
(808) 429-8255 Kaleo Pilanca aka KP
leave message next time! lol n hu called after u? (808) 428-6818 butt I know u guys still communitcating wit dah madriagaz...LMFAO =0 hardee harr harr
(808) 585-8854
(808) 433-5000
(808) 474-6692
(808) 520 3785
(724) 255-5838
(808) 368-1790
(808) 479-8286
(886) 953-2606
(808) 677-8085
(808) 223-7112
(808) 722-6127
(808) 689-1321
(808) 224-9277
sprint/nextel n e juan?
184*3*12935
184*3*20510
184*3*8586
if you guys get crank calls...no blame me, deh all called me first with out leaving a message so rite bak at all yallz!!! heh heh heh 2 can play that game...I suggest you all change ur digits or don't answer ur calls like me and b selective pah hah hah hah hah hah
wut step-mother? clean up the rooms too? no moa room foa clean up dah rooms...too much dang clothes with no drawers LMFAO =P pah hah hah hah hah hah...kbye allz...signing oots
Watched "The X Filezzzzzzzzzzzzzz with Wes =)
October 13
JAH Morn'n allz =) have a GREAT day =)
Slick Vick Happy Bday
Columbus Day
Canadian Thanksgiving
Cousin Charlene Jane Bendico Bday n owh canada muah ={)
Owh Chassidy K M Nee...correction on your MySpace
profile.myspace.com/index.cfm?fuseaction=user.viewprofile...
Chas:) your (You're aka you are) the reason for the smile on my face.aha
"expect nothing,& APPRECIATE EVERYTHING"
Female
15 years old
Waimanalo, Hawaii
United States
Last Login: 10/12/2008
This profile is set to private. This user must add you as a friend to see his/her profile.
Hangout with Wes and Ohana =) Monday Knight Football on ESPN and Phillies and Dodgers Baseball Game =), UPS Ypio N amazing I wuznt locked out agaian. LMAO =O
October 14
JAH Morn N allz read my YouTube.com lateleh? heh heh heh I luv it...MTV or VH1 N eh Juan?
Last day to order EBES Zipper Jackets with the Ewa Beach Elementary School logo. If you have already placed your order and would like a zippered jacket, please contact Cathy Wilson at (808) 689-1271
Owh Victoria Lum of the Hellton Hawn Bitch Resort & Spa...I'm du'n great n not rot'n n dat hell whole Y thank u. Almost a year out of that prison...Let's celebrate LMAO...as for the Elvis Presley Cards from Wal*Mart, call the operator from the Hellton Village Cafe for Ranelle Akau press "0" for the Prison Operator and ask if she can buy them for U. I am a stay at home mommy and not getting paid by no one on this cruel Lost WWW...I am getting paid by the Almighty Y thank u =) Have a great day allz...
Owh and Jenn/Jerr...as for the Sprint/Nextel Bill...I give u permission to suspend or cancel the services. N eh booh tay needs me they can call home if they have the home number or email meh...heh heh heh...I reactivated my uka million email accounts hardee harr harr
Allan B...thanx 4 ur call and the heads up on who and what happened N Vegas...I guess that saying isnt true, "wut hapnz n vegas stayz n vegas" ;) kidn. NYSE chat'n wit'chah =) I cant wait to c the 20th Reunion pix on www.myspace.com/dynamic1988 and great to hear Juvy Abad will make another get together for our class N 2 months. I'll be there most def =) Talk to you again soon. N really? Leilani Manuel Ayers hubby Daniel Scott Ayers looks like hu again? Will Ferrel? I better email Lani LOL...Red Rock you guys went to N Vegas...I have yet to check that place out....wen I have mullahz that IZ...lol
You got my email LudyAnn Capitle in Texas and all our Hawai'i Troopers? That's Entertainment with Lour LOL
Hungout with Wes again =)
October 15
JAH Morn'n allz...have a great day =)
2006 Earthquake 6.7 magnitude in Hawai'i
Ewa Beach Elementary Schools 50th Anniversary in the 2009 - 2010 meeting 2pm in the school library. Thanks! That was a great experience...hope all goes well for next year =)
Remove everything online regarding Ewa Beach Elementary Students due to the forms that were signed by parents in the beginning of the school year per the Principal...owh well...so much for my master pieces....heh heh heh all gone...ohana bonding on youtube.com and flickr.com only...heh heh heh...it was fun while it lasted...carry on Ewa Beach Elementary School and thanx aye bunch.
Power Outage N d Moena Hud 6:46 - 8:02pm...
October 16
MySpace Comment from Haunted Plantation...thanx 4 d Nveyet butt me scared like crap...Njoy allz...Shanna Kealoha...ur fam biz reyet eye think? n u leaving messages to me behind d scenes about KP n BVO? ;) kidn
1999 Earthquake 7.0 magnitude in California but felt as far as Las Vegas Nevada
2007 Beat around da bush pete in couple lei aye RCA? heh heh heh
2005 Rumours fundraising for aye Halau aye MC knight n king dweeb armor? =p
2007 Last day of being in prison at the hellton hawaiian bitch resort & spa worked 1/2 day...called in sick til Oct 31 then no call no show from November 2007 on....make all your own dreams come true lost www. I'm done making your dreams come true. God gave me rest and making all my dreams come true not yours LMAO =O Mahalo Ke Akua =) I'm on God's time and they're all on Evil time aka Money IZ their master while God IZ Mines =)
Flashbax Cox and Hellton? click on (more info) after the date of August 12, 2008 to refresh all you evil mockers memoreh...heh heh heh www.youtube.com/watch?v=TAsfPY7Nw6w
National Bosses Day? pah hah hah hah hah hah!!! owh evil cruel world...urz IZ moneh N mines IZ D Creator of all!!!! He IZ D Best Boss n d Ntire WWW galaxeh, universe and out of the world!!! Hu getting paid $250? cox n hellton n ohana a na kama? pah hah hah hah hah hah lmfao...pardon my french =P
October 17
2007 Last Log in On MySpace.com and Friendster.com for Lourdes Madriaga LOL...should I make a new one? hee hee hee
profile.myspace.com/jesusitsallaboutu profiles.friendster.com/lourdesmadriaga .... to much fake people and dramahz I don't need on there LMFAO =O
sorry LOST WWW me onz youtube.com and homegrownhawaii.com and bebo.com Try it, you might LOVE it =)
choke channels and choke views...c yea myspace and friendsters heh heh heh
www.homegrownhawaii.com/LourNFam
200 views and 19,510 members so far and climbing higher =)
My Private Page with Wes Flores....heh heh heh
Flickr.com...I got choke accounts with choke @$$ views...heh heh heh...look on LOST WWW!!! Mahalo Ke Akua!!!
(Tentative...might b MIA...due to unforeseen circumstances..things came up so sorry)
Ewa Beach Elementary School
America's Choice School
91-740 Papipi Road
Ewa Beach, HI 96706
(808) 689-1271
Parent Workshop #2 Achieve 3000 8:30-10am
School Community Council Parent Meeting 10-11am
Pizza and beverages will be served after the meeting...owh yum yum yum jus' like the Penny Carnival =)
165.248.6.166/data/school.asp?schoolcode=254
www.oiasports.com/sports/football
7:30pm White Division Aiea and Moanalua Football Game. Go Phillip Madriaga #19 and Na Ali'i. C U there also Ihilani Canoy, Puakea and Pono Gregory Moanalua High School Vars and JV Cheerleaders.
Happy Bday David "Ziggy" Marley (Parents: Robert "Bob" Nesta Marley and Rita) thanx 102.7 da bomb party baby steh shen ;)
LOST: Hunter Smith's Library Card. Ewa Beach Public Library I hope someone turns it in =( It's probably in the parking lot =( and Daddy Dean we hope you went to check. If not then we'll check saturday.
FOUND: Hunter's Library Card was stuck in Dean2 books...me call u soon to reactivate Ewa Beach Elementary Public Library =)
Nyse seeing you Cherido at Wal*Mart Royal Kunia =) Take Care and God Bless =)
Ypio with Jenn and Jerr 4 a little bit.
October 18
Davina Barrios Happy Bday
Lucky Dube - Gaurdian Angel 2007
Ohana Day with my kids =)
Bonsai Reastaurant and Lounge at Knight with D Adult Madriagaz =) Thanx
www.flickr.com/photos/31246478@N06/
sonecessary.starbulletin.com/adventures-in-clubland-bonsa...
honolulu.metromix.com/bars-and-clubs/photogallery/party-p...
honolulu.metromix.com/bars-and-clubs/photogallery/party-p...
October 19
Daddy Dean going biking again and my na keiki with me chee hee =)
Ohana day with all my kids =) Chas, Dean2, Hunter and Mom Charmaine and Fely...and Ko'olau and WAS aka Windward Adventist School in Kailua 12:30-3:15pm
www.flickr.com/photos/30869619@N04/
Hangout wit Wes =)
October 20
Snoop Dogg'z 37th Bday thanx 102.7 88s
Melynda Lou (DeVera) and Derek Sato Wedn Annie 2001
Daniel Yoro Happy Bday
Jewelia Nicole Madriaga 1st Bday Muah ={)
7am - 1:15pm Babysit Tryten Lee Makakoa Vicari in the Morning =) 4 luv...yeps..me luv dem kids...all u kid haters...so sux 2 b u kuz u b stuk on earth or hell bound cum ur judgement day....pah hah hah hah hah hah www.youtube.com/watch?v=vkGAGOIFyak
www.flickr.com/photos/29157652@N04/page2/
www.flickr.com/photos/31246478@N06/
owh and Ma Pat Vicari, evereh booh tay taking care me =) since I did take care of all of them...it's pay back time =) heh heh heh
?huh? 21 time for a change? from london boy? nutts rlbch? three 6 mafia ;) 88s
Wow ZBL has a MySpace Page now? GREAT =) My luvz 2 u n ur ohana 4 me N #1 DAD Jesse Canoy Jr...pah hah hah hah hah hah...hee hee hee...crak otots...hu u like me chek out on yo page? only get chix ;) my luvz 2 ur na keiki 4 me and ur ohana butt u..heh heh heh sorry Ihilani...I missed ur call yesterday, I was hanging out wit Uncle Wes =) more smooching ;) butt yes I did c ur fellow cheerleading mates of Moanalua High School Na Menehune =) Pono and Puakea Gregory on Sunday at Windward Adventist School in Kailua O'ahu. 88s 2 u allz
Hantout wit Wes =)
October 21
Daniel Yoro Jr Happy BDay
7am - 2:30pm Babysit Tryten Lee Makakoa Vicari in the Morning =) 4 luv...yeps..me luv dem kids...all u kid haters...so sux 2 b u kuz u b stuk on earth or hell bound cum ur judgement day....pah hah hah hah hah hah
Hangout wit Wes =)
October 22
Vince May Happy Bday
Tony Sagucio Happy Bday
7am - 11:30am Babysit Tryten Lee Makakoa Vicari in the Morning =) 4 luv...yeps..me luv dem kids...all u kid haters...so sux 2 b u kuz u b stuk on earth or hell bound cum ur judgement day....pah hah hah hah hah hah
owh WWW...my Text on my cell not working...so sorry...I'm still out of this world and Jenn it still says "Network Not Available" Save your texting WWW thanx =)
Flashbax Ladies First I aka Us Gyrlz and Company?
www.flickr.com/photos/31653488@N03/
www.flickr.com/photos/30869619@N04/
www.flickr.com/photos/31945036@N08/
October 23
owh ebes computer...heh heh heh no comment ;) lunch meals taken care of 1st 2 quarters thanx 2 step-mother lol thanx...heh heh heh
N yes, Luau Committee I am 4 D 50th Anniversary 4 Ewa Beach Elementary School 2009 - 2010 school year...brain farts...whens the next meeting? ;) jus FYI...I am D Fart Raid...eye mean PARTY heh heh heh
Thanx 4 ur hugs again Kailey Tapaoan...3 ...so sweet
Hung out with Wes =)
Thursday, October 23, 2008 12:17 PM
Guess who finally is engaged ?
Hi everyone, She is finally back from her 3 week vacation from the East Coast. Ryan proposed to her after her Birthday in New York. Yes, Davina finally is going to get married. She said sometime next year in March. Have a great week everyone. Luvs,Mirm
October 24
CANCELLED - Mary J Blige Concert - Friday Blaisdell Arena Honolulu Hawai'i with www.1027dabomb.net/
The Partying Steh Shen
Hu Parties 7 Knights a week =)
Happy ALOHA Friday =) Zima? dang...we used to drink that at the Old Joy Square at the Hellton Hawn Bitch and Studebakers 1995 in my MySpace Pix ... butt eye used to break out in hives...that drink was onolicious =) viewmorepics.myspace.com/index.cfm?fuseaction=user.viewPi...
Lani, Andrea, Cris, Zary, and Lour...no longer Prizonerz!!! Thank GOD!!!
Janice "Sweetie" Bolosan on MySpace and Dynamic 88 Classmate...happy Bday
Schofield Bowling Center with Wes Flores =) Nyse meeting you Art Maglangit of Mililani =) Yes I know your niece Marla Maglangit and I did go to her 1st Wedding her and Michael Irion. Her 2nd was at the Turtle Bay Resort I know and my older sister Mirm went to it. The kids love it there. Anyways, yes she got remarried on 07.07.07 (80's concierto wit d ohana @ Pipeline =) to Greg Ravelo and he's a realtor in town aye? Jus' tell them I'm the gyrl hu uzed 2 work at the Hellton LMAO. Sorry Marz and Greg Ravelo, I'm no longer a prizoner. But it was my pleasure booking ur friends and family in them cells lol. owh and Art their MC was =P lol at both weddings.
owh and Army Dude with a las' nem Philips...thanx 4 calling me sunshine =) I am...heh heh heh...and gentlemen waving people in 4 car wash...I'm taken hee hee hee...but d 3rds a charm u sed? hhhmmm, I heard that 1 b4 aye Eric "Happily Married 2 juan Kumu Hula, wink wink at me broken eyez Lee" at the Cheese Factory with Cleo McKeague. Owh Cleo I saw ur son Nawai n d West O'ahu pepah Nanakuli High School Lifting weights...deh still got dem pix of d LA Lakers Pix I gave u? N U N Me at d Stan Sherrifffff 2005 October? hee hee hee great memories aye?
owh n SD Sinclair DryWall Kailua....wow...u guyz can bowl after work? 12:00pm? sheesh...lucky buggahz aye? U guys so mok out...so pidgeon 2 dah max eye tell yeoo....
www.garrison.hawaii.army.mil/haw.asp
N chick on dah road on yo cell fone!!! No Toot yo horn at me and stick fingah kuz right bak @chah!!! sheesh...slow down 8!7(# mek u come close tuh me n I step on dah brakes...I dare u bang in 2 me ... heh heh heh... I toot my horn back at u c if yo party on dah adah line can hear u 8!7(3!N9 ! about meh!!! me Pele'e so watch out!!! sorry kids...mommy wen swear I know and yes....GOD IZ so watchin!!! 4gives!!!
102.7 da bomb...u guyz trow me off wit dat local musicians on yo steh shen...wen dat commercial pau n eh way? LMAO ;)
High School Musical 3 Movies =) Pearl Highlands Regal Theatre. Nyse seeing u again Jerry Gungap Ypahu Grad 1991 and Hellton Priznor still? GREAT movie =) Gabriella Made a difference and so am EYE!!! Change ur hearts Lost WWW!!! Galatians 5:22-23 Jus like my bday =) and party like a rock star...2days lol
Shane Victorino Day =) Go Phillies =) U can do it!!!
Have a GREAT weekend all!!!! 88s aka xoxo aka hugs n kisses
October 25
Tati of TypicalYouth.com Happy Bday
chas nee n kailua jv cheerleaders
www.youtube.com/watch?v=sqZQ43T7PHM
kailua cheerbabes. october 25th, 2008 pre-season competition.
Davina and Ryan's Casa 4 Davina'z Sweet 16 and Engagement thang =) Congrats again and great proposal Ryan in New York on a carriage. =)
www.flickr.com/photos/31246478@N06/
October 26
Joanne Calbero MySpace and Dynamic 88 Classmate Happy Bday
Music now playing: 102.7 Da Bomb
Party Station 7 Knights A Weak ;)
Waipahu Honolulu O'ahu
(808) 296-1027
Laundry and cruising in town and schofield Bowling Center with Wes =)
Owh Victoria Lum, Elvis Cards...Call Ranelle Akau ur Hellton Operator..she still N prison o'wut? heh heh heh
Marla Maglangit Ravelo...did u retrieve ur email az well? It's about ur Uncle Art Maglangit I met at Schofield Bowling Center.
Virgin Virgil Of Maui No Ka Oishi Desu Ne...U got my email to o'wut? Wut U guyz missed out on MySpace for 1 yr on Flickr.com hee hee hee...you to Kalei Perez and Ohana =) Mean ah MyLife...It's sponsored by JAH!!! and no one elses!!! Mahalo Ke Akua!!!
October 27
JAH Morning allz...sorry my texting plan IZ still out of this world...I best be change my digits of 2 years lol Message to Sprint/Nextel...my message reads this when I try to get into the texting field: "You are not currently provisioned for Two-way Messagin. If you would like to subscribe to it, contact your Nextel Representative or press 'Call'." You guyz put me on hold forever!!! I have things to do. FIX IT!!! If not, it's all good, I don't need to text but change my plan to no texting plan then...heh heh heh
Ko'olau Nee Happy Bday
7am - 12:20pm Babysit Tryten Lee Makakoa Vicari in the Morning =) 4 luv...yeps..me luv dem kids...all u kid haters...so sux 2 b u kuz u b stuk on earth or hell bound cum ur judgement day....pah hah hah hah hah hah...thanx 4 breakfast and lunch Vicari ohana muah ={) all the days that I baby sit Little Precious Tryten =)
Thanx Doris Sagusio for your email on HomeGrownHawaii.com....hope to chat witu soon....my luvz 2 all 4 me...mahalo nui loa muah ={) muah ={) muah ={)
Pick up my 2 babies at Ewa Beach Elementary while der daddy was having lunch with his biker buddies. Nyse seeing u again Asia muah ={) give our luvz 2 Demi and d ohana...thanx =)
High School Musical 3 #1 this past weekend? GREAT =)
October 28
7am - 2:30pm Babysit Tryten Lee Makakoa Vicari in the Morning =) 4 luv...yeps..me luv dem kids...all u kid haters...so sux 2 b u kuz u b stuk on earth or hell bound cum ur judgement day....pah hah hah hah hah hah...thanx 4 breakfast and lunch Vicari ohana muah ={) all the days that I baby sit Little Precious Tryten =)
Kmart Ykele bought Hunters Spider Witch Costume from her daddy while he went out bike riding with his buddy. =) more time with the kids 4 me...thanx
Thanx Jenn and Sprint/Nextel ... sorry LOST WWW my texting plan still sux...I can retrieve text butt not text out...owh well... what's a good carrier? Thanx 4 ur assistance Aaron the Rep =) I got ur digits via ur test text. I'll call u wen I need help, Mahalo Plenteh...sum booh tah really screwed up my plan aye?
Keh hu called n no leave message today on my cell gun fun its...
(866) 888 5233 at 12:27pm Hawaii Time ... I was baby sitting!!! hee hee hee
(808) 628-8853 I was trying to get marungay in d back yard for Marj!!! hee hee hee...have a safe trip Marj, Tryten and Tory tomorrow and show dem all what u gots on Friday night....muah ={)
Tuesday, October 28, 2008 6:04 AM Aloha My San Diego Boys
From: Warren G Valbuena
Hi Lourdes!
How are you? Hope all is well...Thanks for the pics! What a trip! We should plan a Hawaii and Cali reunion! =) That brought back some memories! Thanks again!
www.flickr.com/photos/31653488@N03/
www.flickr.com/photos/30869619@N04/
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I haven't been on myspace lately...I'm now on Facebook more. It's much better. Joy and Dawn are on there too. You need to join us on Facebook!
Miss you all too! Keep in touch and take care! God Bless!
Much Love from Daygo! =)
Warren G.
Angel Unciano Happy Bday
October 29
Ewa Beach Elementary School Parent/Teacher Conference for Dean D Smith II and Hunter A J Smith
165.248.6.166/data/school.asp?schoolcode=254
EBES School Costume Fart Raid...eye mean Parade ;)
Marj, Tryten, and Tory leaves for Cali. Good Luck Tory at Pleasanton Cali...Dance ur booh tay off and show them all what U got! My Luvz to Auntie Hoku and Halau 4 me...thanx =) I'll take you 3 to the airport then head to EBES for the Fart Raid I mean Costume Parade LOL.
October 30
Take Wes to the airport. Flying out to the east coast til November 2 =(
Thursday, October 30, 2008 7:54 AM
I'm leaving for the "ROCK"
From: "Capitle, Ludyann B SSG NG NG FORSCOM"
Hi guys
I just wanted to let you all know that I had a blast on my 4day pass. I went to Vegas not to gamble but to spend time with Jeff, my daughter Jewels and to make up for her 1 year old Birthday. We were 2 days late because our pass didn't start till the 24th of October and her bday is 20Oct. Anyways I'm packing up and getting ready to move out to Kuwait on the 3rd of November. I hope that we can continue to keep in touch and who knows maybe I'll get a carepackage with goodies...hahahahaha JOKE! Honestly I may be miles away but I hope that we can continue to keep in touch. I miss you all and please keep us and our families in your prayers. Untill then I'll be back in a year!
My address and email address is:
SSG Ludy Ann Capitle
HHC, 29th BSB
Command Cell
APO AE 09815
AKO: Ludyann.Capitle@us.army.mil
Kuwait: ludyann.capitle@asab.afcent.af.mil
Myspace: kauaigirl163@hotmail.com
Till then I miss u all......
V/R
SSG Ludy Ann Capitle
S1 Human Resources Sergeant
HHC, 29th BSB
PH: 254-288-0308
Ludyann.Capitle@us.army.mil
October 31
Happy Halloween
Pot Luck and BYOB/D @ D Moena Hood from D Madriaga Ohana 6pm - Midnight....have fun Madriaga Ohana...we might make it...LMFAO
Trick or Treating for the small children and grown up adults =)
Pearlridge Uptown and Downtown ...5pm - candies run out me be der wit my 2 babies =) Luv Miss M.I.A heh heh heh
Ohana Night with Mom, Dad, at the Baldueza Residence in Ewa Beach Trick or Treating and then Moena Hud wit Da Madriagaz.
Obake at Bonsai Restaurant & Lounge in Restaurant Row www.flickr.com/photos/31246478@N06/
Torylynn Vicari wins 1st Place Soloist in Pleasanton California =) You Go Gyrl!!! C U Soon!!! My Luvz 2 D Halau 4 me...thanx =)
88 88 88 88 88 88 88 88 88 88
Aloha with D 88s aka xoxo aka hugz n kisses, SoulJAH Mommy Lourdes Saludes Madriaga aka "B All Dat U can Pee eye mean B... Chee Hee!!
peace out!!!
muzak now playing 102.7 da bomb baby =)
(808) 296-1027
The Partying Steh Shen
Hu Parties 7 Knights a week =)
November Bdayz 2008
www.flickr.com/photos/31246478@N06/
flickr.com/photos/31943756@N02/
88 88 88 88 88 88 88 88 88 88
message to all: if you talk to me piss off or in an angry tone...I will so ignore you because that is so a negative! do on to others as you would want them to do on to you...so there...I have no time for your angry negative and gossing/rumours mout LMAO
Masami Teraoka (born 1936) is a Japanese-American contemporary artist. His work includes ukiyo-e-influenced woodcuts and paintings. Teraoka was born in Onomichi in Hiroshima prefecture. He studied from 1954-59 at the Kwansei Gakuin University in Kobe, Japan where he received his B.A. in Aesthetics. He moved to the United States in 1961 and from 1964-68 attended the Otis Art Institute he received a B.F.A. and M.F.A.
His early work consisted primarily of watercolor paintings and prints that mimicked the flat, bold qualities of ukiyo-e woodblock prints. These paintings, done after his arrival in the United States, often featured the collision of the two cultures. Series such as McDonald's Hamburgers Invading Japan and 31 Flavors Invading Japan characterize themes in the work in this time period. These pieces blended reality with fantasy, humor with commentary, history with the present.
In the 1980s, Teraoka shifted palette and scale to depict AIDS as a subject, transforming his ukiyo-e derived paintings into a darker realm. Since the late 1990s, he has been producing large-scale narrative paintings addressing social and political issues, especially abuse in the Catholic Church. These large-scale paintings are inspired by well-known Renaissance paintings, rather than by Japanese woodblock prints.
Teraoka has been the subject of more than 70 solo exhibitions, many of which have traveled extensively, including those organized by the Whitney Museum of American Art in 1980; The Contemporary Museum, Honolulu in 1988; and the Yale University Art Gallery in 1998. Also in 1996 he was featured in a solo exhibition at the Arthur M. Sackler Gallery, Smithsonian Institution and in 1997 at the Asian Art Museum, San Francisco. His work is in more than 50 public collections worldwide.
Wasn't sure if I wanted to keep this photo up, but after a few days it didn't look as bad as I had thought. 3/28/13's wdywt, constructive criticism is much appreciated. thanks
I was asked by UNIQLO to create six designs for their Nippon-Omiyage T-shirt lineup, the first in the series were Tokyo, Ginza and Kobe. All using handmade typography and a connection to the location itself.
ユニクロの「日本のお土産シリーズ」のデザインに参加させて頂きました。全6デザインの内、今回発売されたのは「東京」「銀座」「神戸」の三都市のお土産です。ハンドメイドのタイポグラフィーを使って、それぞれの街のイメージを表現しています。
The traditional heart of Tokyo's upmarket shopping, dining and gallery district has historically been Ginza (since being rebuilt in the 1870’s).
In keeping with the ‘omiyage’ theme of the design and a connection to the shear number of foreign stores in Ginza I wanted to include the traditional western ‘from Ginza with love’ message you often find on gifts from Europe and America. Basing everything around the shape of a heart created with pieces that form the kanji for the place itself.
銀座は1870年代の再建以来、伝統的な高級ショッピング、レストラン、ギャラリー街の中心地となっています。海外ブランドのお店が立ち並ぶ「銀座」と今回のテーマである「おみやげ」を重ね合わせて、欧米の「お土産」のメッセージとしてよく見られる「from GINZA with LOVE」" 銀座より愛を込めて "を入れてみました。ハートの形を形成しているパーツによって、銀座の文字をあしらいました。
Nominees for the 90th Oscars® were celebrated at a luncheon held at the Beverly Hilton, Monday, February 5, 2018. The 90th Oscars will air on Sunday, March 3, live on ABC.
Front Row Left to Right: Mike Meinardus, Evelyn O’Neill, Glen Gauthier, Ziad Doueiri, Katja Benrath, Lou Sheppard, Marco Morabito, Brad Zoern, Scott Neustadter, Laura Checkoway, Kobe Bryant, Ildikó Enyedi, Raphael Saadiq, Paul Denham Austerberry, Josh Lawson, Michael Green, Vanessa Taylor, James Mangold, Richard King and Reed Van Dyk
Second Row: Thomas Lennon, Peter Spears, Sidney Wolinsky, Jakob Schuh, Scott Frank, Jan Lachauer, Scott Benza , Darla K. Anderson, Alex Gibson, Gary Rizzo, Daniel Phillips, Laurie Metcalf, Nora Twomey, David Malinowski, Luis Sequeira, Christopher Townsend, Daniel Barrett, Stephen Rosenbaum, Jeff White, Mark Bridges, Tobias Rosen, Joel Whist, Emily V. Gordon and Kumail Nanjiani.
Third Row: Ru Kuwahata, Jonathan Amos, Douglas Urbanski, Dana Murray, Justin Paul, Richard R. Hoover, Carter Burwell, Matthew Wood, David Heilbroner, Feras Fayyad, Kate Davis, Eli Bush, Paul Machliss, Eric Fellner, Megan Ellison, Richard Jenkins, Ren Klyce, Timothée Chalamet, Ruben Östlund, Shane Vieau, Dan Laustsen, Elaine McMillion Sheldon, Kerrin Sheldon, Dave Mullins, Rachel Shenton, Mark Mangini, Anthony Leo and Mark Weingarten.
Fourth Row: Michael Semanick, Mike Mulholland, Gabriel Grapperon, Lisa Bruce, Kazahiro Tsuji, Julie Goldman, Nathan Robitaille, Bruno Delbonnel, Victor Caire, Sally Hawkins, Diane Warren, Bryan Fogel, Lee Smith, Kevin Wilson Jr., Arjen Tuiten, Daniel Lupi, Saoirse Ronan, JoAnne Sellar, Nelson Ferreira, Ivan Mactaggart, Emilie Georges, Doug Hemphill, Katie Spencer, Daniel Kaluuya, Dennis Gassner, Lucy Sibbick, Gregg Landaker, Christian Cooke, Graham Broadbent, Max Porter, and Stuart Wilson.
Fifth Row: Virgil Williams, Mark Mitten, Frank Stiefel, Lori Forte, Chris Overton, Tom McGrath, Glen Keane, Chris Corbould, John Nelson, Dee Rees, Lee Unkrich, Margot Robbie, Dan Cogan, Paul Thomas Anderson, Hugh Welchman, Gary Oldman, Dan Lemmon, J. Miles Dale, Taura Stinson, Jacqueline Durran, Yance Ford, Willem Dafoe, Allison Janney, Sebastián Lelio, Rachel Morrison, Jordan Peele, Kristen Anderson Lopez, Robert Lopez, Michael H. Weber, Joslyn Barnes, Sean McKittrick, Thomas Lee Wright, Benj Pasek, Dan Sudick and David Parker
Sixth Row: Alexandre Desplat, Mary J Blige, Amy Pascal, Gary Fettis, Octavia Spencer, Guillermo del Toro, Ben Morris, Aaron Sorkin, Kristie Macosko Krieger, Jeff Melvin, Hoyt van Hoytema, Andrey Zvyagintsev, Sarah Greenwood, Jason Blum, Chris Nolan, Sam Rockwell, Emma Thomas, Steve James, Joe Letteri, Carlos Saldanha, Meryl Streep, Greta Gerwig, Agnès Varda (cutout), JR, Tatiana S.Riegel, Steven Spielberg, Luca Guadagnino, Ramsey Naito, Julian Slater, Lonnie Lynn, Ron Bartlett, Pete Czernin, and Theo Green.
I was asked by UNIQLO to create six designs for their Nippon-Omiyage T-shirt lineup, the first in the series were Tokyo, Ginza and Kobe. All using handmade typography and a connection to the location itself.
ユニクロの「日本のお土産シリーズ」のデザインに参加させて頂きました。全6デザインの内、今回発売されたのは「東京」「銀座」「神戸」の三都市のお土産です。ハンドメイドのタイポグラフィーを使って、それぞれの街のイメージを表現しています。
The design for Tokyo was all created quite freely by hand using brush and ink, but rather than focusing on the city as a whole I wanted to make a point of including all of the districts within the city that have their own identity, each making Tokyo what it is.
「東京」のデザインは手書きのブラシの線やインクで自由に表現しました。その都市全体にフォーカスするよりも、様々な地域から来た、様々なアイデンティティの集合が東京を作っているという点に注目したかったからです。
It's the end of the year and OAD (aka Steve) posted this cool little piece that features the best meals of 2008 (and restaurants with potential) from a questionnaire sent out to some pretty well known chefs (at least ones that have made the 2007 OAD guide), food critics, notable food bloggers/destination diners, food scientists like Dr. This, and then... little ol' food enthusiast me. (humble *blush, blush*)
Granted my meal at Ristorante dal Pescatore was in the latter part of last year, it's impact still struck me until now (truth be told I was asked what my best meal was in the past year - which I interpreted as being full year, not just calender). Anyway, the mention of many Northern Europe (and a few American and Asian) restaurants has me mentally noting these establishments in the event I might have the fortune of visiting those areas. This is part one of two. :)
"Best Meals of 2008
‘Tis the time of year for lists. After racking my brain to try and figure out what type of list people might like to read, I came up with the following idea. I sent out an email to an an assortment of chefs, food writers, restaurant owners and bloggers and I asked them the following questions:
1. Name the best meal that you had in 2008
2. Name the new chef or restaurant who showed the most potential in 2008
Their answers were quite illuminating. Or at least I thought they were. What I learned was that fine dining in Northern Europe is steadily improving and both chefs and diners are now traveling to countries like Germany, Austria, Holland and Denmark just to sample the restaurants. And Tokyo, because of the new Michelin Guide, is another city that is starting to become popular with Western diners. Let’s see if the same dynamic occurs in Hong Kong and Macau now that Michelin has published a guide to those cities as well. But I think the most important thing I learned is that there isn’t all that much difference between what the pros like and what the foodies like, and as you run down the list, you will see that they each cite many of the same places. Anyway enough of me talking about what they told me, you can read it for yourself. Enjoy!
Alex Raij, Chef/Owner Txikito, New York, NY
Meal of the Year – Del Posto (in the Inoteca), New York, NY
Most Potential – Sotohiro Kosugi, Soto, New York, NY
Alex Stupak, Pastry Chef, WD-50
Meal of the Year - Per Se, New York, NY
Most Potential - Paul Liebrandt, Corton, New York, NY
Alex Talbot & Aki Kamozawa, Chefs/Owners, Ideas in Food
Meal of the Year – Per Se, New York, NY
Most Potential – Mike Lata, Fig, Charleston, SC
Amanda Kludt, Editor Eater.com
Meal of the Year – (tie) Momofuku Ko, New York, NY, Carmen Quagliata (Union Square Café) dinner at the James Beard House.
Showed Most Potential – (tie) Motorino, East Williamsburg, NY, Gabe Thompson, Artusi, New York, NY
Andy Hayler’s Restaurant Guide
Meal of the Year – Christian Bau, Nennig, Germany
Most Potential - Ambassade de l’Ile, London, UK
Bu Pun Su's Gastronomy Adventures
Meal of the Year – Arpege, Paris, France
Most Potential – Gunthers, Singapore
zhangyuqisfoodjourneys.blogspot.com
Cathal Armstrong, Chef/Owner, Restaurant Eve, Alexandria, VA
Meal of the Year – Per Se, New York, NY
Most Potential – Alex Dryer, Restaurant Eve, Alexandria, VA
/www.restauranteve.com
Chuckeats
Meal of the Year – (tie) Ryugin, Tokyo, Japan, McCrady’s Charleston, SC
Most Potential – Chris Kostow Meadowood St. Helena, CA
Claude Bossi, Chef/Owner, Hibiscus, London, UK
Meal of the Year – Noma, Copenhagen, Denmark
Most Potential – David Chang, Momofuku, New York, NY
Country Epicure
Meal of the Year - Les Pres de Eugenie, Eugenie-les-Bains, France
Most Potential – La Table du Cap, St. Jean-Cap-Ferrat, France
Dan Barber, Chef/Owner, Blue Hill at Stone Barns
Meal of the Year - Els Casals, Sagàs, Spain “The most beautiful lunch I've ever had"
Most Potential – Oriol Rovira, Els Casals, Sagàs, Spain
Daniel Humm, Executive Chef, Eleven Madison Park, New York, NY
Meal of the Year – Maison Pic Valence, France
Most Potential – Mauro Colagreco, Mirazur, Menton, France
Daniel Patterson Chef/Owner Coi, San Francisco, CA
Meal of the Year – (tie) Noma dinner at Manresa “Rene's dish with razor clams and horseradish snow was one of the best things I ate this year," El Poblet, Denia, Spain, “The intellectual/conceptual component of the dishes was inspiring. I’ll always remember it for not only the food, but because that’s where my wife found out she was pregnant!" Blue Hill at Stone Barns, Pocantico Hills, NY “Wonderful ingredients handled with sensitivity and imagination"
Most Potential – Stuart Brioza, Rubicon, San Francisco, CA
Danny Meyer, Chairman, Union Square Café Hospitality Group
Meal of the Year - Etxebarri, Axpe, Spain “Wow!"
Most Potential – Walter Eselbock Taubenkobel, Schutzen, Austria, “His snail in garlic-cress broth revised my entire perspective on the topic"
David Chang, Chef/Owner, Momofuku, New York, NY
Meal of the Year – Corton,, New York, NY
Most Potential – Sean Brock, McCrady’s, Charleston, SC
David Kinch, Chef/Owner Manresa
Meal of the Year – Koju, Tokyo, Japan
Most Potential – Mauro Colagreco, Mirazur, Menton, France
David Lee, Chef/Owner, Splenido, Toronto, Canada
Meal of the Year – Masa, New York, NY
Most Potential – Martin Picard, Pied au Cochon, Montreal, Canada
David Lebovitz, Pastry Chef & Author of The Perfect Scoop
Meal of the Year – L’Ambroisie, Paris, France “The famed chocolate tart was gorgeous and I still can't figure out how they cut something so light, with such perfection"
Most Potential – Laurence Jossel, Nopa, San Francisco, CA “His ultra-crispy French fries were what everyone dreams about finding in a Parisian bistro"
Docsconz, The Blog
Meal of the Year – (tie) Corton, New York, NY, Ideas in Food Dinner, Northeastern New York Slow Food Convivium,
Most Potential – Corton New York, NY
Ed Brown, Chef/Owner, Eighty One, New York, NY
Meal of the Year – Daniel, New York, NY
Most Potential – John Fraser, Dovetail, New York, NY
Eric Ripert, Chef/Owner Le Bernardin, New York, NY
Meal of the Year – Sukiyabashi Jiro, Tokyo, Japan
Most Potential – Julia Wolfson, Ammo, Los Angeles, CA
Exile Kiss
Meal of the Year – Ryugin Tokyo, Japan
Most Potential – Izakaya Bincho Redondo Beach, CA
Fabio Trabocchi, Executive Chef, Fiamma New York, NY
Meal of the Year – Sushi Seki, New York, NY
Most Potential – Wesley Genovart, Degustation, New York, NY
Fergus Henderson, Chef/Owner, St. John, London, UK, author “Nose to Tail Eating"
Meal of the Year – Noma, Copenhagen, Denmark
Most Potential – Tom Pemberton, Hereford Road, London, UK
Floyd Cardoz, Executive, Chef/Partner Tabla, New York, NY
Meal of the Year – Viva M’Boma, Brussels, Belgium “An amazing array of organ meats"
Most Potential – Wesley Genovart, Degustation, New York, NY
Food and Drink in London
Meal of the Year – Louis XV – Alain Ducasse Monte Carlo, Monaco
Showed the Most Potential – Hix London, UK
Fork and Pen
Meal of the Year – Coi, San Francisco, CA
Most Potential - Dennis Leary, Canteen San Francisco, CA
Food Snob
Meal of the Year – Arpege, Paris, France
Most Potential – Corrigans Mayfair, London, UK
Food Vagabonde
Meal of the Year – White truffle dinner at Trattoria Da Nando Udine, Italy
Most Potential – Roscioli, Rome, Italy
Gale Gand, Pastry Chef, Tru, Chicago, IL
Meal of the Year – Dookey Chase, New Orleans, LA, (runner-up) La Mensa del Conte, Pienza, Italy “for the oven roasted iron skillet eggs with white truffle and olive oil"
Most Potential – Chris Pandel, Bristol Chicago, IL
Galen Zamarra, Chef/Owner, Mas New York, NY
Meal of the Year – Steirereck Restaurant, Vienna, Austria
Most Potential – Brian Bistrong, Braeburn, New York, NY
/www.masfarmhouse.com
Gastroville
Meal of the Year – 10-course private lunch cooked by Santi Santamaria at Palazzo Sasso, Ravello, Italy
Most Potential – Rocco Iannone, Pappacarbone, Cava de Tirreni, Italy
Gavin Kayson, Executive Chef, Café Boulud, New York, NY
Meal of the Year – Ubunbtu, Napa, California
Most Potential – John Fraser, Dovetail, New York, NY
George Mendes, Chef/Owner, Aldea (opening January 2009)
Meal of the Year – L'Atelier de Robuchon at the Four Seasons with Monsieur Robuchon in the kitchen “We chatted for a while and he signed my copy of his (1981) cookbook "Ma cuisine por vous"
Most Potential – Sono Chikara Kyo-Ya, New York, NY “Excellent sashimi, all fish from Japan, seasonal, and the hot food rocks as well"
Graham Elliot Bowles, Chef/Owner, Graham Elliot, Chicago, IL
Meal of the Year – Mercat ala Planxa, Chicago, IL
Most Potential – Ryan Poli, Perennial, Chicago,IL
Herve This, Author of the Books Molecular Gastronomy and Kitchen Mysteries
Meal of the Year - Pierre Gagniere, Paris, France “For my birthday,Pierre organized a dinner in a special salon for my wife and me, some very good friends, and Pierre and his wife Sylvie. Pierre was sitting at the table, sometimes going to the kitchen to ask for modifications or make corrections. We discussed what we ate from the 3 points of view that I discuss in my book Cooking a quintessential Art « love, art and technique » It was a wonderful occasion not only for the cooking but also for knowledge and friendship “
Most Potential – (tie) Sang Hoon Degeimbre, L’Air du Temps, Noville-sur-mehaigne, Belgium, Koji Shimomura, Édition Koji Shimomura, Tokyo, Japan
groups.google.co.uk/group/molecular-gastronomy?hl=en
High End Food
Meal of the Year – Christian Bau Nennig, Germany
Showed the Most Potential – De Jonkman Brugges, Belgium
Jay Rayner, Restaurant Critic, The Observer, London, UK
Meal of the Year – El Bulli, Roses, Spain
Most Potential – (Tie) Stephen Harris, The Sportsman, Seasalter, UK, Tristan Welch, Launceston Place, London, UK
Jeremy Fox, Executive Chef Ubuntu, Napa, California
Meal of the Year – Blue Hill at Stone Barns, Pocantico Hills, NY
Most Potential – James Sylhabout, Manresa, Los Gatos, CA
John Shields, Executive Chef, Town House Grill, Chilhowie, VA
Meal of the Year – Alinea, Chicago, IL
Most Potential – Curtis Duffy, Avenues, Chicago, IL
Jonathan Benno, Executive Chef, Per Se, New York, NY
Meal of the Year – Soto, New York, NY
Most Potential – Michael White, Convivio, New York, NY
Julot Ze Blog
Meal of the Year – Christian Bau Nennig, Germany
Most Potential – (tie) Gordan Ramsay Versailles, France, Jeremy Fox, Ubuntu, Napa, CA
Katsuya Fukushima Culinary Director, Think Food Group
Meal of the Year – Jean George, New York, NY, “Johnny Iuzzini drew in chocolate a caricature of me giving flowers to my girlfriend"
Most Potential – Iacopo Falai, New York, NY, “He had some tasty, inspirational dishes"
/www.thinkfoodgroup.com
Ken Oringer Chef/Owner, Clio & Uni, Boston, MA
Meal of the Year – Chez L’Ami Jean Paris, France
Most Potential – Andres Grundy, Clio, Boston, MA
Knoopjelos
Meal of the Year – Oud Sluis Sluis, Netherlands
Most Potential – (tie) 't Schulten Hues, Zutphen, De Kromme Watergang, Hoofdplaat , 1910, Eindhoven (all Netherlands)
Life Worth Eating, A
Meal of the Year – Urasawa Beverly Hills, CA
Most Potential – Michael Ciramusti, Providence, Los Angeles, CA
Lissa Doumani, Pastry Chef/Owner, Terra & Ame, San Francisco, CA
Meal of the Year – Oliveto Pig Dinner, Rockridge, CA., “It’s amazing to have such a wonderful selection of offal dishes followed by Paul Canales’s cured and potted meats"
Most Potential – Matt Molina, Mozza. Los Angeles, CA “He has a beautiful touch coaxing the best flavors out of meats and for cooking the perfect pastas"
Luxeat
Meal of the Year – Per Se New York, NY
Most Potential – Eric Frechon, Bristol Paris, France
Marina O’Loughlin, Restaurant Reviewer, Metro, London, U.K.
Meal of the Year – (tie) Le Castelas, Sivergues, France, Franco Manca, Brixton, UK
Most Potential – Tristan Welch, Launceston Place, London, UK
Mauro Maccioni, Owner, Le Cirque, New York, NY
Meal of the Year – Per Se, New York, NY
Most Potential – Pierre Schaedelin, Benoit, New York, NY
Michael Psilakis, Chef/Owner, Anthos, New York, NY
Meal of the Year – Corton, New York, NY
Most Potential – Neal Ferguson, Soho House, New York, NY
Michelle Bernstein Chef/Owner Michy’s, Miami, FL
Meal of the Year – L’Atelier de Joël Robuchon, New York, NY, “The sea urchin gelée dish makes me weep"
Most Potential – Alejandra Raij Txikito, New York, NY “I truly believe she is a genius, I am so excited about her new restaurant"
michys@bellsouth.net
Mike Anthony, Executive Chef, Gramercy Tavern, New York, NY
Meal of the Year – Troisgros, Roanne, France
Most Potential – Rene Rezepi, Noma, Copenhagen, Denmark
Nick Kokonas, Partner/Owner, Alinea, Chicago, IL
Meal of the Year – Chez L’Ami Jean, Paris, France
Most Potential – Giuseppe Tentori, Boka, Chicago, IL
Patrice Demers, Pastry Chef, Restaurant Laloux, Montreal, Canada
Meal of the Year – Noma, Copenhagen, Denmark "One of the top 5 meals of my short life. Very clean flavors, perfect balance between innovation and research of the best products. Very inspiring!!!"
Most Potential – Alexandre Bourdas, Sa Qua Na, Honfleur, France, “Another great meal that was really inspiring. I read lately that Alexandre Bourdas is already thinking about moving the restaurant to have a bigger kitchen and a greener setting"
Paul Liebrandt, Executive Chef, Corton
Meal of the Year – Pierre Gagniere, Seoul, Korea
Most Potential – Rick Billings, Pastry Chef L’Atelier de Joël Robuchon, New York, NY
Renée Suen
Meal of the Year – (tie) Fat Duck Bray, UK, Dal Pescatore, Canneto sull'Oglio, Italy
Most Potential – Bite Me, Toronto, CA
www.flickr.com/photos/sifu_renka
Rob Evans, Chef/Owner, Hugo’s, Portland, ME
Meal of the Year – Toro, Boston, MA
Most Potential – Krista Kern, Bresca, Portland ME
Ryan Poli, Executive Chef, Perrenial Restaurant, Chicago, IL
Meal of the Year – L20, Chicago, IL
Most Potential – John Fraser, Dovetail, New York, NY
Sal Marino Chef/Owner, Il Grano, West Los Angeles, CA
Meal of the Year – (tie) Mori Sushi, Los Angeles, CA, Spago, Beverly Hills, CA
Most Potential – Sang Yoon, Father’sOffice, Culver City, CA “His veal marrow served in the bone was as delicate as a mousse."
info@ilgrano.com
Scott Anderson & Joe Sparatta, Chef/Owners, Elements Restaurant, Princeton, NJ
Meal of the Year – Blue Hill at Stone Barns, Pocantico Hill, NY
Most Potential – Martin Brock Grayz New York, NY
/www.elementsprinceton.com
Sean Brock, Executive Chef, McCrady’s Restaurant, Charleston, SC
Meal of the Year - WD-50, New York, NY
Most Potential – John Shields, Town House Grill, Chilhowie, VA
Sergio Hermann, Chef/Owner, Oud Sluis, Sluis, Netherlands
Meal of the Year – Hakkasan, London, UK “Great combination of food and ambiance."
Most Potential – Kobe Desramaults, In de Wulf, Heuvelland, Belgium
Silverbrow
Meal of the Year – Grill at the Dorchester, London, UK
Most Potential – Aaya, London UK
Simon Majumder, The Times, London, UK
Meal of the Year –The River Café, London, UK
Most Potential – Brian Sparks at The Howard Hotel, London, UK
Soa Davis, Chef/Consultant, Le Bernardin, New York, NY
Meal of the Year – Masa, New York, NY
Most Potential – Daniel Humm, Eleven Madison Park, New York, NY
Stephen Harris, Chef/Owner, The Sportsman, Seasalter, UK
Meal of the Year – El Bulli, Roses, Spain
Most Potential – Alexander Bourdas, Sa. Qua. Na., Honfleur, France
www.thesportsmanseasalter.co.uk
Steve Plotnicki, Celebrity Food Blogger & Publisher, Opinionated About Dining Survey
Meal of the Year – Elkano, Getaria, Spain “A dazzling display of how to get the maximum out of cooking fish on an asador"
Most Potential – (tie) Daniel Patterson, Coi, San Francisco, CA, Rob Evans, Hugo’s, Portland, ME, Mauro Collagreco, Mirazur, Menton, France
Sweet & Sour Spectator
Meal of the Year – Noma dinner at Manresa, Los Gatos, CA
Most Potential – Camino, Oakland, CA
Tom Aiken, Chef/Owner, Tom Aiken, London, United Kingdom
Meal of the Year – Mugaritz, Errenteria, Spain
Most Potential – Marcus Waering, London, UK
Tom Collicchio, Host, Top Chef, Chef/Owner Craft & Damon Wise, Executive Chef, Craft
Meal of the Year – Soto, New York, NY “His giant squid with quail egg was the best dish I had this year"
Most Potential – David Schuttenberg, Cabrito, New York, NY
Ulterior Epicure
Meal of the Year – (tie) Le Bernardin, New York, NY /$6 Hoagie at the Reading Terminal Market, Philadelphia, PA
Most Potential –Debbie Gold, The American Restaurant, Kansas City, MO
www.ulteriorepicure.wordpress.com
Veal Cheeks
Meal of the Year – El Cellar Can Roca, Girona, Spain
Most Potential – Zazu, Quito, Ecuador
Very Good Food
Meal of the Year – Oud Sluis, Sluis, Netherlands
Most Potential – In De Wulf, Heuvelland, Belgium
Vinography
Meal of the Year – Manresa, Los Gatos, CA
Most Potential – Jeremy Fox, Ubuntu, Napa, CA
Wesley Genovart, Chef, Degustation, New York, NY
Meal of the Year – El Bulli, Roses , Spain
Most Potential – (tie) Gabe Thompson, Del Anima, NewYork,NY, Brenden McHale, Jack’s Luxury Oyster Bar, NewYork, NY
Wylie Dufresne Chef/Owner WD-50, New York, NY
Best Meal – (Tie) Mugaritz, Errenteria, Spain, Noma, Copenhagen, Denmark
Most Potential – Josh Eden, Shorty’s 32, New York, NY
Eric asked me to take his photo, in st james cathedral park, when he saw my camera. He was born in Kobe, Japan. He is homeless. He had a card that guaranteed him, for one night only, a bed in the nearby shelter. He was courteous, sweet-natured and delusional....he's a senior officer in the RCMP tracking spies! He did not ask for anything. On parting, giving him a little money and a few cigarettes in exchange for this image, his gratitude for so little was heart-rending. There but for the grace of God........
Many thanks to each one of you who have been here. Eric is in explore today, monday,
# 180. I think he would be pleased.
The KOM League Flash Report
Spanning the Bridge
Between November and December 2018
With the holiday season my telephone traffic increases among the former KOM leaguers. Most of the former players have either ditched their computers or never took up the habit. Recently, I checked and saw that there was a message on my cellphone. I dialed the number and the person on the telephone told me he had a call on another line and that he was going to speak with a fellow in Columbia, Mo. just as soon as his wife made the contact.
At that point I told the fellow on the other end of the line that the only person he knew in Columbia was John Hall and he was talking to him. I got that situation straightened out and had a nice conversation with Dick and Molly McCoy.
For a quarter a century I have kept tabs on the McCoy’s or better stated they have looked after me. In recent days they had been contacted by someone who has written a lot about Pepper Martin. The old Gashouse Gang member spent a lot of time with the McCoys when Dick played for Pepper at Miami Beach, in 1950. Every time McCoy calls he has a lot of stories about his former manager and none are ever repeats.
In the last report it was mentioned that Yours truly hadn’t accomplished much in 25 years of writing about minor league baseball except for one thing; I had managed to reunite a former member of the McAlester Rockets of the Sooner State league with a librarian from that town. They had dated in the 1955-56 era but each went their separate ways until In piecing that scenario together the McCoy’s had wondered if I could locate Martin’s widow and daughters. Since his widow remarried and his daughter’s eventually married that was a rather difficult trail to travel.
However, it turns out that the librarian and one of Pepper Martin’s daughters graduated in the same high school class at McAlester. That information was shared with me and I in turn sent it on to the McCoy’s in Omaha who passed the word along to the person writing about Pepper Martin. See how that works.
Well, many years passed and there was some more inquiry regarding the Martin family and Molly McCoy seemed to remember that I had told her long ago that I graduated from high school with Martin’s daughter. At my advanced age I know I’ve lost it but I was pretty sure I never graduated from high school in McAlester, Okla. So, Molly started looking for my long ago e-mails to her on the subject of Pepper Martin and she acknowledged that I was passing along the information from Martin’s daughter’s classmate. As a point of curiosity I asked Molly to share the date on that e-mail and I was informed it was 2007.
As I spoke with Molly the name of the former librarian and the name of the baseball player she married 50 years after they parted ways, in McAlester, came to me. I’ll have to look up their address and sent them a Christmas card.
In getting a telephone call from the McCoy’s I find out the status of some other folks I can only wonder about. Many of McCoy’s former teammates are on the north side of 90 and are in nursing homes. According to the McCoy’s John William “Bucky”Hall who pitched for the 1948 Ponca City Dodgers is in a Florida nursing facility. Gene Castiglione’s wife, Sharon, had a stroke and they are still in Benld, Illinois. The McCoy’s wanted to know if I have heard from Ray Scherschligt from Alpena, South Dakota, which I hadn’t. Since I find no record of his passing I imagine he is in a nursing facility of some type as he is now 93 years old. McCoy also drops some names from the Brooklyn Dodger system on me that never had KOM experience. One name he mentioned in the recent telephone call took me by surprise. The fellow played 13 years in the Dodger organization at high levels. But, time has a way of getting away from all of us. The fellow died on Christmas Eve, eve in 2011. I may just wait and tell the McCoy’s about this guy’s passing at a later time.
You have to admire the McCoy’s as they stay “in the game” even after Dick’s recent chemo and radiation treatments. If he holds on as long as his mother did he has another 16 years in which to share his stories.
While Dick and Molly were at Miami Beach for the 1950 season they were not aware that Pepper Martin had three daughters. He later told the McCoy’s that he was not about to bring his daughters around where there were young ballplayers. Molly chuckled in telling that story.
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A reader enjoyed hearing about Musial
John: Thanks for your recent KOM League report. It brought back wonderful memories of my one encounter with Stan Musial.
The weekend of September 17-19, 1965, I was in Saint Louis to see the Saint Louis Billiken soccer team play Michigan State for the NCAA national championship at Washington University’s Francis Field. I never paid much attention to soccer before that day, but I was hooked after witnessing Saint Louis U. beat Michigan State 1-0 on a penalty kick. Many of Michigan State’s best players were from Saint Louis on scholarship. At that time, SLU did not offer soccer scholarships. To me, that made the win that much better.
On Sunday, the 19th, I went to see the Cardinals lose to the Dodgers, and afterwards that evening, I had supper at Stan and Biggies. Guess whose hand I got to shake. Yes, Stan Musial himself was working the dining room greeting dinner patrons. I didn’t wash my hand for a week. To this day, I deeply regret not being prepared to show up with a picture of Stan, so he could autograph it.
One more memory of Stan Musial. Growing up in Anderson, Missouri, before moving to Neosho in 1960, I was a big Cardinal baseball fan. My Uncles, who were dairy farmers on a farm outside Anderson knew this and had me convinced Stan Musial could be Pope someday. You see, growing up Catholic, and knowing you had to be a Cardinal before being Pope, they took advantage of my gullibility my pulling my leg.
Thanks again John for bringing back such great memories of Stan Musial, Leo Downey
Ed reply:
I showed up at Stan’s dinner table at his restaurant, on July 2, 1950, with a little scrap of paper and a pencil used for scoring. He saw my inadequacy and took me into his office and signed an 8 X 10 glossy for me. I don’t know how long you have been on the Flash Report mailing list but in George Vescey’s book on Musial he made chapter six about my meeting with “The Man”.
Downey’s reply:
Very cool! I’m extremely jealous
Ed comment
Here is a small world tale. As I was doing next to nothing, one recent afternoon, my wife told me I had a telephone call. The person wanted to tell me of the death of someone he thought I knew, well. In fact the name didn’t ring a bell. The caller told me the deceased had attended one of my Mantle book signings at a local supermarket at least a dozen years ago. Since so few people ever came to one of those signings I decided I had better look up the obituary. Upon doing so I saw how successful the individual had been in his teaching career heading up some prestigious positions at the universities of Missouri and Oklahoma State. Upon seeing his photo I indeed recognized him. What is interesting is that Leo Downey and the deceased were raised on dairy farms in Anderson and Goodman, Mo., respectively, which are seven miles apart. And, by golly they both purchased a copy of a book written by Yours truly. Here is the obituary of the deceased. www.columbiamissourian.com/obituaries/family_obituary/joh...
The late Dr. Campbell was interested in a story I shared about the time Mickey Mantle and his all-star basketball team rolled into Goodman to play a game. During the winter months Mantle traveled around the four-state area of Oklahoma, Missouri, Kansas and Arkansas with a few of his kinfolk, friends and Billy Martin. That team even played the Harlem Globetrotters at least once. Max Mantle, Mickey’s first cousin, enjoyed telling the tale of the game they played at Goodman. Martin never got to start or play very much. So, Martin convinced Mickey to let him start the Goodman game. Shortly into the contest Martin took a shot and missed. Mickey immediately called time out and when the team got to the bench Martin was told he was being taken out. When he demanded to know why he was being removed from the game Mickey replied “Because you aren’t hitting tonight.”
Now, the good news of all this is that the fellow who called, that I hadn’t seen for a dozen years, spoke as though he’d come by my house in the not too distant future to get some more of the Mantle books. Sure hope he makes it before Christmas.
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The passing of a Blackwell Bronco
www.meaningfulfunerals.net/?action=obituaries.obit_view&a...
Gerald Floyd Crucani, the son of the late John Crucani and Johanna Dernosek, was born Wednesday, October 25, 1933 in Topeka, Kansas.
On June 26, 1957, At Shady Grove Baptist Church in Kennett, Missouri, Gerald was united in marriage to Joe Ann Masterson, who preceded him in death on March 30, 1998.
Gerald grew up in Franklin, Kansas. As a young adult, he played minor league baseball for the Chicago Cubs. After a few years, he quit playing ball to join the Navy. While in the Navy, he began writing to future wife, Joe Ann, as a pen pal. Shortly after, he was honorably discharged from the Navy. He and Joe Ann then married and relocated to Kennett, Missouri and began starting a family. In addition to his three biological children, he was known as “Dad” to Charlotte, Jennifer, Tisha, and Larry. He also opened his home to many foster children throughout the years. He began working at Baker Implement in 1960 and retired in 1992. After losing his beloved wife of 40 years to cancer he began volunteering for Hospice. He then met Mary Kansas with who enjoyed a 20 year friendship with up until his passing. He enjoyed spending time with family, working in his shop, and being out in the community.
Mr. Crucani departed this life at St. Bernards Medical Center in Jonesboro, Arkansas at the age of 85 years and 28 days.
He is survived by 1 son Joey Crucani (Debra); 1 daughter Tena Petix ( Alan Campbell); 2 grandsons Damon Crucani (Tori) and Levi Petix (Abigail McMullan); 2 granddaughters Tiffany Patterson (David) and Megan Weaver (Anthony) all of Kennett, Missouri; 7 great grandchildren Charlie, Kobe, Luke, Dyson, Gunnar, Ahdyn, and Laken; 2 sisters Nancy Recer (Barney) of Blue Springs, Missouri and Rosemary Shead of Kansas City, Kansas; 1 sister-in-law Betty Cruciani; and long time special friend Mary Kansas and her family along with a host of other relatives and friends.
He was preceded in death by 1 son Jerry Crucani, 1 daughter in-law Bonita Crucani, and 2 brothers John Crucani and twin brother Harold Crucani.
Visitation will be held at Bradshaw Funeral Home in Kennett, Missouri on Tuesday, November 27, 2018 at 6:00 P.M. Funeral Services will be held Wednesday, November 28, 2018 at 11:00 A.M. with Reverend Johnny Bogle officiating.
Pallbearers include Alan Campbell, Damon Crucani, Ed Jacques, David Patterson, Levi Petix, and Anthony Weaver.
Ed Comments;
Harold was a very good songwriter. He once sent me a 78 rpm record with a song he wrote and recorded. It was titled “Baseball Season Has Begun.” It was a rather catchy tune and he assigned me the rights to it. I still have it.
Harold had the nickname “Twin” and Gerald was “Lefty.” For a while I thought both boys were drafted at the end of 1952. However this article from the January 10, 1958 edition of the Joplin Globe changed that misconception. “NAVY RECRUITS NINE DURING LAST MONTH—Nine district men enlisted in the navy during December, according to an announcement by Chief Lawrence Anderson of the Joplin navy recruiting station yesterday. They are as follows: Thomas Ray Dalton of Anderson: Harold Lloyd Crucani of Franklin. Kan.; George Edward Maddox of Goodman: Alan Robert Drenik of Frontenac, Kan.; Myron Earl Baker of Picher, and James Robert Harrod, Jimmy Lee Neal. Jimmie Lee Moss and” Walter Leon Eubank of Joplin.”
The Crucani boys watched a lot of Pittsburg, Kansas Browns, growing up. They made it to Pittsburg to play a few games when Bartlesville moved up there in mid-season, of 1952, and after the twin brothers finally hooked on with Blackwell.
Convincing the baseball experts that the KOM league had three sets of twins, in 1952 was 66.66% easy. Proving that the other 33.33% was the difficult task. This was carried in the June 7, 2018 edition of this publication. “An Iola Register story on Sept. 11, 1952 stated that “Iola fans only saw one pair but there were three sets of twins in the KOM league when the season ended. Pittsburg had Ernie and Emmanuel Abril, Independence—Don and Ron Saatzer and Blackwell—Harold and Gerald Crucani.” The article went on to say, in a humorous manner, that the nearest Iola came to twins were Joe Vilk and Bill Wigle. Of course, the twin comparison was in regard to the number of games won as both were pitchers, Vilk was a 21-year old right-hander from Akron, Ohio and Wigle was ten years his senior and a left-hander from Amertsburg, Ontario, Canada.
Many years ago, when researching my first book, I communicated with both Gerald and Harold and the contact with Harold was the more frequent. He sent me many things which included a number of photos with him and his twin brother standing next to Pete Appleton. I know everyone in this reading audience remembers Pete. He was known by a different name when he first reported to the Cincinnati Reds. It is a long story and Pete even had a longer name, at birth, which was Jablonowski. You can read all about Pete at this site: www.google.com/search?q=Pete+Jablonowski&oq=Pete+Jabl...
There is a lot written about Pete of both last names fame, but not much concerning the baseball careers of the brothers Crucani. Thus, I’m departing from the norm and going into the antiquity of my first book and share their story.
“The Crucani twins, who played at Blackwell were located in Missouri and California. Gerald and Harold were born October 25, 1933 in Topeka, Kansas. At age 18 both signed minor league contracts and appeared to be headed to the Ardmore Indians in the Sooner State League. However, by the end of the spring Harold was with Blackwell. Both Harold and Gerald played part of that season for Jackson, Tenn. in the Kitty League before going to Blackwell. Harold was and outfielder and Gerald played first base. Gerald’s most lasting memory of his time at Blackwell was the ambidexterity of Fred Bade. Gerald said he played second base and could throw right or lefthanded. Harold recalls that the Ponca City Dodgers gave him the toughest competition over-all, he says, ‘There were a lot of good ballplayers in the KOM League with very good talent who were dedicated to the sport, not just the money that might have been offered to them.’ The Crucani’s had brief stays in 1953 with Sandersville of the Georgia State League This was the extent of their professional baseball careers. Gerald played quite a bit of semipro ball around Parsons, Kansas., and worked as a butcher after his KOM days. Harold had enlisted in the Navy (1957) and eventually made it his career. He retired in 1973 as an E-7 Chief Gunners Mate. Gerald also served in the Navy and became a mechanic for 31 years before retirement. He is currently residing in Kennett, Mo. Harold in retirement calls San Diego home.”
How I came upon the Crucani photos with Pete Appleton.
On November 12, 1996 the following was received from Gerald Crucani:
“Dear Mr. Hall: First of all I want to thank you for all the time you have been sending me the magazine. I wanted to help what you are doing but seems like with my health problems and my wife now, just making it on a day to day basis with everything is so expensive. I have enjoyed reading the magazine very much but feel bad I am not supporting the great work you have done and still doing. Here is one of the pictures I found that I said if I did would send you one of Harold and I and Eddie Miller of the Cards. I got some more stuff to send you if I can find it somewhere in the house. If I do I will be sure to get it to you in the future. In closing thanks for everything. God Bless you and yours. Mr. Gerald Crucani—1700 Vinson St. Kennett, Mo. P. S. Merry Christmas and a happy New Year. And thanks for the card.”
Later on Gerald found some more photos. It was one of him and his brother posing with Pete Appleton. It was of far superior quality to the photo the boys took with Eddie Miler. It is interesting that the photo with Appleton and Miller were taken in the same location. On the back of one photo it says that the photo was taken in 1951 in Florida. The other photo states the photo was taken in 1951 at Cocoa, Florida. I’m nearly positive these photos were taken a baseball camp for young hopefuls. The “A” on the baseball caps of the Crucani’s was for Arma which was another small town just north of Pittsburg, Kansas. Fans in Arma had to drive 10 miles to see KOM league games at Pittsburg while those in Franklin only had to go eight to see those games. Everyone in that area consume a lot of Chicken’s Annie’s famous chicken. search.yahoo.com/yhs/search;_ylt=AwrCwLCuSwFc4y8AAsMPxQt....
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The Death of George Nichols
When writing of the death of Keith Baker, in the previous report, I spent some time looking for surviving members of the 1947 Ponca City Dodgers. One member of that team, for two weeks, was George Morrill Nichols, an outfielder. He was born 7/17/1928 in Seattle, Washington.
Nichols was released by the Ponca City Dodgers on May 29, 1947 and didn’t play again until 1948 when he became the property of the Cleveland Indians. He played for Indian clubs at Billings, Mont., Bakersfield and Porterville, Calif. as well as Tacoma, Wash. and Yuma, Ariz. Through 1950. In 1951 Nichols had a shot with the Wichita Indians of the Western league but things didn’t pan out for him there.
During the years of researching the KOM league I located Nichols and his wife in Illinois. We exchanged Christmas cards a number of years. Last year I didn’t hear from them and thought it would be time to check on them again. Here is was I found: www.evanstonfuneral.com/notices/George-Nichols All that I could glean for the death listing was that he passed away April 19, 2018 in Evanston, Ill. He left this world 70 years, 11 months and 10 days after being released by the Dodgers. It would have been nice to have been able to share an obituary but none was found.
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I shall stop!!!
When this report was being anticipated there wasn’t much information available and I had planned to list the KOM deaths for 2018, the former KOM leaguers still living and those never located. That is a daunting chore when possessing a weak mind and eyes to match. But, if the snow gets heavy between now and the first of the New Year I’ll try tackling those three tasks.
Oh, one more thing: On Halloween I had a late evening telephone call and it was a treat, not a trick. The call came from Joliet, Illiinois and I’m happy to report I know someone in that town who isn’t incarcerated at the Federal Prison there. On the telephone was Bernie Gerl who is the sole survivor of the Duluth, Minnesota Dukes players involved in the terrible bus crash in 1948.
Bernie told me he can no longer attend the Dukes’ reunions but he is always remembered at those events. He still has fond memories of former KOM leaguer, Dick Getter and since Dick and Joan stay in touch I pass along to them greetings from Bernie.
Now, I’m done.
A good and righteous man.
One of the Righteous Among the Nations (Hebrew: חסידי אומות העולם)
Here is a search for photos on Flickr of Chiune Sugihara:
www.flickr.com/search/?text=chiune%20Sugihara
Here is the site for Yad Vashem:
encyclopedia.ushmm.org/content/en/article/righteous-among...
________________________________
Here is his bio on Wikipedia:
Chiune Sugihara (杉原 千畝, Sugihara Chiune, 1 January 1900 – 31 July 1986)[1] was a Japanese diplomat who served as vice-consul for the Japanese Empire in Kaunas, Lithuania. During the Second World War, Sugihara helped thousands of Jews flee Europe by issuing transit visas to them so that they could travel through Japanese territory, risking his job and the lives of his family.[2][3] The fleeing Jews were refugees from German-occupied Western Poland and Soviet-occupied Eastern Poland, as well as residents of Lithuania. In 1985, the State of Israel honored Sugihara as one of the Righteous Among the Nations (Hebrew: חסידי אומות העולם) for his actions. He is the only Japanese national to have been so honored. The year 2020 was "The Year of Chiune Sugihara" in Lithuania. It has been estimated as many as 100,000 people alive today are the descendants of the recipients of Sugihara visas.[4]
Contents
1 Early life and education
2 Manchurian Foreign Office
3 Lithuania
3.1 Jewish refugees
3.1.1 Sugihara's visas
3.1.2 Numbers saved
4 Resignation
5 Later life
6 Honor Restored
7 Family
8 Legacy and honors
9 Biographies
10 Notable people helped by Sugihara
11 See also
12 References
13 Further reading
14 External links
Early life and education
Chiune Sugihara was born on 1 January 1900 (Meiji 33), in Mino, Gifu prefecture, to a middle-class father, Yoshimi Sugihara (杉原好水 Sugihara Yoshimi), and an upper-middle class mother, Yatsu Sugihara (杉原やつ Sugihara Yatsu).[5] When he was born, his father worked at a tax office in Kozuchi-town and his family lived in a borrowed temple, with the Buddhist temple Kyōsen-ji (教泉寺) where he was born nearby. He was the second son among five boys and one girl.[1] His father and family moved into the tax office within the branch of the Nagoya Tax Administration Office one after another. In 1903 (Meiji 36) his family moved to Asahi Village in Niu-gun, Fukui Prefecture. In 1904 (Meiji 37) they moved to Yokkaichi city Mie Prefecture. On 25 October 1905 (Meiji 38), they moved to Nakatsu Town, Ena-gun, Gifu Prefecture. In 1906 (Meiji 39) on 2 April, Chiune entered Nakatsu Town Municipal Elementary School (now Nakatsugawa City Minami Elementary School in Gifu Prefecture). On 31 March 1907 (Meiji 40), he transferred to Kuwana Municipal Kuwana Elementary School in Mie Prefecture (currently Kuwana Municipal Nissin Elementary School). In December of that same year, he transferred to Nagoya Municipal Furuwatari Elementary School (now Nagoya Municipal Heiwa Elementary School). In 1912, he graduated with top honors from Furuwatari Elementary School and entered Aichi prefectural 5th secondary school (now Zuiryo high school), a combined junior and senior high school. His father wanted him to become a physician, but Chiune deliberately failed the entrance exam by writing only his name on the exam papers. Instead, he entered Waseda University in 1918 (Taishō 7) and majored in English language. At that time, he entered Yuai Gakusha, the Christian fraternity that had been founded by Baptist pastor Harry Baxter Benninhof, to improve his English.
In 1919 (Taishō 8), he passed the Foreign Ministry Scholarship exam. From 1920 to 1922 (Taishō 9 to 11), Sugihara served in the Imperial Army as a second lieutenant with the 79th Infantry, stationed in Korea, then part of the Empire of Japan. He resigned his commission in November 1922 and took the Foreign Ministry's language qualifying exams the following year, passing the Russian exam with distinction. The Japanese Foreign Ministry recruited him and assigned him to Harbin, China, where he also studied the Russian and German languages and later became an expert on Russian affairs.
Chiune Sugihara's birth Registry, indicating his birthplace as Kozuchi Town, Mugi District, nowadays known as Mino City in Gifu Prefecture.
Observation Kozuchi-town from Mt. Ogura. Kyosenji Temple where Chiuna Sugihara was born and village section Named "Chiune" which can be seen from the temple.
Kyōsen-ji Temple (教泉寺). This temple was located at the address reported as the birthplace of Sugihara Chiune, and there was a Kōzuchi tax office that Chiune father served in the immediate area.
Chiune Bridge. A bridge over Chiune-cho which was the origin of the name of Chiune.
Bus stop of Chiune-cho where the name of Sugihara Chiune was derived
Manchurian Foreign Office
When Sugihara served in the Manchurian Foreign Office, he took part in the negotiations with the Soviet Union concerning the Northern Manchurian Railroad.
During his time in Harbin, Sugihara married Klaudia Semionovna Apollonova and converted to Christianity (Russian Orthodox Church),[6] using the baptismal name Sergei Pavlovich.[2]
In 1935, Sugihara quit his post as Deputy Foreign Minister in Manchuria in protest over Japanese mistreatment of the local Chinese.[citation needed]
Sugihara and his wife divorced in 1935, before he returned to Japan, where he married Yukiko (1913–2008, née Kikuchi[7]) after the marriage; they had four sons Hiroki, Chiaki, Haruki, Nobuki. As of 2010, Nobuki is the only surviving son and represents the Sugihara family.[8]
Chiune Sugihara also served in the Information Department of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and as a translator for the Japanese delegation in Helsinki, Finland.[9]
Lithuania
Righteous
Among the Nations
Righteous Among the Nations medal simplified.svg
The Holocaust
Rescuers of Jews
Righteousness
Seven Laws of Noah
Yad Vashem
Notable individuals
Irena Adamowicz
Gino Bartali
Archbishop Damaskinos
Odoardo Focherini
Francis Foley
Helen of Greece and Denmark
Princess Alice of Battenberg
Marianne Golz
Paul Grüninger
Jane Haining
Feng-Shan Ho
Wilm Hosenfeld
Constantin Karadja
Jan Karski
Derviš Korkut
Valdemar Langlet
Carl Lutz
Aristides de Sousa Mendes
Tadeusz Pankiewicz
Giorgio Perlasca
Nurija Pozderac
Marion Pritchard
Roland de Pury
Ángel Sanz Briz
Oskar Schindler
Anton Schmid
Irena Sendler
Klymentiy Sheptytsky
Ona Šimaitė
Henryk Sławik
Tina Strobos
Chiune Sugihara
Betsie ten Boom
Casper ten Boom
Corrie ten Boom
Johan van Hulst
Raimondo Viale
Raoul Wallenberg
Johan Hendrik Weidner
Rudolf Weigl
Jan Zwartendijk
Leopold Socha
Franciszka Halamajowa
By country
Austrian
Croatian
German
Lithuanian
Norwegian
Polish (List)
Ukrainian
v
t
e
In 1939, Sugihara became a vice-consul of the Japanese Consulate in Kaunas, Lithuania. His duties included reporting on Soviet and German troop movements,[1] and to find out if Germany planned an attack on the Soviets and, if so, to report the details of this attack to his superiors in Berlin and Tokyo.[10]
Sugihara had cooperated with Polish intelligence as part of a bigger Japanese–Polish cooperative plan.[11]
Jewish refugees
As the Soviet Union occupied sovereign Lithuania in 1940, many Jewish refugees from Poland (Polish Jews) as well as Lithuanian Jews tried to acquire exit visas. Without the visas, it was dangerous to travel, yet it was impossible to find countries willing to issue them. Hundreds of refugees came to the Japanese consulate in Kaunas, trying to get a visa to Japan. At the time, on the brink of the war, Lithuanian Jews made up one third of Lithuania's urban population and half of the residents of every town.[12] In the period between 16 July and 3 August 1940, the Dutch Honorary Consul Jan Zwartendijk provided over 2,200 Jews with official third destination passes to Curaçao, a Caribbean island and Dutch colony that required no entry visa or to Surinam.
European Jewish refugees began to arrive in Japan in July 1940 and departed by September 1941. An overview during this period is described in the Annual Reports of 1940[13] & 1941[14] by the American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee (JDC).
In June 1940, Italy entered into the war and the Mediterranean route was closed. The Committee in Great Germany, forced to seek new outlets for emigration, arranged for the transportation of Jews from Germany across Europe and Asia (via the trans-Siberian railway) to Vladivostok, thence to Japan. From Japan the refugees were to embark for destinations in the Western Hemisphere.
On December 31, 1940, the Soviet Union declared all persons residing in Lithuania as on September 1, 1940, the right to apply for Soviet citizenship. While the great bulk of Polish refugees in Lithuania opted for Soviet citizenship, there was a group of 4,000–5,000 persons for whom the New Order offered little opportunity. These were principally rabbis, yeshiva students, members of the intellectual classes and leaders of various Jewish communal and labor organizations. Most of them immediately applied for exit permits from Lithuania. Although during the early weeks of 1941 exit permits and Japanese transit visas were readily granted, the problem was how to find transportation costs for those people whose very existences were jeopardized if they remained in Lithuania. The JDC in collaboration with a number of other American Jewish groups, contributed toward the funds required for the Trans-Siberian trip to Japan of 1,700 persons.
In July 1940, Jewish refugees in Germany and other countries began arriving in Japan at Tsuruga, Shimonoseki and Kobe.[15] Japanese embassies and consulates except Kaunas issued 3,448 Japanese transit visas from January 1940 to March 1941.[16] Most of them held valid end-visas and immediately departed Japan. From October 1940, Polish refugees from Lithuania began to land on Tsuruga. Their number increased sharply from January 1941 onwards. "By the end of March there were close to 2,000 in the country, mostly in Kobe. More than half of these refugees did not hold valid end-visas and were unable to proceed further than Japan". They were forced to stay for a long time to find the immigration countries.
The number of Jewish refugees who came to Japan, as seen in Table 1, has documents with 4,500,[17] 5,000[18] or 6,000.[19] 552 persons of the second row of the table do not match the number of departing persons edited by Jewcom.[20] Siberian railway had been closed and no evidence supporting this figure is found in JDC annual reports or MOFA documents. For 200 persons described in Note 1 of Table 1, there is a document in Archives of MOFA that the Japanese consulate of Vladivostok transferred about 50 Jewish refugees who had stranded in Vladivostok to Shanghai with Soviet Union cargo on April 26, 1941.[21]
Sugihara's visas
At the time, the Japanese government required that visas be issued only to those who had gone through appropriate immigration procedures and had enough funds. Most of the refugees did not fulfill these criteria. Sugihara dutifully contacted the Japanese Foreign Ministry three times for instructions. Each time, the Ministry responded that anybody granted a visa should have a visa to a third destination to exit Japan, with no exceptions.[1]
From 18 July to 28 August 1940, aware that applicants were in danger if they stayed behind, Sugihara decided to ignore his orders and issued ten-day visas to Jews for transit through Japan. Given his inferior post and the culture of the Japanese Foreign Service bureaucracy, this was an unusual act of disobedience. He spoke to Soviet officials who agreed to let the Jews travel through the country via the Trans-Siberian Railway at five times the standard ticket price.
Sugihara continued to hand-write visas, reportedly spending 18 to 20 hours a day on them, producing a normal month's worth of visas each day, until 4 September, when he had to leave his post before the consulate was closed. By that time, he had granted thousands of visas to Jews, many of whom were heads of households and thus permitted to take their families with them. It is claimed that before he left, he handed the official consulate stamp to a refugee so that more visas could be forged.[22] His son, Nobuki Sugihara, adamantly insisted in an interview with Ann Curry that his father never gave the stamp to anyone.[23] According to witnesses, he was still writing visas while in transit from his hotel and after boarding the train at the Kaunas Railway Station, throwing visas into the crowd of desperate refugees out of the train's window even as the train pulled out.
In final desperation, blank sheets of paper with only the consulate seal and his signature (that could be later written over into a visa) were hurriedly prepared and flung out from the train. As he prepared to depart, he said, "Please forgive me. I cannot write anymore. I wish you the best." When he bowed deeply to the people before him, someone exclaimed, "Sugihara. We'll never forget you. I'll surely see you again!"[9]
Sugihara himself wondered about official reaction to the thousands of visas he issued. Many years later, he recalled, "No one ever said anything about it. I remember thinking that they probably didn't realize how many I actually issued."[24]
Numbers saved
On the number of refugees passing through Japan who held Japanese transit visas for Curaçao issued by Sugihara, the so-called "Sugihara visa", there are two documents stating numbers 2,200[25] and 6,000.[9] 6,000 persons as stated in "Visas for Life" is likely hearsay.
K. Watanabe argued that there could be 6,000 for the reason that use by three family members per visa is reasonable, that there were newspaper articles with 6,000, and that most of the refugees landing on Tsuruga were now admitted to have a Sugihara visa. On September 29, 1983, Fuji Television aired a documentary "One visa that divided the fate - the Japanese who saved 4,500 Jews".
In 1985, when Chiune Sugihara received Righteous among the Nations award, some Japanese newspapers reported that he saved 6,000 persons and others 4,500.[26] The Japan Times, dated January 19, 1985, headlined "Japanese Man honored for saving 6,000 Jews", and reported "Sugihara defied orders from Tokyo and issued transit visas to nearly 6,000 Jews". US newspapers referred to Sugihara as 'a diplomat who defied his government's orders and issued a transit visas for 6,000 Jews.
Table 2 shows the number of refugees who had stayed at Kobe in 1941 based on Archives of MOFA. Refugees classified as "No visa" in table are presumed to have held fakes of Japanese transit visas issued by Sugihara.[27] The Soviets wanted to purge Polish refugees who had been stranded in Soviet territory with Japanese transit visas as soon as possible,[28] and so permitted them to get on the train to Vladivostok with or without a destination visa. The Japanese government was forced to admit the entry of them. On April 8, 1941, of the 1,400 Polish Jews staying at Kobe, "for Curaçao" and "No visa" were about 1,300.
The Polish ambassador in Tokyo, Tadeusz Romer, remembered, "They (Polish refugees) only had fictitious Dutch visas for the island of Curaçao and Japanese transit visas". According to the refugee name list surveyed by Fukui Prefecture,[29] of the 306 persons who landed at Tsuruga Port in October 1940, there were 203 Poles. Their destinations were US 89, Palestine 46, Curaçao 24, and others. It is estimated that about 80% of them were on the Sugihara visa list.[30] The documents of the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum[31] and "Refugee and Survivor" do not mention the number of people saved by "Sugihara visa".
More than half of the refugees who entered with invalid visas including "Sugihara visa" obtained valid visas with the help of JDC, HIAS, the Embassy of Poland and Japanese government, and embarked host countries. In August–September 1941, Japanese authorities transferred about 850 refugees[32] stranded in Japan to Shanghai before Japan and the United States began war. According to Emigration Table by Jewcom, the number of Polish refugees leaving Japan was Shanghai 860, US 532, Canada 186, Palestine 186, Australia 81, South Africa 59, and others 207 in total 2,111.
The total number of Jews saved by Sugihara is in dispute, estimating about 6,000; family visas—which allowed several people to travel on one visa—were also issued, which would account for the much higher figure. The Simon Wiesenthal Center has estimated that Chiune Sugihara issued transit visas for about 6,000 Jews and that around 40,000 descendants of the Jewish refugees are alive today because of his actions.[1] Polish intelligence produced some false visas.[33] Sugihara's widow and eldest son estimate that he saved 10,000 Jews from certain death, whereas Boston University professor and author, Hillel Levine, also estimates that he helped "as many as 10,000 people", but that far fewer people ultimately survived.[34] Indeed, some Jews who received Sugihara's visas failed to leave Lithuania in time, were later captured by the Germans who invaded the Soviet Union on 22 June 1941, and perished in the Holocaust.
The Diplomatic Record Office of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs has opened to the public two documents concerning Sugihara's file: the first aforementioned document is a 5 February 1941 diplomatic note from Chiune Sugihara to Japan's then Foreign Minister Yōsuke Matsuoka in which Sugihara stated he issued 1,500 out of 2,139 transit visas to Jews and Poles; however, since most of the 2,139 people were not Jewish, this would imply that most of the visas were given to Polish Jews instead. Levine then notes that another document from the same foreign office file "indicates an additional 3,448 visas were issued in Kaunas for a total of 5,580 visas" which were likely given to Jews desperate to flee Lithuania for safety in Japan or Japanese occupied-China.
Many refugees used their visas to travel across the Soviet Union to Vladivostok and then by boat to Kobe, Japan, where there was a Jewish community. Romer, the Polish ambassador in Tokyo, organized help for them. From August 1940 to November 1941, he had managed to get transit visas in Japan, asylum visas to Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Burma, immigration certificates to the British Mandate of Palestine, and immigrant visas to the United States and some Latin American countries for more than two thousand Polish-Lithuanian Jewish refugees, who arrived in Kobe, Japan, and the Shanghai Ghetto, China.
The remaining number of Sugihara survivors stayed in Japan until they were deported to Japanese-held Shanghai, where there was already a large Jewish community that had existed as early as the mid-1930s. Some took the route through Korea directly to Shanghai without passing through Japan. A group of thirty people, all possessing a visa of "Jakub Goldberg", were shuttled back and forth on the open sea for several weeks before finally being allowed to pass through Tsuruga.[35] Most of the around 20,000 Jews survived the Holocaust in the Shanghai ghetto until the Japanese surrender in 1945, three to four months following the collapse of the Third Reich itself.
Resignation
External image
image icon Sugihara and his wife in front of a gate in Prague. It reads "No Jews allowed" in German but "Jews allowed" in Czech, because someone scratched out the "no"
Sugihara was reassigned to Königsberg, East Prussia[34][page needed] before serving as a Consul General in Prague, Czechoslovakia, from March 1941 to late 1942 and in the legation in Bucharest, Romania from 1942 to 1944. He was promoted to the rank of third secretary in 1943, and was decorated with the Order of the Sacred Treasure, 5th Class, in 1944. When Soviet troops entered Romania, they imprisoned Sugihara and his family in a POW camp for eighteen months. They were released in 1946 and returned to Japan through the Soviet Union via the Trans-Siberian railroad and Nakhodka port. In 1947, the Japanese foreign office asked him to resign, nominally due to downsizing. Some sources, including his wife Yukiko Sugihara, have said that the Foreign Ministry told Sugihara he was dismissed because of "that incident" in Lithuania.[34][36]
Later life
Sugihara settled in Fujisawa in Kanagawa prefecture with his wife and three sons. To support his family he took a series of menial jobs, at one point selling light bulbs door to door. He suffered a personal tragedy in 1947 when his youngest son, Haruki, died at the age of seven, shortly after their return to Japan.[10] In 1949 they had one more son, Nobuki, who is the last son alive representing the Chiune Sugihara Family, residing in Belgium. Chiune Sugihara later began to work for an export company as general manager of a U.S. Military Post Exchange. Utilizing his command of the Russian language, Sugihara went on to work and live a low-key existence in the Soviet Union for sixteen years, while his family stayed in Japan.
In 1968, Yehoshua (alternatively spelled Jehoshua or Joshua) Nishri, an economic attaché to the Israeli Embassy in Tokyo and one of the Sugihara beneficiaries, finally located and contacted him. Nishri had been a Polish teen in the 1940s. The next year Sugihara visited Israel and was greeted by the Israeli government. Sugihara beneficiaries began to lobby for his recognition by Yad Vashem. In 1984, Yad Vashem recognised him as Righteous Among the Nations (Hebrew: חסידי אומות העולם, translit. Khasidei Umot ha-Olam).[37] Sugihara was too ill to travel to Israel, so his wife and youngest son Nobuki accepted the honor on his behalf.
In 1985, 45 years after the Soviet invasion of Lithuania, he was asked his reasons for issuing visas to the Jews. Sugihara explained that the refugees were human beings, and that they simply needed help.
You want to know about my motivation, don't you? Well. It is the kind of sentiments anyone would have when he actually sees refugees face to face, begging with tears in their eyes. He just cannot help but sympathize with them. Among the refugees were the elderly and women. They were so desperate that they went so far as to kiss my shoes. Yes, I actually witnessed such scenes with my own eyes. Also, I felt at that time, that the Japanese government did not have any uniform opinion in Tokyo. Some Japanese military leaders were just scared because of the pressure from the Nazis; while other officials in the Home Ministry were simply ambivalent. People in Tokyo were not united. I felt it silly to deal with them. So, I made up my mind not to wait for their reply. I knew that somebody would surely complain about me in the future. But, I myself thought this would be the right thing to do. There is nothing wrong in saving many people's lives... The spirit of humanity, philanthropy... neighborly friendship... with this spirit, I ventured to do what I did, confronting this most difficult situation – and because of this reason, I went ahead with redoubled courage.[38]
When asked by Moshe Zupnik why he risked his career to save other people, he said simply: "I do it just because I have pity on the people. They want to get out so I let them have the visas."
Chiune Sugihara died at a hospital in Kamakura, on 31 July 1986. Despite the publicity given him in Israel and other nations, he had remained virtually unknown in his home country. Only when a large Jewish delegation from around the world, including the Israeli ambassador to Japan, attended his funeral, did his neighbors find out what he had done.[36] His subsequent considerable posthumous acclaim contrasts with the obscurity in which he lived following the loss of his diplomatic career.[39]
Honor Restored
His death spotlighed his humanitarian acts during WW2 and created the opportunity to revise his reputation as a diplomat in his own country. In 1991 Muneo Suzuki, Parliamentaly Vice-President of Foreign Affairs, apologized to Chiune's family for the long-time unfair treatments of Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Official honor restoration by Japanese Government was made on October 10, 2000, when Foreign Minister Yohei Kono set the award plaque and gave a commendation speech at the ceremony for Sugihara at Diplomatic Archives.
Family
Yukiko Sugihara (1914–2008) – wife. Poet and author of "Visas for 6,000 Lives". Eldest daughter of high school principal in Kagawa Prefecture, granddaughter of Buddhist priest in Iwate Prefecture. Well versed in German. Member of Kanagawa Prefecture Poetry Committee and Selection Committee for Asahi Shimbun's Kadan poetry section. Author of Poetry Anthology: White Nights and other. Died on October 8, 2008
Hiroki Sugihara (1936–2001) – eldest son. Studied in California upon graduating from Shonan High School in Kanagawa Prefecture in Japan. Translated his mother's book Visas for Life into English.
Chiaki Sugihara (1938–2010) – second son. Born in Helsinki. Studied in California.
Haruki Sugihara (1940–1947) – third son. He was born in Kaunas. Died at the age of 7 of leukemia.
Monument of Chiune Sugihara in Waseda University
Nobuki Sugihara (1949–) – fourth son. Attended Hebrew University in Israel in 1968 at the invitation of the Israeli Foreign Ministry and the Jewish Fund. Represents the Sugihara family as the only surviving son of Chiune. Since his attendance at the award ceremony of the Sugihara Righteous Forest in the outskirt of Jerusalem on behalf of Chiune in 1985, Nobuki has been actively attending Chiune-related events around the world as the family's spokesperson. Nobuki also heads NPO Sugihara, registered in Belgium, in order to promote peace in the Middle East.
Grandchildren: Chiune Sugihara had 9 grandchildren (8 still alive) and 9 great-grandchildren.
Legacy and honors
Port of Humanity Tsuruga Museum in Tsuruga, Fukui, Japan contains a Sugihara Chiune Corner.
Sugihara Street in Vilnius, Lithuania, Chiune (Sempo) Sugihara Street in Jaffa, Israel, and the asteroid 25893 Sugihara are named after him.
In 1992, the town of Yaotsu opened the Park of Humanity, on a hill over looking the town. In 2000, the Sugihara Chiune Memorial Hall was opened to the public. Since its establishment, more than 600,000 visitors, Japanese and foreign, visited and studied about Sugihara and his virtue.
A corner for Sugihara Chiune is set up in the Port of Humanity Tsuruga Museum near Tsuruga Port, the place where many Jewish refugees arrived in Japan, in the city of Tsuruga, Fukui, Japan.[40]
The Sugihara House Museum is in Kaunas, Lithuania.[41] The Conservative synagogue Temple Emeth, in Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts, US, built a "Sugihara Memorial Garden"[42] and holds an Annual Sugihara Memorial Concert.
When Sugihara's widow Yukiko traveled to Jerusalem in 1998, she was met by tearful survivors who showed her the yellowing visas that her husband had signed. A park in Jerusalem is named after him. Sugihara appeared on a 1998 Israeli postage stamp. The Japanese government honored him on the centennial of his birth in 2000.[1]
In 2001, a sakura park with 200 trees was planted in Vilnius, Lithuania, to mark the 100th anniversary of Sugihara.[43]
In 2002, a memorial statue of Chiune Sugihara by Ramon G. Velazco titled "Chiune Sugihara Memorial, Hero of the Holocaust" was installed in the Little Tokyo neighborhood of Los Angeles, California, US. The life-size bronze statue depicts Sugihara seated on a bench and holding a hand-written visa. Adjacent to the statue is a granite boulder with dedication plaques and a quotation from the Talmud: "He who saves one life, saves the entire world."[44] Its dedication was attended by consuls from Japan, Israel and Lithuania, Los Angeles city officials and Sugihara's son, Chiaki Sugihara.[45] In 2015 the statue sustained vandalism damage to its surface.[44]
In 2007 he was posthumously awarded the Commander's Cross with the Star of the Order of Polonia Restituta,[46] and the Commander's Cross Order of Merit of the Republic of Poland by the President of Poland in 1996.[47] Also, in 1993, he was awarded the Life Saving Cross of Lithuania. He was posthumously awarded the Sakura Award by the Japanese Canadian Cultural Centre (JCCC) in Toronto in November 2014.
In June 2016, a street in Netanya, Israel, was named for Sugihara in the presence of his son Nobuki, as a number of Netanya's current residents are descendants of the Lithuanian Jews who had been given a means of escaping the Third Reich.[48] There is also a street named Rua Cônsul Chiune Sugihara in Londrina, Brazil.
The Lithuanian government declared 2020 "The Year of Chiune Sugihara", promising to erect a monument to him and issue postage stamps in his honor.[49]
Biographies
Levine, Hillel (4 November 1996). In Search of Sugihara: The Elusive Japanese Diplomat Who Risked his Life to Rescue 10,000 Jews From the Holocaust. Free Press. ISBN 978-0684832517.
Yukiko Sugihara, Visas for Life, translated by Hiroki Sugihara, San Francisco, Edu-Comm, 1995.
Yukiko Sugihara, Visas pour 6000 vies, traduit par Karine Chesneau, Ed. Philippe Picquier, 1995.
A Japanese TV station in Japan made a documentary film about Chiune Sugihara. This film was shot in Kaunas, at the place of the former embassy of Japan.
Sugihara: Conspiracy of Kindness (2000) from PBS shares details of Sugihara and his family and the fascinating relationship between the Jews and the Japanese in the 1930s and 1940s.[50]
On 11 October 2005, Yomiuri TV (Osaka) aired a two-hour-long drama entitled Visas for Life about Sugihara, based on his wife's book.[51]
Chris Tashima and Chris Donahue made a film about Sugihara in 1997, Visas and Virtue, which won the Academy Award for Live Action Short Film.[52]
A 2002 children's picture book, Passage to Freedom: The Sugihara Story, by Ken Mochizuki and illustrated by Dom Lee, is written from the perspective of Sugihara's young sons and in the voice of Hiroki Sugihara (age 5, at the time). The book also includes an afterword written by Hiroki Sugihara.
In 2015, Japanese fictional drama film Persona Non Grata (杉原千畝 スギハラチウネ) was produced, Toshiaki Karasawa played Sugihara.
Notable people helped by Sugihara
Leaders and students of the Mir Yeshiva, Yeshivas Tomchei Temimim (formally of Lubavitch/Lyubavichi, Russia) relocated to Otwock, Poland and elsewhere.
Yaakov Banai, commander of the Lehi movement's combat unit and later an Israeli military commander.
Joseph R. Fiszman, a noted scholar and Professor Emeritus of Political Science at the University of Oregon.[53]
Robert Lewin, a Polish art dealer and philanthropist.
Leo Melamed, financier, head of the Chicago Mercantile Exchange (CME), and pioneer of financial futures.
John G. Stoessinger, professor of diplomacy at the University of San Diego.
Zerach Warhaftig, an Israeli lawyer and politician, and a signatory of Israel's Declaration of Independence.
George Zames, control theorist
Bernard and Rochelle Zell, parents of business magnate Sam Zell
See also
Individuals and groups assisting Jews during the Holocaust
Aristides de Sousa Mendes
Varian Fry
Tatsuo Osako
Setsuzo Kotsuji
Giorgio Perlasca
John Rabe
Abdol Hossein Sardari
Oskar Schindler
Raoul Wallenberg
Nicholas Winton
Jan Zwartendijk
Persona Non Grata (2015 film)
Handful of Rain
References
^ a b c d e f Tenembaum B. "Sempo "Chiune" Sugihara, Japanese Savior". The International Raoul Wallenberg Foundation. Retrieved 3 April 2011.
^ a b Levine, Hillel (4 November 1996). In Search of Sugihara: The Elusive Japanese Diplomat Who Risked his Life to Rescue 10,000 Jews From the Holocaust. Free Press. p. 69. ISBN 978-0684832517.
Mochizuki, Ken; Lee, Dom (1997). Passage to Freedom : The Sugihara Story (1st ed.). New York: Lee & Low Books. Afterword. ISBN 1880000490. OCLC 35565958.
Liphshiz, Cnaan (23 May 2019). "Holocaust hero Chiune Sugihara's son sets record straight on his father's story". Times of Israel. Retrieved 25 April 2020.
The birthplace is recorded as Kouzuchi-town, Mugi district in the family registry of the Sugiharas
Pulvers, Roger (11 July 2015). "Chiune Sugihara: man of conscience". The Japan Times Online. ISSN 0447-5763. Retrieved 4 August 2017.
Masha Leon: ""Remembering Yukiko Sugihara", forward.com
(in French) Anne Frank au Pays du Manga – Diaporama : Le Fils du Juste, Arte, 2012
^ a b c Yukiko Sugihara (1995). Visas for life. Edu-Comm Plus. ISBN 978-0-9649674-0-3.
^ a b Sugihara, Seishiro (2001), Chiune Sugihara and Japan's Foreign Ministry, between Incompetence and Culpability. Lanham, MD: University Press of America.
"Polish-Japanese Secret Cooperation During World War II: Sugihara Chiune and Polish Intelligence". Asiatic Society of Japan. March 1995. Archived from the original on 16 July 2011. Retrieved 3 April 2011.
Cassedy, Ellen. "We Are Here: Facing History In Lithuania." Bridges: A Jewish Feminist Journal 12, no. 2 (2007): 77–85.
JDC, "Aiding Jews Overseas, Report of the American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee, Inc. for 1940 and the first 5 months of 1941" pp. 27–28, 39
JDC, "Aiding Jews Overseas, Report of the American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee, Inc. for 1941 and the first 5 months of 1942" pp. 15–16, 33.
JACAR.B04013208900, I-0881/0244
JACAR.B04013209400,I-0882/0102
Marthus, Jurgen "Jewish Responses to Persecution vol. III 1941–1942" p. 43
Warhaftig, Zorach (1988). Refugee and Survivor: Rescue Efforts during the Holocaust. Yad Vashem. ISBN 978-965308005-8.
Watanabe, Katsumasa (2000). 真相・杉原ビザ [The truth – Sugihara Visa] (in Japanese), Tokyo: Taisyo Syuppan
Jewcom. "Emigration from Japan, July 1940 – November 1941"
JACAR.B04013209600,0882/0245
Wolpe, David. "The Japanese Man Who Saved 6,000 Jews With His Handwriting."" New York Times. 15 October 2018. 15 October 2018.
Interview with Ann Curry on May 22, 2019 at the Museum of Jewish Heritage in NYC
Sakamoto, Pamela Rotner (1998). Japanese diplomats and Jewish refugees: a World War II dilemma. New York: Praeger. ISBN 978-0-275-96199-2.
Guryn, Andrzej. "Tadeusz Romer. Help for polish Jews in Far East
Japan Times and Asahi on 19 January 1985, as 6,000, Nikkei and Mainichi on 17 January 1985, as 4,500
Altman, Ilya. "The issuance of visas to war refugees by Chiune Sugihara as reflected in documents of Russian Archives" (2017)
JACAR.B04013209400,i-0882/0036
JACAR.B04013209100,I0881/0448
Kanno, Kenji. "The Arrival of Jewish Refugees to Wartime Japan as reported in the local newspaper Fukui Shinbun(Part I: 1940)" (PDF). ナマール(in Japanese). Kobe・Yudaya Kenkyukai. No 22 (2018).
ushmm "Polish Jews in Lithuania:Escape to Japan"
JACAR.B04013209700,I-0882/0326
Aleksandra Hądzelek (University of Technology Sydney, Australia) (2016). "The memory of Sugihara and the "visas for life" in Poland" (PDF). rcin.org.pl.
^ a b c Levine, Hillel (1996). In search of Sugihara: the elusive Japanese diplomat who risked his life to rescue 10,000 Jews from the Holocaust. New York: Free Press. ISBN 978-0-684-83251-7.
"The Asiatic Society of Japan". Archived from the original on 6 January 2015. Retrieved 26 May 2014.
^ a b Lee, Dom; Mochizuki, Ken (2003). Passage to Freedom: The Sugihara Story. New York: Lee & Low Books. ISBN 978-1-58430-157-8.
Hauser, Zvi (28 October 2020). "Persona non grata no more: Chiune Sugihara - analysis".
Levine, Hillel (1996). In search of Sugihara: the elusive Japanese diplomat who risked his life to rescue 10,000 Jews from the Holocaust. New York: Free Press.
Fogel, Joshua A. "The Recent Boom in Shanghai Studies." Journal of the History of Ideas 71, no. 2 (2010): 313–333.
"Port of Humanity Tsuruga Museum". Tmo-tsuruga.com. Retrieved 29 October 2016.
"Sugihara House Museum". Archived from the original on 5 February 2011. Retrieved 3 April 2011.
"Inside Our Walls". Retrieved 3 April 2011.
"Chiune Sugihara sakura park - Vilnius". wikimapia.org. Retrieved 29 July 2019.
^ a b "Statue of Chiune Sugihara (Chiune Sugihara Memorial)". Public Art in Public Places. 3 March 2020. Retrieved 5 March 2020.
Kyodo News International, Inc. "Sugihara statue dedicated in L.A.'s Little Tokyo". The Free Library. Retrieved 5 March 2020.
"2007 Order of Polonia Restituta" (PDF). Retrieved 3 April 2011.
"1996 Order of Merit of the Republic of Poland" (PDF). Retrieved 3 April 2011.
"Israel names street after diplomat Sugihara, who issued 'visas for life' to Jews during WWII". japantimes.co.jp. The Japan Times. 8 June 2016. Retrieved 8 June 2016. A ceremony on a planned street named after the late Japanese diplomat Chiune Sugihara was held in Netanya, Israel, on Tuesday. Sugihara issued transit visas to thousands of Jews people during World War II, which later came to be known as "visas for life," as they saved many from Nazi persecution. Netanya is known as a place where many Jews arrived after fleeing from the oppression thanks to visas issued by Sugihara. The plan to build the street marks 30 years since Sugihara's death. "It's such an honor. I wish my father was here," said Sugihara's fourth son, Nobuki, 67.
Rankin, Jennifer (4 January 2020). "My father, the quiet hero: how Japan's Schindler saved 6,000 Jews". The Guardian. Retrieved 5 January 2020.
"Sugihara: Conspiracy of Kindness | PBS". Retrieved 3 April 2011.
"Visas that Saved Lives, The Story of Chiune Sugihara (Holocaust Film Drama)". Archived from the original on 18 December 2010. Retrieved 3 April 2011.
"Visas and Virtue (2001) – IMDb". Retrieved 3 April 2011.
Fiszman, Rachele. "In Memoriam." PS: Political Science and Politics 33, no. 3 (2000): 659–60.
Further reading
Esin Ayirtman - Sugihara (2020) Chiune Sugihara ISBN 978-9464007862
Yukiko Sugihara (1995), Visas for Life, translation by Hiroki Sugihara and Anne Hoshiko Akabori, Edu-Comm Plus Editors, ISBN 978-0964967403
Yutaka Taniuchi (2001), The miraculous visas – Chiune Sugihara and the story of the 6000 Jews, New York: Gefen Books. ISBN 978-4-89798-565-7
Seishiro Sugihara & Norman Hu (2001), Chiune Sugihara and Japan's Foreign Ministry : Between Incompetence and Culpability, University Press of America. ISBN 978-0-7618-1971-4
Ganor, Solly (2003). Light One Candle: A Survivor's Tale from Lithuania to Jerusalem. Kodansha America. ISBN 978-1-56836-352-3.
Gold, Alison Leslie (2000). A Special Fate: Chiune Sugihara: Hero Of The Holocaust. New York: Scholastic. ISBN 978-0-439-25968-2.
Kranzler, David (1988). Japanese, Nazis and Jews: The Jewish Refugee Community of Shanghai, 1938–1945. Ktav Pub Inc. ISBN 978-0-88125-086-2.
Saul, Eric (1995). Visas for Life : The Remarkable Story of Chiune & Yukiko Sugihara and the Rescue of Thousands of Jews. San Francisco: Holocaust Oral History Project. ISBN 978-0-9648999-0-2.
Iwry, Samuel (2004). To Wear the Dust of War: From Bialystok to Shanghai to the Promised Land, an Oral History (Palgrave Studies in Oral History). Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 978-1-4039-6576-9.
Paldiel, Mordecai (2007). Diplomat heroes of the Holocaust. Jersey City, NJ: distrib. by Ktav Publishing House. ISBN 978-0-88125-909-4.
Sakamoto, Pamela Rotner (1998). Japanese diplomats and Jewish refugees: a World War II dilemma. New York: Praeger. ISBN 978-0-275-96199-2.
Staliunas, Darius; Stefan Schreiner; Leonidas Donskis; Alvydas Nikzentaitis (2004). The vanished world of Lithuanian Jews. Amsterdam: Rodopi. ISBN 978-90-420-0850-2.
Steinhouse, Carl L (2004). Righteous and Courageous: How a Japanese Diplomat Saved Thousands of Jews in Lithuania from the Holocaust. Authorhouse. ISBN 978-1-4184-2079-6.
Ten Green Bottles: The True Story of One Family's Journey from War-torn Austria to the Ghettos of Shanghai by Vivian Jeanette Kaplan (St. Martin's Press, 2004) ISBN 0-312-33054-5
J.W.M. Chapman, "Japan in Poland's Secret Neighbourhood War" in Japan Forum No. 2, 1995.
Ewa Pałasz-Rutkowska & Andrzej T. Romer, "Polish-Japanese co-operation during World War II" in Japan Forum No. 7, 1995.
Takesato Watanabe (1999), "The Revisionist Fallacy in The Japanese Media 1 – Case Studies of Denial of Nazi Gas Chambers and NHK's Report on Japanese & Jews Relations" in Social Sciences Review, Doshisha University, No. 59.
Gerhard Krebs, Die Juden und der Ferne Osten at the Wayback Machine (archived 5 November 2005), NOAG 175–176, 2004.
Gerhard Krebs, "The Jewish Problem in Japanese-German Relations 1933–1945" in Bruce Reynolds (ed.), Japan in Fascist Era, New York, 2004.
Jonathan Goldstein, "The Case of Jan Zwartendijk in Lithuania, 1940" in Deffry M. Diefendorf (ed.), New Currents in Holocaust Research, Lessons and Legacies, vol. VI, Northwestern University Press, 2004.
Hideko Mitsui, "Longing for the Other : traitors' cosmopolitanism" in Social Anthropology, Vol 18, Issue 4, November 2010, European Association of Social Anthropologists.
"Lithuania at the beginning of WWII"
George Johnstone, "Japan's Sugihara came to Jews' rescue during WWII" in Investor's Business Daily, 8 December 2011.
William Kaplan, One More Border: The True Story of One Family's Escape from War-Torn Europe, ISBN 0-88899-332-3
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Chiune Sugihara (category)
[1]
Official NPO SUGIHARA
The Chiune Sugihara Memorial Hall in Yaotsu Town
Google honors Chiune Sugihara with Doodle
NPO Chiune Sugihara. Visas For Life Foundation in Japan
Chiune Sugihara Centennial Celebration
Jewish Virtual Library: Chiune and Yukiko Sugihara
Revisiting the Sugihara Story from Holocaust Survivors and Remembrance Project: "Forget You Not"
Visas for Life Foundation
Immortal Chaplains Foundation Prize for Humanity 2000 (awarded to Sugihara in 2000)
Foreign Ministry says no disciplinary action for "Japan's Schindler"
Foreign Ministry honors Chiune Sugihara by setting his Commemorative Plaque (10 October 2000)
Japanese recognition of countryman
Chiune Sempo Sugihara – Righteous Among the Nations – Yad Vashem
United States Holocaust Memorial Museum – Online Exhibition Chiune (Sempo) Sugihara
Yukiko Sugihara's Farewell on YouTube
Sugihara Museum in Kaunas, Lithuania
Interview Nobuki Sugihara
Chiune Sugihara at Find a Grave
Behind the Scenes of Loyal Studios Burbank and Santa Monica, and Bob Bekian's new online station, "RealHD.tv" set to launch September 2011. Bob Bekian hosts the show "Hollywood Legends." His first interview was with the amazing Julie Adams, from "Creature from the Black Lagoon."
Amber and Crystal's photo shoot produced by Gordon Realtvfilms Vasquez
Chiune Sugihara
Japanese diplomat (1900–1986)
Chiune Sugihara (杉原 千畝, Sugihara Chiune; 1 January 1900 – 31 July 1986)[1] was a Japanese diplomat who served as vice-consul for the Japanese Empire in Kaunas, Lithuania. During the Second World War, Sugihara helped thousands of Jews flee Europe by issuing transit visas to them so that they could travel through Japanese territory, risking his career and the lives of his family.[2][3] The fleeing Jews were refugees from German-occupied Western Poland and Soviet-occupied Eastern Poland, as well as residents of Lithuania.
Quick Facts Born, Died ...
Lithuania declared the year 2020 as "The Year of Chiune Sugihara" in his honor. Today, the estimated number of descendants of those who received "Sugihara visas" ranges between 40,000[4] and 100,000.[5]
In 2021 a street in Jerusalem was dedicated in his honor.
Early life and education
Chiune Sugihara was born on 1 January 1900 (Meiji 33), in Mino, Gifu prefecture, to a middle-class father, Yoshimi Sugihara (杉原好水, Sugihara Yoshimi), and an upper-middle class mother, Yatsu Sugihara (杉原やつ, Sugihara Yatsu).[6] When he was born, his father worked at a tax office in Kozuchi-town and his family lived in a borrowed temple, with the Buddhist temple Kyōsen-ji (教泉寺) where he was born nearby. He was the second son among five boys and one girl.[1] His father and family moved into the tax office within the branch of the Nagoya Tax Administration Office one after another. In 1903 his family moved to Asahi Village in Niu-gun, Fukui Prefecture. In 1904 they moved to Yokkaichi, Mie Prefecture. On 25 October 1905, they moved to Nakatsu Town, Ena-gun, Gifu Prefecture. In 1906 (Meiji 39) on 2 April, Chiune entered Nakatsu Town Municipal Elementary School (now Nakatsugawa City Minami Elementary School in Gifu Prefecture). On 31 March 1907, he transferred to Kuwana Municipal Kuwana Elementary School in Mie Prefecture (currently Kuwana Municipal Nissin Elementary School). In December of that same year, he transferred to Nagoya Municipal Furuwatari Elementary School (now Nagoya Municipal Heiwa Elementary School). In 1912, he graduated with top honors from Furuwatari Elementary School and entered Aichi prefectural 5th secondary school (now Zuiryo high school), a combined junior and senior high school. His father wanted him to become a physician, but Chiune deliberately failed the entrance exam by writing only his name on the exam papers. Instead, he entered Waseda University in 1918 (Taishō 7) and majored in English language. At that time, he entered Yuai Gakusha, the Christian fraternity that had been founded by Baptist pastor Harry Baxter Benninghoff, to improve his English.
In 1919, he passed the Foreign Ministry Scholarship exam. From 1920 to 1922, Sugihara served in the Imperial Japanese Army as a second lieutenant with the 79th Infantry Regiment, stationed in Korea, then part of the Empire of Japan. He resigned his commission in November 1922 and took the Foreign Ministry's language qualifying exams the following year, passing the Russian exam with distinction. The Japanese Foreign Ministry recruited him and assigned him to Harbin, Manchuria, China, where he also studied the Russian and German languages and later became an expert on Russian affairs.
Chiune Sugihara's birth registry, indicating his birthplace as Kozuchi Town, Mugi District, nowadays known as Mino City in Gifu Prefecture
Observation Kozuchi-town from Mt. Ogura. Kyosenji Temple where Chiune Sugihara was born and village section Named "Chiune" which can be seen from the temple.
Observation Kozuchi-town from Mt. Ogura. Kyosenji Temple where Chiune Sugihara was born and village section Named "Chiune" which can be seen from the temple.
Kyōsen-ji Temple (教泉寺). This temple was located at the address reported as the birthplace of Sugihara Chiune, and there was a Kōzuchi tax office that Chiune father served in the immediate area.
Kyōsen-ji Temple (教泉寺). This temple was located at the address reported as the birthplace of Sugihara Chiune, and there was a Kōzuchi tax office that Chiune father served in the immediate area.
Chiune Bridge. A bridge over Chiune-cho which was the origin of the name of Chiune.
Chiune Bridge. A bridge over Chiune-cho which was the origin of the name of Chiune.
Bus stop of Chiune-cho where the name of Sugihara Chiune was derived
Bus stop of Chiune-cho where the name of Sugihara Chiune was derived
Manchurian Foreign Office
When Sugihara served in the Manchukuo (Manchurian) Foreign Office, he took part in the negotiations with the Soviet Union concerning the Northern Manchurian Railway. Sugihara was said to be the best Russian-speaker in the Japanese government, according to Roger Pulvers, and negotiated an agreement favourable to Japan with the Soviet Union which allowed Japan’s Northern Manchurian Railway's expansion.[7]
During his time in Harbin, Sugihara married Klaudia Semionovna Apollonova and converted to Christianity (Russian Orthodox Church),[8] using the baptismal name Sergei Pavlovich.[2]
In 1934, Sugihara quit his post as Deputy Foreign Minister in Manchukuo in protest over Japanese mistreatment of the local Chinese.[9]
Sugihara and his wife divorced in 1935, before he returned to Japan, where he married Yukiko Kikuchi (1913–2008).[10] They had four sons - Hiroki, Chiaki, Haruki, and Nobuki. As of 2025, Nobuki is the only surviving son and represents the Sugihara family at numerous ceremonies worldwide.[11][12]
Chiune Sugihara also served in the Information Department of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and as a translator for the Japanese delegation in Helsinki, Finland.[13]
Lithuania
Former Japanese consulate in Kaunas
In 1939, Sugihara became a vice-consul of the Japanese Consulate in Kaunas, the temporary capital of Lithuania. His duties included reporting on Soviet and German troop movements,[1] and to find out if Germany planned an attack on the Soviets and, if so, to report the details of this attack to his superiors in Berlin and Tokyo.[14]
Sugihara had cooperated with Polish intelligence as part of a bigger Japanese–Polish cooperative plan.[15]
In Lithuania, Sugihara started using the Sino-Japanese reading "Sempo" for his given name,[16] since it was easier to pronounce than "Chiune".[17]
Jewish refugees
As the Soviet Union occupied sovereign Lithuania in 1940, many Polish and Lithuanian Jews fearing persecution tried to acquire exit visas.[18] While under Soviet occupation, it was announced that many foreign consulates in Kaunas would soon be closed. Per the Holocaust researcher and historian David Kranzler, Dutch national Nathan Gutwirth asked the Dutch Ambassador to the Baltic states, L. P. J. de Decker, for a travel visa. Per the granddaughter of another Dutch national Peppy Sterinheim Lewin made the request. Either one or both of the above sought to reach Curaçao, then a Dutch colony, with subsequent plans to reach the United States.[19][20] Dekker was operating out of the Dutch consulate in Riga, Latvia. They were informed that no visa would be required, but travelers were instead required to obtain permission from the governor to land. Gutwirth or Lewin convinced de Dekker to issue the travel document with the second phrase omitted, instead only indicating that no visa was required[21]. The island had been providing fuel via its oil refineries to Allied forces, and was unwilling to let in immigrants from enemy territories.[22]
Dekker requested and authorized the Dutch honorary consul Jan Zwartendijk to issue the same text to Jews in Kovno who wished to escape from Lithuania.[23][21] In the period between 16 July and 3 August 1940, Jan Zwartendijk provided over 2,200 Jews with similar notations in their passports.[citation needed]
In June 1940, as Italy entered the war, exit routes via the Mediterranean Sea were closed. The Committee in Greater Germany, forced to seek new outlets for emigration, arranged for the transportation of Jews from Germany across Europe and Asia (via the Trans-Siberian Railway) to Vladivostok, and then to Japan. From Japan the refugees were to embark for destinations in the Western Hemisphere.
Although the Soviet Union began offering citizenship to those living in occupied Lithuania, some instead still wished to emigrate—principally rabbis, yeshiva students, members of the intellectual classes and leaders of various Jewish communal and labor organizations. Travel visas to Japan were initially granted without much difficulty, and the JDC, in collaboration with a number of other American Jewish groups, contributed toward the funds required for the Trans-Siberian trip to Japan of 1,700 persons.[citation needed]
In July of 1940, Jewish refugees from Germany, Poland, Lithuania, and other countries began arriving in Japan at Tsuruga, Shimonoseki and Kobe.[24] Japanese embassies and consulates except Kaunas issued 3,448 Japanese transit visas from January 1940 to March 1941.[25] Nearly half of the recipients held valid end-visas and immediately departed Japan.[citation needed]
Table 1: Number of European Jews arriving in Japan
The number of Jewish refugees who came to Japan, as seen in Table 1, has been documented as 4,500,[26] 5,000[27] or 6,000.[28] The 552 persons noted in the second row of the table do not match the number of departing persons edited by Jewcom.[29] The Siberian railway had been closed and no evidence supporting this figure is found in JDC annual reports or MOFA documents. For the 200 persons described in Note 1 of Table 1, there is a document in the Archives of MOFA[30] that the Japanese consulate of Vladivostok transferred about 50 Jewish refugees who had been stranded in Vladivostok to Shanghai with Soviet Union cargo on 26 April 1941.[31]
Sugihara's Visas
At the time, the Japanese government required that Japanese transit visas be issued only to those who had gone through appropriate immigration procedures, had enough funds and an onward final destination. Most of the refugees did not fulfill these criteria. Sugihara dutifully contacted the Japanese Foreign Ministry three times for instructions. Each time, the Ministry responded that anybody granted a visa should be in possession of a destination visa to an onward country beyond Japan, without exception.[1]
Being aware that applicants were in danger if they stayed behind, Sugihara decided to ignore his orders and, from July 18 to August 28, 1940, he issued over 2100 transit visas. Given his inferior post and the culture of the Japanese Foreign Service bureaucracy, this was an unusual act of disobedience. He spoke to Soviet officials who agreed to let the Jews travel through the country via the Trans-Siberian Railway. His wife Yukiko who supported and encouraged him later recalled, "My husband and I talked about the visas before he issued them. We understood that both the Japanese and German governments disagreed with our ideas, but we went ahead anyhow."[32]
Czechoslovakian passport with a Japanese transit visa issued in Kaunas, Lithuania on August 22, 1940 by Chiune Sugihara.
Sugihara continued to hand-write visas, reportedly spending 18 to 20 hours a day on them, producing a normal month's worth of visas each day, until September 4, 1940, when he had to leave his post before the consulate was closed. By that time, he had granted thousands of visas to Jews, many of whom were heads of households and thus permitted to take their families with them. It is claimed that before he left, he handed the official consulate stamp to a refugee so that more visas could be forged.[33] His son, Nobuki Sugihara, adamantly insisted in an interview with Ann Curry that his father never gave the stamp to anyone.[34] According to witnesses, he was still writing visas while in transit from his hotel and after boarding the train at Kaunas railway station, throwing visas into the crowd of desperate refugees out of the train's window even as the train pulled out. His son Hiroki noted, "my father continued to pen visas even at the railway station, throwing the last stamped passports out of the window of our train".[35]
Consular office with original consular flag in Kaunas
In final desperation, blank sheets of paper with only the consulate seal and his signature (that could be later written over into a visa) were hurriedly prepared and flung out from the train. As he prepared to depart, he said, "Please forgive me. I cannot write anymore. I wish you the best." When he bowed deeply to the people before him, someone exclaimed, "Sugihara. We'll never forget you. I'll surely see you again!"[13]
Sugihara himself wondered about official reaction to the thousands of visas he issued. Many years later, he recalled, "No one ever said anything about it. I remember thinking that they probably didn't realize how many I actually issued."[36]
Numbers saved
On the number of refugees passing through Japan who held Japanese transit visas for Curaçao issued by Sugihara, the so-called "Sugihara visa", there are two documents stating numbers of 2,200[37] and 6,000.[13] The 6,000 persons as stated in Visas for Life is likely hearsay.[citation needed]
K. Watanabe argued that there could be 6,000, arguing that use by three family members per visa is reasonable, that there were newspaper articles reporting the 6,000 figure, and that most of the refugees landing on Tsuruga were now admitted with a Sugihara visa. On 29 September 1983, Fuji Television aired a documentary "One visa that decided their fate - the Japanese who saved 4,500 Jews."
In 1985 some Japanese newspapers reported that he saved 6,000 people and others 4,500.[38] The Japan Times, dated 19 January 1985, had the headline "Japanese Man honored for saving 6,000 Jews";[39] the Los Angeles Times reported, "Sugihara defied orders from Tokyo and issued transit visas to nearly 6,000 Jews".[40] US newspapers [which?] referred to Sugihara as "a diplomat who defied his government's orders and issued transit visas for 6,000 Jews".
Table 2 shows the number of refugees who had stayed at Kobe in 1941 based on Archives of MOFA. Refugees classified as "No visa" in the table are presumed to have held fakes of Japanese transit visas issued by Sugihara.[41] The Soviets wanted to purge Polish refugees who had been stranded in Soviet territory with Japanese transit visas as soon as possible,[42] and so permitted them to get on the train to Vladivostok with or without a destination visa. The Japanese government was forced to admit them. On 8 April 1941, of the 1,400 Polish Jews staying at Kobe, about 1,300 were "for Curaçao" or "No visa".
Table 2: Number of European Jewish refugees staying at Kobe
The Polish ambassador in Tokyo, Tadeusz Romer, remembered, "They (Polish refugees) only had fictitious Dutch visas for the island of Curaçao and Japanese transit visas." According to the refugee name list surveyed by Fukui Prefecture,[43] of the 306 persons who landed at Tsuruga Port in October 1940, there were 203 Poles. Their destinations were US 89, Palestine 46, Curaçao 24, and others. It is estimated that about 80% of them were on the Sugihara visa list.[44] The documents of the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum[45] and "Refugee and Survivor" do not mention the number of people saved by a "Sugihara visa".
More than half of the refugees who entered with invalid visas, including a "Sugihara visa", obtained valid visas with the help of JDC, HIAS, the Embassy of Poland, and the Japanese government, and embarked for host countries. In August–September 1941, Japanese authorities transferred about 850 refugees[46] stranded in Japan to Shanghai before Japan and the United States began war. According to Emigration Table by Jewcom, the number of Polish refugees leaving Japan for various destinations was Shanghai 860, US 532, Canada 186, Palestine 186, Australia 81, South Africa 59, and others 207, in total 2,111.
The total number of Jews saved by Sugihara is in dispute, with estimates around 6,000; family visas—which allowed several people to travel on one visa—were also issued, which would account for the much higher figure. Research published in the 2022 book Emerging Heroes by Akira Kitade into the ratio of "accompanying family members" to valid visa holders concludes that "3,000 is the appropriate final number" (p. 132). The Simon Wiesenthal Center has estimated that Chiune Sugihara issued transit visas for about 6,000 Jews and that around 40,000 descendants of the Jewish refugees are alive today because of his actions. Polish intelligence produced some forged visas.[47] Sugihara's widow and eldest son estimate that he saved 10,000 Jews from certain death, whereas Boston University professor and author Hillel Levine also estimates that he helped "as many as 10,000 people," but that far fewer people ultimately survived.[48] Some Jews who received Sugihara's visas did not leave Lithuania in time, were captured by the Germans after Germany invaded the Soviet Union on 22 June 1941, and perished in the Holocaust.
Recreation of Sugihara's consular desk in Kaunas
The Diplomatic Record Office of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs has opened to the public two documents concerning Sugihara's file: the first aforementioned document is a 5 February 1941 diplomatic note from Chiune Sugihara to Japan's then Foreign Minister Yōsuke Matsuoka in which Sugihara stated he issued 1,500 out of 2,139 transit visas to Jews and Poles; however, since most of the 2,139 people were not Jewish, this would imply that most of the visas were given to Polish Jews instead. Levine then notes that another document from the same foreign office file "indicates an additional 3,448 visas were issued in Kaunas for a total of 5,580 visas" which were likely given to Jews desperate to flee Lithuania for safety in Japan or Japanese occupied-China.
Many refugees used their visas to travel across the Soviet Union to Vladivostok and then by boat to Kobe, Japan, where there was a Jewish community. Romer, the Polish ambassador in Tokyo, organized help for them. From August 1940 to November 1941, he had managed to get transit visas in Japan, asylum visas to Canada, Australia, New Zealand, and Burma, immigration certificates to British Mandatory Palestine, and immigrant visas to the United States and some Latin American countries for more than two thousand Polish-Lithuanian Jewish refugees, who arrived in Kobe, Japan, and the Shanghai Ghetto, China.
The remaining number of Sugihara survivors stayed in Japan until they were deported to Japanese-occupied Shanghai, where there was already a large Jewish community that had existed as early as the mid-1930s. Some took the route through Korea directly to Shanghai without passing through Japan. A group of thirty people, all possessing a visa of "Jakub Goldberg", were shuttled back and forth on the open sea for several weeks before finally being allowed to pass through Tsuruga.[49] Most of the around 20,000 Jews survived the Holocaust in the Shanghai ghetto until the Japanese surrender in 1945, three to four months following the collapse of the Third Reich itself.
Imprisonment, release
Quick Facts External image ...
Sugihara was reassigned to Königsberg, East Prussia[48][page needed] before serving as a Consul General in Prague, in the German-occupied Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia, from March 1941 to late 1942 and in the legation in Bucharest, Romania from 1942 to 1944. He was promoted to the rank of third secretary in 1943, and was decorated with the Order of the Sacred Treasure, 5th Class, in 1944. When Soviet troops entered Romania, they imprisoned Sugihara and his family in a POW camp for eighteen months. They were released in 1946 and returned to Japan through the Soviet Union via the Trans-Siberian Railway and Nakhodka port. In 1947, the Japanese foreign office asked him to resign, due to downsizing. Some sources, including his wife Yukiko Sugihara, have said that the Foreign Ministry told Sugihara he was dismissed because of "that incident" in Lithuania.[48][51]
Later life
Sugihara settled in Fujisawa in Kanagawa prefecture with his wife and three sons. To support his family he took a series of menial jobs, at one point selling light bulbs door to door. He suffered a personal tragedy in 1947 when his youngest son, Haruki, died at the age of seven, shortly after their return to Japan.[14] In 1949 they had one more son, Nobuki, who is the last son alive representing the Chiune Sugihara Family, residing in Belgium. Chiune Sugihara later began to work for an export company as general manager of a U.S. Military Post Exchange. Utilizing his command of the Russian language, Sugihara went on to work and live a low-key existence in the Soviet Union for sixteen years, while his family stayed in Japan.
Chiune Sugihara and his son Nobuki in Israel, December 1969
Plaque in front of Chiune Sugihara's tree on the Avenue of the Righteous at Yad Vashem in Jerusalem
In 1968, Yehoshua Nishri, an economic attaché to the Israeli Embassy in Tokyo and one of the Sugihara beneficiaries, finally located and contacted him. Nishri had been a Polish teen in the 1940s. The next year Sugihara visited Israel and was greeted by the Israeli government. Sugihara beneficiaries began to lobby for his recognition by Yad Vashem[52] Sugihara was too ill to travel to Israel, so his wife and youngest son Nobuki accepted the honor on his behalf.
In 1985, 45 years after the Soviet invasion of Lithuania, he was asked his reasons for issuing visas to the Jews. Sugihara explained that the refugees were human beings, and that they simply needed help.
You want to know about my motivation, don't you? Well. It is the kind of sentiments anyone would have when he actually sees refugees face to face, begging with tears in their eyes. He just cannot help but sympathize with them. Among the refugees were the elderly and women. They were so desperate that they went so far as to kiss my shoes. Yes, I actually witnessed such scenes with my own eyes. Also, I felt at that time, that the Japanese government did not have any uniform opinion in Tokyo. Some Japanese military leaders were just scared because of the pressure from the Nazis; while other officials in the Home Ministry were simply ambivalent. People in Tokyo were not united. I felt it silly to deal with them. So, I made up my mind not to wait for their reply. I knew that somebody would surely complain about me in the future. But, I myself thought this would be the right thing to do. There is nothing wrong in saving many people's lives... The spirit of humanity, philanthropy... neighborly friendship... with this spirit, I ventured to do what I did, confronting this most difficult situation – and because of this reason, I went ahead with redoubled courage.[53]
When asked by Moshe Zupnik, who received one of the visas from Sugihara in 1940,[54] why he risked his career to save other people, he said simply: "I do it just because I have pity on the people. They want to get out so I let them have the visas."
Chiune Sugihara died at a hospital in Kamakura, on 31 July 1986, and was buried in Kamakura Cemetery (Kamakura Reien).[55] Despite the publicity given him in Israel and other nations, he had remained virtually unknown in his home country. Only when a large Jewish delegation from around the world, including the Israeli ambassador to Japan, attended his funeral, did his neighbours find out what he had done.[51] His subsequent considerable posthumous acclaim contrasts with the obscurity in which he lived following the loss of his diplomatic career.[56]
Honor restored
His death spotlighted his humanitarian acts during World War II and created the opportunity to revise his reputation as a diplomat in his own country. In 1991 Muneo Suzuki, Parliamentary Vice-President of Foreign Affairs, apologized to Chiune's family for the long-time unfair treatment by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs.[57] Official honor restoration by Japanese Government was made on 10 October 2000, when Foreign Minister Yōhei Kōno set the award plaque and gave a commendation speech at the ceremony for Sugihara at the Diplomatic Archives of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan.[58]
Family
Yukiko Sugihara in 2000
Yukiko Sugihara (née Kikuchi) (1913–2008) – wife. Poet and author of Visas for 6,000 Lives. She was the eldest daughter of a high school principal in Kagawa Prefecture, and the granddaughter of a Buddhist priest in Iwate Prefecture. She was also well versed in German, and a member of Kanagawa Prefecture Poetry Committee and Selection Committee for Asahi Shimbun's Kadan poetry section. She was the author of Poetry Anthology: White Nights and other works. She also converted to Russian Orthodoxy upon her marriage to Sugihara.[citation needed] Died on 8 October 2008.
Hiroki Sugihara (1936–2002) – eldest son. Studied in California upon graduating from Shonan High School in Kanagawa Prefecture in Japan. Translated his mother's book Visas for Life into English.
Chiaki Sugihara (1938–2010) – second son. Born in Helsinki. Studied in California.
Haruki Sugihara (1940–12 November 1947) – third son. He was born in Kaunas. Died in Japan aged between six and seven of leukemia.
Nobuki Sugihara (1948–) – fourth son. Attended Hebrew University in Israel in 1968 at the invitation of the Israeli Foreign Ministry and the Jewish Fund. Represents the Sugihara family as the only surviving son of Chiune. Since his attendance at the award ceremony of the Sugihara Righteous Forest in the outskirt of Jerusalem on behalf of Chiune in 1985, Nobuki has been actively attending Chiune-related events around the world as the family's spokesperson. Nobuki also heads NPO Sugihara, registered in Belgium, in order to promote peace in the Middle East.
Grandchildren: Chiune Sugihara had 9 grandchildren (8 still alive) and 10 great-grandchildren. Among his grandchildren, those most active in promoting his legacy are Chihiro Sugihara and Madoka Sugihara, both children of Hiroki Sugihara.
Legacy and honors
Quick Facts Saint, Righteous ...
Chiune Sugihara is venerated in the Eastern Orthodox Church.[59]
Troparion, tone 8:
A great light has shone forth to us from the Orient, for thou, o righteous Chiune, suffered as Paul the Apostle for the salvation of Old Israel. Now thy spirit rejoices in the Lord who said: A new commandment I give unto you, that you love one another as I have loved you.
In 1984, Yad Vashem bestowed the Righteous Among the Nations title on Chiune Sugihara, the only Japanese national to have been so honored. He was too ill to travel to receive the award at the Israeli embassy in Tokyo, so his wife and one or more of his children accepted the honor on his behalf.
The Port of Humanity Tsuruga Museum in Tsuruga, Fukui, Japan, contains a Sugihara Chiune corner.
Sugihara Street in Vilnius, Lithuania, Chiune (Sempo) Sugihara Street in Jaffa, Israel, and the asteroid 25893 Sugihara are named after him.
In 1992, the town of Yaotsu opened the Park of Humanity, on a hill overlooking the town. In 2000, the Chiune Sugihara Memorial Hall was opened to the public. Since its establishment, more than 600,000 visitors, Japanese and foreign, visited and studied about Sugihara and his virtue.
A corner for Sugihara Chiune is set up in the Port of Humanity Tsuruga Museum near Tsuruga Port, the place where many Jewish refugees arrived in Japan, in the city of Tsuruga, Fukui, Japan.[60]
Sugihara Street, Netanya
The Sugihara House Museum is in Kaunas, Lithuania.[61] The Conservative synagogue Temple Emeth, in Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts, US, built a "Sugihara Memorial Garden"[62] and holds an Annual Sugihara Memorial Concert. In 1996, Albany, New York erected a plaque honoring Sugihara in the city's Raoul Wallenberg Park.[63][64]
When Sugihara's widow Yukiko travelled to Jerusalem in 1998, she was met by tearful survivors who showed her the yellowing visas that her husband had signed. A park in Jerusalem is named after him. Sugihara appeared on a 1998 Israeli postage stamp. The Japanese government honored him on the centennial of his birth in 2000.[1]
In 2001, a sakura park with 200 trees was planted in Vilnius, Lithuania, to mark the 100th anniversary of Sugihara.[clarification needed][65]
In 2002, a memorial statue of Chiune Sugihara by Ramon G. Velazco titled "Chiune Sugihara Memorial, Hero of the Holocaust" was installed in the Little Tokyo neighborhood of Los Angeles, California, US. The life-size bronze statue depicts Sugihara seated on a bench and holding a hand-written visa. Adjacent to the statue is a granite boulder with dedication plaques and a quotation from the Talmud: "He who saves one life, saves the entire world." Its dedication was attended by consuls from Japan, Israel and Lithuania, Los Angeles city officials and Sugihara's son, Chiaki Sugihara.[66]
In 2007 he was posthumously awarded the Commander's Cross with the Star of the Order of Polonia Restituta,[67] and the Commander's Cross Order of Merit of the Republic of Poland by the President of Poland in 1996.[68] Also, in 1993, he was awarded the Life Saving Cross of Lithuania. He was posthumously awarded the Sakura Award by the Japanese Canadian Cultural Centre (JCCC) in Toronto in November 2014.
In June 2016, a street in Netanya, Israel, was named for Sugihara in the presence of his son Nobuki, as a number of Netanya's current residents are descendants of the Lithuanian Jews who had been given a means of escaping the Third Reich.[69] There is also a street named Rua Cônsul Chiune Sugihara in Londrina, Brazil.
The Lithuanian government declared 2020 "The Year of Chiune Sugihara", promising to erect a monument to him and issue postage stamps in his honor.[70] A monument to Sugihara, featuring origami cranes, was unveiled in Kaunas in October 2020.[71]
Sugihara Way in front of Congregation Beth David, Saratoga CA, US
Since October 2021, there is a Chiune Sugihara Square in Jerusalem as well as a Garden named for him in the Kiryat Hayovel neighborhood of the city.[72]
Biographies
Sugihara's widow with Lithuania's president Valdas Adamkus at a tree planting ceremony in Vilnius, Lithuania in 2001
Memorial, Sugihara Park, Vilnius
Sakura cherry trees, Sugihara Park, Vilnius
Levine, Hillel (4 November 1996). In Search of Sugihara: The Elusive Japanese Diplomat Who Risked his Life to Rescue 10,000 Jews From the Holocaust. Free Press. ISBN 978-0684832517.
Yukiko Sugihara, Visas for Life, translated by Hiroki Sugihara, San Francisco, Edu-Comm, 1995.
Yukiko Sugihara, Visas pour 6000 vies, traduit par Karine Chesneau, Ed. Philippe Picquier, 1995.
A Japanese TV station in Japan made a documentary film about Chiune Sugihara. This film was shot in Kaunas, at the place of the former embassy of Japan.
Sugihara: Conspiracy of Kindness (2000) from PBS shares details of Sugihara and his family and the fascinating relationship between the Jews and the Japanese in the 1930s and 1940s.[73]
A Special Fate: Chiune Sugihara: Hero of the Holocaust (2000), by Alison Leslie Gold, is a book for young readers (grades 5-10). The book draws on interviews with Sugihara's wife and other witnesses and weaves in the stories of two Jewish refugee families. The epilogue describes how Sugihara was finally honored in his own country and in Israel.
On 11 October 2005, Yomiuri TV (Osaka) aired a two-hour-long drama entitled Visas for Life about Sugihara, based on his wife's book.[74]
Chris Tashima and Chris Donahue made a film about Sugihara in 1997, Visas and Virtue, which won the Academy Award for Live Action Short Film.[75]
A 2002 children's picture book, Passage to Freedom: The Sugihara Story, by Ken Mochizuki and illustrated by Dom Lee, is written from the perspective of Sugihara's young sons and in the voice of Hiroki Sugihara (age 5, at the time). The book also includes an afterword written by Hiroki Sugihara.
In 2015, Japanese fictional drama film Persona Non Grata (杉原千畝 スギハラチウネ) was produced, Toshiaki Karasawa played Sugihara.
Notable Sugihara Visa Recipients
Leaders and students of the Mir Yeshiva, Yeshivas Tomchei Temimim (formally of Lubavitch/Lyubavichi, Russia) relocated to Otwock, Poland and elsewhere.
Yaakov Banai, commander of the Lehi movement's combat unit and later an Israeli military commander
Joseph R. Fiszman, professor emeritus of Political Science at the University of Oregon[76]
Robert Lewin, a Polish art dealer and philanthropist
Leo Melamed, financier, head of the Chicago Mercantile Exchange (CME), and pioneer of financial futures
John G. Stoessinger, professor of diplomacy at the University of San Diego
Marcel Weyland, translator
Zerach Warhaftig, an Israeli lawyer and politician, and a signatory of Israel's Declaration of Independence
George Zames, control theorist
Bernard and Rochelle Zell, parents of business magnate Sam Zell
See also
Individuals and groups assisting Jews during the Holocaust
Jewish settlement in the Japanese Empire
Aristides de Sousa Mendes
Ho Feng-Shan
Varian Fry
Tatsuo Osako
Setsuzo Kotsuji
Giorgio Perlasca
Thomas Hildebrand Preston, 6th Baronet
John Rabe
Abdol Hossein Sardari
Oskar Schindler
Raoul Wallenberg
Nicholas Winton
Jan Zwartendijk
Persona Non Grata (2015 film)
Nansen passport
Ładoś Group
Mir Yeshiva (Belarus)
Behind the Scenes of Loyal Studios Burbank and Santa Monica, and Bob Bekian's new online station, "RealHD.tv" set to launch September 2011. Bob Bekian hosts the show "Hollywood Legends." His first interview was with the amazing Julie Adams, from "Creature from the Black Lagoon."
Julie Adams admiring some of Bob Bekian's posters from her films